ETIDIOH - NEW

Abstract Neuroinvasive arboviruses such as tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), and Toscana virus (TOSV) have (re-)emerged with increasing incidence and geographic range . We analyzed the epidemiology of arboviral infections in Croatia during the 2024 transmission season. A total of 154 patients with neuroinvasive diseases (NID), 1596 horses , 69 dead birds , and 7726 mosquitoes were tested. Viral RNA was detected using RT-qPCR. IgM/IgG-specific antibodies were detected using commercial ELISA or IFA, with confirmation of cross-reactive samples by virus neutralization test. RT-qPCR-positive samples were Sanger sequenced. Arboviral etiology was confirmed in 33/21.42% of patients with NID. WNV was most frequently detected (17/11.03%), followed by TBEV (10/6.49%), USUV (5/3.24%), and TOSV (1/0.64%). WNV infections were reported in regions previously known as endemic, while in one continental county, WNV was recorded for the first time. USUV infec...

Summary Background Malaysia is one of the southeast Asian countries hardest hit by dengue . We implemented a proactive integrated vector management (IVM) approach in a large non-blinded, cluster-randomised controlled trial to quantify its effectiveness on dengue incidence in urban settings. Methods In this cluster-randomised controlled trial we enrolled low-cost and medium-cost residential housing blocks in the Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya with recurrent dengue outbreaks. Of the 329 eligible sites, 139 were randomly allocated to receive IVM measures (community engagement, targeted outdoor residual spraying using K-Othrine Polyzone , and deployment of autodissemination devices to target both larval and adult mosquitoes) and 141 received routine vector control activities, stratified by block housing cost. The primary outcome was the comparison of dengue incidence between the two groups using information provided by the national e-Dengue surveillance system. Routine vec...

Abstract {1} The 2023–24 epidemic of Oropouche fever in the Americas and the associated ongoing outbreak in Cuba suggests a potential state shift in the epidemiology of the disease , raising questions about which vectors are driving transmission. In this study, we conduct a systematic review of vector competence experiments with Oropouche virus (OROV, Orthobunyavirus ) that were published prior to the 2023–24 epidemic season. Only seven studies were published by September 2024, highlighting the chronic neglect that Oropouche virus (like many other orthobunyaviruses) has been subjected to since its discovery in 1954. Two species of midge (Culicoides paraensis and C. sonorensis) consistently demonstrate a high competence to transmit OROV (~30%), while mosquitoes (including both Aedes and Culex spp .) exhibited an infection rate consistently below ~20%, and showed limited OROV transmission . Further research is needed to establish which vectors are involved in the ongoing outbreak in Cub...

Abstract We describe introduction of the 2022–2023 Oropouche virus lineage from Brazil , which has caused large-scale outbreaks throughout Brazil , into the Amazon Region of Peru . This lineage is co-circulating with another lineage that was circulating previously. Our findings highlight the need for continued surveillance to monitor Oropouche virus in Peru. Source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/4/24-1748_article ____

Abstract Given recent outbreaks of Oropouche virus in Latin America and >100 confirmed travel-associated cases in the United States , we evaluated the competence of US vectors , including Aedes albopictus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex pipiens , and Anopheles quadrimaculatus mosquitoes . Results with historic and recent isolates suggest transmission potential for those species is low . Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal,  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/3/24-1886_article _____