ETIDIOH - NEW

  Antiviral Res WRONSKI S, Obernolte H, Schaudien D, Braun A, et al Prophylactic intranasal administration of bacterial lysate OM-85 mitigates human rhinovirus (RV-A1b) lung infection and inflammation in mice. Antiviral Res. 2026;247:106362. PubMed           Abstract available HEDSKOG C, Rodriguez L, Hu Y, Li J, et al SARS-CoV-2 Resistance Analyses From the Phase 3 BIRCH Study of Obeldesivir in High-Risk Nonhospitalized Participants With COVID-19. Antiviral Res. 2026 Jan 19:106351. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106351. PubMed           Abstract available RODRIGUEZ L, Hu Y, Li J, Han D, et al SARS-CoV-2 Resistance Analyses From the Phase 3 OAKTREE Study of Obeldesivir in Low-Risk Nonhospitalized Participants With COVID-19. Antiviral Res. 2025 Dec 29:106339. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106339. PubMed           Abstract available Arch Virol LIM KS, Selvan ME, Ea CK...

  Antimicrob Agents Chemother LLORENTE J, Sempere J, Llamosi M, Perez-Garcia C, et al Emergence of antibiotic-resistant pneumococcal serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in children, Spain. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2025 Dec 31:e0153025. doi: 10.1128/aac.01530. PubMed           Abstract available J Infect Dis VILLAFUERTE D, Fall A, Akin E, Werner AP, et al Genomic Evolution of Influenza A Virus During the 2024-2025 Season, the Johns Hopkins Health System: Antigenic Drift Reduces Serum Neutralization. J Infect Dis. 2026 Feb 4:jiag069. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Pediatrics GAGO CM, Ruggiero CF, Gundewar A, Rose W, et al Parent Perspectives on the Interactive Role of Charitable and Federal Nutrition Assistance. Pediatrics. 2026 Jan 6:e2025072664. doi: 10.1542/peds.2025-072664. PubMed           Abstract available SALTHOUSE AL, Tann...

  Am J Med CHENG Y, Ling Y, Scholten J, Atkins D, et al Patterns and trends in prevalent central nervous system stimulant use in US veterans with traumatic brain injury. Am J Med. 2026;139:170-180. PubMed           Abstract available BMC Pediatr AKAR A Rare disease mimicking multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. BMC Pediatr. 2025;26:56. PubMed           Abstract available Cell PEKAR JE, Crespo-Bellido A, Lemey P, Bowman AS, et al Can H5N1 avian influenza in dairy cattle be contained in the US? Cell. 2026 Jan 23:S0092-8674(25)01483-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2025. PubMed           Abstract available J Clin Microbiol XU X, Hull W, Plunkett D, Tu ZJ, et al Emergence of influenza A(H3N2) subclade K in northeast Ohio in autumn 2025. J Clin Microbiol. 2026 Jan 27:e0181325. doi: 10.1128/jcm.01813. PubMed          J Infect Dis ZHONG...

  Abstract Influenza A viruses continually pose pandemic threats, underscoring the need for timely development of Candidate Vaccine Viruses (CVVs) that meet regulatory expectations for vaccine manufacturing. This protocol describes the procedures used at CDC to generate recombinant CVVs through reverse genetics in accordance with World Health Organization guidelines and CDC’s internal Quality System Requirements (QSR)1,2,3. The QSR incorporates relevant principles from the FDA’s Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) and Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) regulations, providing a structured framework that ensures documentation integrity, material traceability, and quality oversight during all stages of CVV development. The protocol provides detailed steps for plasmid preparation , virus rescue in Vero cells , and amplification in embryonated chicken eggs , and outlines characterization assays used to confirm the suitability and safety attributes of each CVV. This standardized, quality-drive...

  Ann Intern Med SACKS HS In older adults, RSV prefusion F vaccine reduced hospitalization for RSV-related respiratory tract disease vs. no vaccine. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Jan 6. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05113. PubMed           Abstract available SOUMARE A, Kapfer T, Botrel T, Adda L, et al Systemic Corticosteroids, Mortality, and Infections in Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Dec 2. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-03055. PubMed           Abstract available Arch Virol LAI QR, Chen W, Yu GF, Guo YJ, et al Molecular epidemiology and clinical characteristics of human adenovirus in children in Hangzhou (2022-2023). Arch Virol. 2026;171:60. PubMed           Abstract available Biochem Biophys Res Commun WU X, Bhatt V, Liu JJ, Hong L, et al Single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis reveals differential expr...

  Abstract The risk of highly pathogenic avian influenza infection to humans is challenging to estimate because many human avian influenza virus (AIV) infections are undetected as they may be asymptomatic , symptomatic but not tested , and as contact tracing is difficult because human-to-human spread is rare. We derive equations that consider the evolutionary mechanisms that give rise to pandemics and are parameterized to be consistent with records of past pandemics. We estimate that thousands of human AIV infections occur worldwide in an average year and estimate the infection fatality ratio as 32 deaths per 10,000 infections (95% confidence interval: [9.6, 75]). We estimate that preventing 20% of animal-to-human influenza spillovers annually would delay pandemic emergence by an average of 9.4 years . There is a high level of uncertainty in our estimates due to the few records of past pandemics, but even so this infection fatality ratio is comparable to SARS-CoV-2 during the recen...

  Highlights •  Global mobility, climate pressures, and ecological change drive emerging infections. •  Highly pathogenic influenza strains, including H5N1, pose ongoing spillover risks and pandemic potential. •  SARS, MERS, and COVID-19 illustrate the pandemic potential of novel coronaviruses. •  Nipah, Ebola, Pteropine orthoreovirus and Zika remain high-impact threats for global health security. •  Mass gatherings can amplify transmission risks of emerging high-consequence viruses. •  Strengthened surveillance, diagnostics, and One Health strategies are essential for pandemic preparedness. Abstract Emerging infectious diseases have risen significantly in the twenty-first century as ecological disruption, climate change, expanding human–animal interfaces , and global mobility intensify opportunities for pathogen transmission . This review synthesizes historical and contemporary evidence across viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic threats to charact...

  Antiviral Res LEEKHA A, Reichel K, Hurst B, Varadarajan N, et al Therapeutic intranasal delivery of NanoSTING provides broad protection against seasonal and highly pathogenic influenza strains. Antiviral Res. 2026 Jan 14:106342. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106342. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ MARTIN DS, Doidge JC, Gould D, Shahid T, et al The impact of skin tone on performance of pulse oximeters used by NHS England COVID Oximetry @home scheme: measurement and diagnostic accuracy study. BMJ. 2026;392:e085535. PubMed           Abstract available Drug Saf PALMER M, Seekins D, Avigan M, Marcinak J, et al The Impact of COVID-19 and COVID-19 Vaccination on Detection, Assessment, and Management of Suspected Acute Drug-Induced Liver Injury Occurring during Clinical Trials: Consensus Recommendations from the IQ DILI Initiative. Drug Saf. 2026;49:9-25. PubMed        ...