ETIDIOH - NEW

 {Original text in Icelandic, translated, edited.} The Icelandic University of Iceland's Pathology Laboratory at Keldur notified the Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority on January 6 that a kitten that arrived at the laboratory for autopsy had been diagnosed with a severe strain of avian influenza (H5N5).  This is the same strain that has been detected in wild birds in Iceland since September last year and on one poultry farm in early December.  The Icelandic Food and Veterinary Authority immediately issued instructions for disease control to prevent the spread of the infection and is now working to trace the infection .  Symptoms of the disease in this cat included loss of appetite, weakness, stiffness, tremors, seizures and other neurological symptoms .  Cat owners are asked to contact a veterinarian immediately if they notice such symptoms in their cats. The cat diagnosed with bird flu was a 10-week-old kitten that died on December 22. The littermate the k...

{Excerpt} Our data indicate that bovine H5N1 viruses can replicate efficiently in the epithelium of the bovine teat cistern, suggesting that they invade the mammary gland through the teat canal , which is more easily accessed by viruses. H5N1 virus is thought to be transmitted among lactating dairy cattle through contaminated milking equipment and/or milker's hands during milking[23]. Proper milking procedures are required to prevent spread of HPAI H5N1 viruses in dairy cattle, thereby minimizing the risk of transmission from cows to other mammals including humans . Source: Emerging Microbes and Infections,  https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/22221751.2025.2450029#d1e346 _____

Backyard reared poultry in Camarines Norte Region. Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6167 ______

Three cats (one adult female and two 10 week old kittens) from the same household died on December 20., 21. and 22. after they had been ill for only a few days . The main clinical signs were lethargy, anorexia, cramps and stiffness . Other kittens from the same litter had been rehomed before those three got sick and they have not shown any symptoms. The most probable source of infection is wild birds . HPAI H5N5 have been diagnosed in a few wild birds in Iceland since September last year. Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6168 ____

 A wild Northern Fulmar in Danish Exclusive Economic Zone (Greenland). Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6172 _____

Abstract Crocodilians are susceptible to a range of virus infection including influenza A virus (IAV). However, little is known about the ecology and epidemiology of IAV in crocodile species. This study aimed to investigate IAV infection in farmed Siamese crocodiles in central Thailand . We collected plasma samples and pharyngeal swab samples from Siamese crocodiles residing in 13 crocodile farms in 9 provinces of central Thailand during 2019. Additional archival plasma samples of Siamese crocodiles collected in 2012 and 2018 were also included in the study. Plasma samples were screened for influenza A antibodies by a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and positive were evaluated by a cytopathic effect/hemagglutination based- microneutralization (MN) assay . Swab samples were tested for influenza viral RNA by a real-time RT-PCR assay targeting the influenza matrix (M) gene. Among 246 tested plasma samples, the overall seroprevalence of antibodies against IAV in farmed Siamese croco...

Abstract Migratory water birds are considered to be carriers of high pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). In Japan , mallards are often observed during winter, and HPAIV-infected mallards often shed viruses asymptomatically. In this study, we focused on mallards as potential carriers of HPAIVs and investigated whether individual wild mallards are repeatedly infected with HPAIVs and act as HPAIV carriers multiple times within a season. Mallards were experimentally infected with H5N1 and H5N8 HPAIVs that were isolated recently in Japan and phylogenetically belong to different hemagglutinin groups ( G2a, G2b, and G2d ). All of these strains are more infectious to mallards than to chickens, and the infected mallards shed enough virus to infect others, regardless of whether they exhibited clinical signs. Serum antibodies to the homologous antigen, induced by a single infection with a low virus dose (10 times the 50% mallard infectious dose), were maintained at detectable levels f...