ETIDIOH - NEW

  ABSTRACT H10 subtype avian influenza viruses primarily circulate among wild waterfowl but can occasionally infect mammals , including humans , and recent sporadic human cases have raised significant public health concerns . In this study, we sequenced and analysed 59 H10 subtype viruses isolated from wild birds in Taiwan . Results showed that all isolates were genetically distinct from human and other mammalian H10 subtype isolates. Taiwanese isolates exhibited high genetic diversity and could be categorized into 34 distinct genotypes , with each genotype circulating only in a single migratory season and not recurring during subsequent seasons. Additional analyses revealed that certain gene pools frequently circulate in the Pacific Rim , with evidence of North American lineage genes establishing long-term populations in Eurasia and vice versa. Although no characteristics indicative of mammalian adaptation was found in the Taiwanese isolates, temporal changes in the haemagglutinin...

This case indicates the recurrence of the high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 subtype (clade 2.3.4.4b) on a poultry farm in Taiwan . The owner of the poultry farm reported the situation to the local veterinary authority in Yunlin County , and samples were collected on July 10. These samples were sent to the National Reference Laboratory for diagnosis on July 11. Clinical signs included increased mortality rates, reduced appetite , and decreased egg production . On July 13, the outbreak was confirmed as HPAI. Subsequently, 2,616 geese were culled, and comprehensive cleaning and disinfection were conducted on July 21. Farms within a 3-kilometer radius of this location will undergo heightened surveillance and visits for the next 28 days. Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6670 ____

Abstract The interspecies transmission of avian influenza viruses remains a significant public health concern. H6 viruses have gained attention following the first human infection by a chicken-origin H6N1 virus (A/Taiwan/02/2013, Hu/13), highlighting their zoonotic potential . To understand the evolutionary trajectory and mammalian adaptation of this Taiwan lineage , we compared two avian isolates (A/Chicken/Taiwan/CF19/2009, Ck/09; A/Chicken/Taiwan/2267/2012, Ck/12) and Hu/13 in vitro and in vivo. Hu/13 exhibited enhanced replication in MDCK cells , producing larger plaques and higher viral titers than Ck/09 and Ck/12. In BALB/c mice , Hu/13 demonstrated the highest pathogenicity and mortality , followed by Ck/12, while Ck/09 induced minimal morbidity. Hu/13 and Ck/12 replicated efficiently in respiratory tissues , eliciting robust cytokine responses and severe pulmonary lesions . In ferrets , Hu/13 showed relatively efficient transmission , infecting all direct physical-contact and t...