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Showing posts from January 6, 2025

#USA, #Genetic #Sequences of Highly Pathogenic Avian #Influenza A(#H5N1) Viruses Identified in a Person in #Louisiana

Genetic Sequences of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses Identified in a Person in Louisiana What to know -- CDC has sequenced the influenza viruses in specimens collected from the patient in Louisiana who was infected with, and became severely ill from HPAI A(H5N1) virus.  -- The genomic sequences were compared to other HPAI A(H5N1) sequences from dairy cows, wild birds and poultry , as well as previous human cases and were identified as the D1.1 genotype .  -- The analysis identified low frequency mutations in the hemagglutinin gene of a sample sequenced from the patient, which were not found in virus sequences from poultry samples collected on the patient’s property, suggesting the changes emerged in the patient after infection. Background This is a technical summary of an analysis of the genomic sequences of the viruses identified in two upper respiratory tract specimens from the patient who was severely ill from an infection with highly pathogenic avian infl...

#Zoonotic #transmission of novel #Influenza A #variant viruses detected in #Brazil during 2020 to 2023

Abstract Zoonotic infections (swine-human) caused by influenza A viruses (IAVs) have been reported and linked to close contact between these species . Here, we describe eight human IAV variant infections ( 6 mild and 2 severe cases , including 1 death ) detected in Paraná, Brazil , during 2020–2023. Genomes recovered were closely related to Brazilian swIAVs of three major lineages (1 A.3.3.2/ pdm09, 1B/human-like, and H3.1990.5), including three H1N1v, two H1N2v, two H3N2v and one H1v. Five H1v were closely related to pdm09 lineage , one H1v ( H1N2v ) grouped within 1B.2.3 clade, and the two H3v grouped within a clade composed exclusively of Brazilian H3 swIAV (clade H3.1990.5.1). Internal gene segments were closely related to H1N1pdm09 isolated from pigs . IAV variant rarely result in sustained transmission between people, however the potential to develop such ability is of concern and must not be underestimated. This study brings into focus the need for continuous influenza surveilla...

Anti- #neuraminidase and anti- #hemagglutinin #stalk responses to different #influenza A(#H7N9) #vaccine regimens

Abstract Introduction Pandemic influenza vaccine development focuses on the hemagglutinin (HA) antigen for potency and immunogenicity. Antibody responses targeting the neuraminidase (NA) antigen, or the HA stalk domain have been implicated in protection against influenza. Responses to the NA and HA-stalk domain following pandemic inactivated influenza are not well characterized in humans. Material and methods In a series of clinical trials , we determine the vaccines' NA content and demonstrate that NA inhibition (NAI) antibody responses increase in a dose-dependent manner following a 2-dose priming series with AS03-adjuvanted influenza A(H7N9) inactivated vaccine (A(H7N9) IIV). NAI antibody responses also increase with interval extension of the 2-dose priming series or following a 5-year delayed boost with a heterologous adjuvanted A(H7N9) IIV. Neither concomitant seasonal influenza vaccination given simultaneously or sequentially, nor use of heterologous A(H7N9) IIVs in the 2-dos...

Evidence of #Influenza A(#H5N1) #Spillover #Infections in #Horses, #Mongolia

Abstract Recent outbreaks of influenza A(H5N1) have affected many mammal species . We report serologic evidence of H5N1 virus infection in horses in Mongolia . Because H3N8 equine influenza virus is endemic in many countries, horses should be monitored to prevent reassortment between equine and avian influenza viruses with unknown consequences. Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal,  https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/31/1/24-1266_article _____

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (by AMEDEO, January 6 2025)

  Antiviral Res GAO M, Zhang Z, Yao G, Zhang L, et al Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel 2'-deoxy-2'-spirooxetane-7-deazapurine nucleoside analogs as anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents. Antiviral Res. 2024 Dec 30:106060. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.106060. PubMed           Abstract available MERCURI FA, Anderson GP, Miller BE, Demaison C, et al Discovery and development of INNA-051, a TLR2/6 agonist for the prevention of complications resulting from viral respiratory infections. Antiviral Res. 2024 Dec 27:106063. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.106063. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ DYER C Psychiatrist is struck off after claiming covid-19 vaccines lacked effectiveness and safety data. BMJ. 2024;387:q2888. PubMed          Clin Chem RAGLOW Z, Lauring AS Virus Evolution in Prolonged Infections of Immunocompromised Individuals. Clin Chem. 20...

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (by AMEDEO, Jan. 6 '25)

  Antiviral Res MAIA AR, Gonzalez L, Bounab B, Grassi L, et al Intranasal exposure to commensal bacterium Rothia mucilaginosa protects against influenza A virus infection. Antiviral Res. 2025 Jan 2:106076. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106076. PubMed           Abstract available Biochem Biophys Res Commun CULIAT C, Soni D, Malkes W, Wienhold M, et al NELL1 variant protein (NV1) modulates hyper-inflammation, Th-1 mediated immune response, and the HIF-1alpha hypoxia pathway to promote healing in viral-induced lung injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025;744:151198. PubMed           Abstract available Cell PASQUESI GIM, Allen H, Ivancevic A, Barbachano-Guerrero A, et al Regulation of human interferon signaling by transposon exonization. Cell. 2024;187:7621-7636. PubMed           Abstract available J Neurosurg Pediatr LUNDY P, Barkley A, Rahman AKMF, A...