Showing posts with label betacoronavirus. Show all posts
Showing posts with label betacoronavirus. Show all posts

Saturday, June 13, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, June 13 '26)

 


    Clin Infect Dis

  1. BRITT NS, Khader K, He T, Prinzi AM, et al
    Clinical Impact of the BIOFIRE(R) FILMARRAY(R) Pneumonia Panel in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: A Difference-in-Differences Study.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 12:ciag328. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

  2. NERBY J, Berg W, McFarren M, Rhame F, et al
    Collaborative approaches to masking: statewide threshold development and performance across three respiratory seasons.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2026 Jun 11:1-7. doi: 10.1017/ice.2026.10487.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  3. CHEN H, Manu EK
    Shifting patterns of acute respiratory infection mortality in Australia: Changing contributions of COVID-19, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus and persistent Indigenous inequalities.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 8:108866. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108866.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Intensive Care Med

  4. MEYBOHM P, Baron DM, Fries D, Lasocki S, et al
    Patient blood management in general intensive care patients.
    Intensive Care Med. 2026 Jun 8. doi: 10.1007/s00134-026-08491.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Infect

  5. HARRIS R, Thirard R, McBrien C, Middleditch A, et al
    Immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of a recombinant shingles vaccine with an mRNA COVID-19 or adjuvanted influenza vaccine: a randomised controlled trial.
    J Infect. 2026 Jun 4:106784. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106784.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. WANG X, Yin J, Xu B, Guanhua X, et al
    Clinical epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in China.
    J Infect. 2026 Jun 10:106793. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106793.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  7. TRUONG T, Radin JM, Li L, Ordonez-Mena JM, et al
    Burden and economic impact of RSV hospitalisations among English adults, 2023/24.
    J Infect. 2026;93:106792.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  8. USHIJIMA H, Onda-Shimizu Y, Kotaki T, Nishimura S, et al
    Co-Circulation and Mixed Infections of Classic and Melbourne Human Astroviruses Among Pediatric Acute Gastroenteritis Patients in Japan, 2018-2024.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71002.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  9. AYDIN U, Duzenci D, Akkoc RF, Karatas A, et al
    Serum Histatin Levels in COVID-19: Association With Disease Severity and Immune Status.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71009.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  10. CHEN R, Kong W, Li C, Zhang J, et al
    TXD-198 Exhibits Inhibitory Activity Against SARS-CoV-2 by Upregulating ANO1.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71004.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  11. DENG J, Lin Q, Zeng Z, Huang H, et al
    Post-Pandemic Influenza Resurgence in Guangzhou, China: Impact of COVID-19 Interventions and Immune Alterations.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71012.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  12. FU JYL, Lim SK, Jalalonmuhali M, Bador MK, et al
    Immune Pressure From Plasma From Immunocompromised and Healthy Individuals Drives Differential SARS-CoV-2 Evolution and Escape Mutation Emergence.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71016.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Travel Med

  13. LUBBERT C, Fruhwein M, Dinjer CS, Machler C, et al
    Assessment of the healthcare burden of dengue disease in Germany: a retrospective analysis of statutory health insurance data (2014-2023).
    J Travel Med. 2026 Jun 11:taag047. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  14. YANG Y, Su Z, Zhang X, Tan Y, et al
    PPP2R5B regulates ANPEP expression and TGEV entry via dephosphorylation of HSF1 at Ser304/Ser308.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 11:e0016626. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00166.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  15. YO MS, Kaku Y, Kosugi Y, Tolentino JE, et al
    Genetic diversity of pangolin coronaviruses reveals a key immuno-evasive substitution at spike residue 519.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 10:e0035226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00352.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  16. PENG M, Liu L, Li X, Yu X, et al
    Pre-pandemic contraction, phase-specific rate variation, and site-specific antigenic adaptation shape influenza A(H3N2) evolutionary dynamics in Hubei, China.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 10:e0055626. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00556.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  17. ARTUSA V, Limanaqi F, Santacroce E, Clerici M, et al
    Alpha-synuclein at the crossroads of host-virus interactions: immunological roles beyond the nervous system.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0019126. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00191.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  18. VARGAS DA, Albornoz LL, Pena-Morales M, Ortiz Rojas HJ, et al
    Within-host SARS-CoV-2 diversity in immunocompromised patients during acute infection.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0222425. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02224.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  19. YU H-M, Zhu M-L, Zhao Y-L, Tan J-X, et al
    Research progress on the association between viruses and cardiac diseases.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0038326. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00383.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  20. LI S, Luo H, Zhang K, Wu C, et al
    The cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 facilitates the entry of porcine epidemic diarrhea coronavirus.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0030126. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00301.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  21. ZHANG Q, Xin J, Wang C, Zhang X, et al
    Cleavage of TOM1 by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease NSP5 prevents autophagic degradation of viral envelope.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 12:e0043426. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00434.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet Infect Dis

  22. XIE Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z
    Seasonal influenza versus COVID-19 hospitalisation risk during the 2025-26 influenza season.
    Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 10:S1473-3099(26)00289.
    PubMed        


    Travel Med Infect Dis

  23. MIHAI I, Bonnaud L, Arregle F, Doudier B, et al
    Purulent meningococcal pericarditis with cardiac tamponade in a Hajj pilgrim: A diagnostic challenge of anchoring bias on MERS-CoV.
    Travel Med Infect Dis. 2026;72:103001.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Saturday, June 6, 2026

#Human ACE2‑specific benzothiazole-based allosteric #inhibitor against pan ‑ #sarbecoviruses

 


Abstract

Emerging SARS‑CoV‑2 variants and related zoonotic sarbecoviruses rely on ACE2 for cell entry, motivating host‑directed antivirals that block spike-ACE2 interaction. Here, we characterize MB‑32, a benzothiazole small molecule that binds ACE2, selectively disrupts binding of SARS‑CoV‑2 spike receptor‑binding domain to ACE2, and preserves ACE2 enzymatic activity across species. MB‑32 potently inhibits entry of SARS‑CoV‑2 variants, SARS‑CoV‑1 and diverse bat/pangolin sarbecoviruses in ACE2‑expressing cells, while sparing vesicular stomatitis virus and authentic MERS‑CoV, indicating non‑virucidal, ACE2‑focused activity. Biochemical and biophysical analyses, supported by ACE2 mutagenesis, support a model in which MB‑32 engages a non‑catalytic surface pocket on the ACE2 N‑terminal helix to allosterically disrupt spike attachment. Intranasal MB‑32 achieves high airway concentrations, protects male ACE2‑transgenic mice and hamsters from SARS‑CoV‑2 disease, and prevents contact transmission of Omicron‑lineage viruses without detectable cardiovascular toxicity. These findings establish MB‑32 as a host‑targeted ACE2 entry inhibitor and provide a framework for small‑molecule ACE2‑directed antivirals against current and future sarbecovirus spillovers.

Source: 


Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-73944-x

____

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, June 6 '26)

 


    Ann Intern Med

  1. KOUTOURATSAS T, Dammad T, Mylonakis E
    In outpatients with COVID-19 during Omicron variant circulation, some antivirals reduce time to recovery.
    Ann Intern Med. 2026 Jun 2. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-26-01878.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Clin Infect Dis

  2. BONTEN M, Essink B, Hanning N, Leroux-Roels I, et al
    Immunogenicity and safety of co-administration of AS01E-adjuvanted respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein vaccine and a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine in adults aged >/=50 years: a phase 3, randomized, non-inferiority trial.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 4:ciag344. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  3. BRAMANTE CT, Stewart TG, Boulware DR, McCarthy MW, et al
    Metformin on the Presence of COVID-19 Symptoms 6 Months after Infection: The ACTIV-6 Randomized Clinical Trial.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 4:ciag335. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  4. LIU C, Okoli GN, Chen R, Sullivan SG, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and attenuation of breakthrough infection severity: A systematic global review and meta-analysis.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 1:ciag346. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

  5. JURICA JM, Smith DM, Abeles S, Torriani FJ, et al
    Discontinuing contact precautions for COVID-19: the science says its time.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2026 Jun 5:1-3. doi: 10.1017/ice.2026.10482.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. ALSOUBANI M, Andujar G, Campion M
    Socioeconomic and racial review of COVID-19 antiviral prescriptions: a large health system cohort.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2026 Jun 1:1-6. doi: 10.1017/ice.2026.10473.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  7. VEIJER C, van Asselt ADI, van Zon SKR, Rosmalen JGM, et al
    Healthcare Resource Use and Costs under Pandemic Circumstances in The Netherlands: Results from the Lifelines COVID-19 Cohort.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 3:108854. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108854.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  8. ABU-RADDAD LJ, Ayoub HH, Coyle P, Tang P, et al
    Routine SARS-CoV-2 Testing Frequency and Risk of Severe COVID-19: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 2:108851. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108851.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  9. LAW AHT, Wong JY, Lin Y, Cowling BJ, et al
    Sex differences in COVID-19 infection and mortality in Hong Kong.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 2:108852. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108852.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  10. LIN Y, Wu P, Lau EHY, Blais J, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding and vaccination?modified effects of oral antivirals in older COVID-19 patients: a retrospective cohort study in Hong Kong.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 1:108848. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108848.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  11. CHEN Y, Lan Y, Zhao A, Zhang Y, et al
    Anti-Zika Virus Activity of Azvudine via Inhibition of RNA Replication by Its Active Triphosphate Form.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e71000.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Thorac Oncol

  12. XU X, Saad MB, Grippin A, Xu H, et al
    Brief Report: SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Improved Survival in NSCLC Treated with Radiotherapy.
    J Thorac Oncol. 2026 Jun 1:103956. doi: 10.1016/j.jtho.2026.103956.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  13. FAN L, Gao X, Feng W, Huang Q, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a suppresses host antiviral interferon responses by promoting STUB1-mediated PTEN proteasomal degradation.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 2:e0018626. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00186.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet

  14. KARIM SA, Mahomed S, Lewis L, Karim SSA, et al
    Urgent need for a reliable rapid diagnostic test for the Ebola epidemic caused by Bundibugyo virus in Africa.
    Lancet. 2026 Jun 2:S0140-6736(26)01093-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)01093.
    PubMed        


    Lancet Infect Dis


  15. Global burden of enteric infectious diseases, diarrhoeal diseases, and corresponding aetiologies, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.
    Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 Jun 2:S1473-3099(26)00194.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Science

  16. EMANUEL N, Harrington E, Pallais A
    Home alone: Remote work, isolation, and mental health.
    Science. 2026;392:eaec7671.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Friday, June 5, 2026

#SARS-CoV-2 #Omicron BA.2.86 and JN.1 expand #tropism in #human proximal #intestinal epithelium

 


Abstract

Omicron SARS-CoV-2 has diversified into multiple sub-lineages, complicating assessment of their intrinsic phenotypes due to background population immunity. We compare replication and biological characteristics of variants from BA.1 to JN.1 using human bronchial and lung explants, airway organoids, colon cells, and proximal intestinal enteroids. XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1 achieve higher replication titres in respiratory tissues than BA.2.86 and JN.1, indicating enhanced respiratory fitness. EG.5.1 displays dual cell-entry pathways and greater replication in alveolar epithelial cells, supporting increased lung tropism and pathogenicity. In contrast, BA.2.86 and JN.1 rely on TMPRSS2-mediated entry in airways. Notably, BA.2.86 and JN.1 replicate more efficiently than EG.5.1 in proximal intestinal enteroids in an ACE2- and TMPRSS2-dependent manner, but not in colon cells. JN.1 exhibits elevated intestinal tropism with limited proinflammatory cytokine induction, suggesting potential for faecal transmission. Here we show XBB.1.5 and EG.5.1 greater transmissibility and severity potential whereas BA.2.86 and JN.1 exhibit enhanced intestinal adaptation.

Source: 


Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-74111-y

____

Saturday, May 30, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 30 '26)

 


    Antiviral Res

  1. MALOCCU S, Otsuka Y, Molchan E, Foti M, et al
    Identification of Nsp15 inhibitors restoring interferon-dependent antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.
    Antiviral Res. 2026;251:106443.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    BMJ

  2. YAMEY G
    Trump and RFK Jr have a new approach to global health: holding vulnerable people to ransom.
    BMJ. 2026;393:e387444.
    PubMed        


    Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

  3. XU X, Yu P, Wu S, Wang L, et al
    Repeatability of corneal diameter measured by Sirius versus IOLMaster 700 in myopic eyes: combined with consistency and relationship of sulcus-to-sulcus.
    Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2026 May 23. doi: 10.1007/s00417-026-07281.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

  4. GIBAS KM, Head T, Broadley M, Mermel LA, et al
    Healthcare personnel masking: current practices and gaps in standardized thresholds.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2026 May 26:1-8. doi: 10.1017/ice.2026.10469.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  5. BRUNVOLL SH, Fagerland MW, Nygaard AB, Ellingjord-Dale M, et al
    Long COVID symptoms before and 3-35 Months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a Norwegian prospective cohort study, symptoms over the pandemic and different virus variants.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 27:108822. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108822.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Infect

  6. LU L, Long Z, Chen F, Li Z, et al
    Global Disability-Adjusted Life Years Burden of Lower Respiratory Infections Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
    J Infect. 2026 May 25:106768. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106768.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  7. CORRAO G, Sguazzini E, Gori A, Monti E, et al
    All-cause mortality within seven days of COVID-19 vaccination: A matched cohort and self-controlled case series study in Lombardy, Italy.
    J Infect. 2026;93:106769.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol


  8. Correction to "Deep Sequencing Reveals Dual Evolution of SARS-CoV-2: Insights Into Defective Genomes From Wuhan-Hu-1 Variants to Omicron Subvariants".
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70987.
    PubMed        

  9. REPUSIC D, Korolija M, Livun A, Svagusa T, et al
    Multi-Layered Genomic and Clinical Analysis Identifies Novel Variants, Co-Occurring Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Pairs, and Clinical Determinants of Host-Pathogen Interaction in COVID-19 Severity.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70984.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet

  10. GIOVANNONI G, Airas L, Bove R, Cutter GR, et al
    Efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in primary progressive multiple sclerosis, including older patients and those with more advanced disease (ORATORIO-HAND): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3b study.
    Lancet. 2026;407:2195-2207.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    N Engl J Med

  11. ZIMMERMANN WH, Ensminger S, Kutschka I, Paitazoglou C, et al
    Stem-Cell-Derived Biologic Ventricular Assist Tissue in Heart Failure.
    N Engl J Med. 2026;394:1991-2001.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Nature

  12. SUZUKI R, Yamasoba D, Kimura I, Wang L, et al
    Author Correction: Attenuated fusogenicity and pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.
    Nature. 2026 May 29. doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10665.
    PubMed        

  13. ZENG AGX, Nagree MS, Jakobsen NA, Shah S, et al
    Human haematopoietic stem cells remember inflammatory stress.
    Nature. 2026 May 27. doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10522.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Radiology

  14. SPOSATO A, Mazzola MA, Kunst MM
    Case 346: gamma-Aminobutyric Acid A Receptor Encephalitis.
    Radiology. 2026;319:e251976.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Saturday, May 23, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 23 '26)

 


    Am J Respir Crit Care Med

  1. KRAMER L, Calfee CS, Mcauley DF, O'Kane C, et al
    Interleukin-6 is a mediator of therapeutic efficacy in acute lung injury.
    Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026 Apr 28:aamag213. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Ann Intern Med

  2. MILLER M, Fischer S, Azrael D
    Firearm Acquisition and New Exposure to Household Firearms After the Initial Pandemic Purchasing Surge: Results From the 2024 National Firearms Survey.
    Ann Intern Med. 2026;179:637-644.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Antiviral Res

  3. LOISON S, Chabert M, Gensous C, Constant S, et al
    Cell-Type Specific Effects of SARS-CoV-2 P252L Mutation on Nirmatrelvir Sensitivity.
    Antiviral Res. 2026 May 19:106445. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106445.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  4. PAGLIARI M, Lutken C, Vianello L, Mazzacan E, et al
    LTX-109 as a broad-spectrum antiviral: in vitro and in vivo efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Viruses.
    Antiviral Res. 2026 May 19:106444. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106444.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  5. ERIGUCHI Y, Shimono N
    Declining antibiotic consumption and changing sexually transmitted infection dynamics in Japan: a national ecological time-series analysis, 2013-2024.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 16:108804. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108804.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. MA Q, Yao L, Shang H, Han X, et al
    Reply to comment on SARS-CoV-2 variant-specific humoral immunity and long-term immune recovery in people living with HIV in the ancestral vaccine era.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 17:108812. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108812.
    PubMed        

  7. ABERA EG, Kisch R, Ali S, Tsegaye W, et al
    Dynamics and variant-specific patterns of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Ethiopia: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 18:108814. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108814.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Infect

  8. MUNRO AP, Ferrari M, Kinsley R, Egan D, et al
    A phase I, needle free, dose escalation clinical trial of pEVAC-PS, a candidate pan-Sarbecovirus Vaccine.
    J Infect. 2026 May 18:106759. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106759.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  9. GUINOVART LJ, Westrhenen SEMH, Schuurman R, Bruijning-Verhagen PCJL, et al
    Symptomatology of SARS-CoV-2 versus seasonal coronavirus infection in healthy young children.
    J Infect. 2026 May 20:106762. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106762.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  10. BU GL, Chen LN, Wu PH, Zeng MS, et al
    Preventing Both EBV Infection and EBV-Associated Diseases: Advances in Vaccine Research.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70961.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  11. FUKUDA Y, Fujii Y, Togashi A, Nawa T, et al
    Recent Increase in Rotavirus Gastroenteritis After Five Years of Low Activity in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan, Associated With Equine-Like G3P[8] and G8P[8] Strains, 2025.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70967.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  12. SANSONE NMS, Costa PT, Mello LS, Marques LFA, et al
    Vaccination Coverage Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brazil's Indigenous Population.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70965.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  13. HORI M, Hayama-Terada M, Kitamura A, Hosozawa M, et al
    Prevalence and Risk Factors for Persistent Post-COVID-19 Condition at 3, 6, 12, and 18 Months After Initial Infection Among Adults Living in a Community of Japan: Yao COVID-19 Study.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70973.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  14. YENOKYAN K, Wentz E, Ni Z, Kammerling T, et al
    Association of Comorbid and Incident Depression and Other Mental Health Conditions With Long-COVID: Results From the Johns Hopkins COVID Long Study.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70970.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  15. YAN P, Kyaw ZO, Wang X, Li N, et al
    Febrifugine dihydrochloride restricts porcine epidemic diarrhea virus replication by modulating the IGF1R-driven PI3K/AKT-apoptosis axis.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0011726.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  16. HUANG M, Liukang C, Yang H, Sun L, et al
    Infectious bronchitis virus accessory protein 3a induces renal inflammatory injury by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome via ER calcium mobilization and mitochondrial ROS production.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0212525.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  17. SCHIFFER JT, Reeves DB, Mayer B, Rodriguez LR, et al
    Clinical trial simulation of antiviral drugs.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0181424.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  18. SIVARAJAN R, Kirchgatterer PC, Lawrenz J, Tanner-Matiz E, et al
    Tonic and early interferons defend against respiratory viruses in primary human lung organoid-derived air-liquid interface cultures.
    J Virol. 2026 May 20:e0210425. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02104.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet

  19. ISLAM MS, Chughtai AA, Wood JG, Sawleshwarkar S, et al
    Hantavirus outbreak on a cruise ship in the South Atlantic.
    Lancet. 2026 May 15:S0140-6736(26)00934-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00934.
    PubMed        


    Nature

  20. AYGUN E, Belyaeva A, Comanici G, Coram M, et al
    An AI system to help scientists write expert-level empirical software.
    Nature. 2026 May 19. doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10658.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  21. KOZLOV M
    Exclusive: NIH ousts infectious-disease leaders as COVID scientists face US charges.
    Nature. 2026 May 15. doi: 10.1038/d41586-026-01558.
    PubMed        


    Science

  22. COHEN J
    Virologist accused of starting COVID-19 fights funding ban.
    Science. 2026;392:795-796.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Travel Med Infect Dis

  23. LI D, Tian F, Niu Y, Li H, et al
    Surveillance of Airborne Microorganisms and Associated Influencing Factors at an International Airport in China, 2019-2020.
    Travel Med Infect Dis. 2026 May 19:102992. doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2026.102992.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  24. POLONI A, Rizzo A, Giacomelli A, Colaneri M, et al
    D-dimer as a marker of severe disease in imported malaria: a retrospective observational study.
    Travel Med Infect Dis. 2026;72:102994.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Thursday, May 21, 2026

#Coronavirus #diversity and #SARS-CoV-2 #exposure at the #wildlife – #human interface in Northern #Italy

 


Abstract

Background

Members of the Coronaviridae family infect humans as well as domestic and wild animals. Over the past three decades, three members of this family, all with zoonotic origins, have caused significant epidemics or pandemics (SARS, MERS, and COVID-19). Despite the spread of SARS-CoV-2 being primarily driven by human-to-human transmission, various animal species are susceptible to infection and may contribute to viral circulation. Aim of this work was to monitor coronavirus (CoV) infections in wild mammals in the Emilia-Romagna region (RER), Italy, using a combined approach of molecular screening for viral RNA detection and serological testing for anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.


Methods

Respiratory and gastrointestinal tissue samples were collected from wild animal carcasses between 2022 and 2024. Samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 using two RT-qPCR assays targeting the E and N genes, and for other CoVs using a nested pan-coronavirus RT-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing of positive samples. Additionally, serum samples obtained from blood, cardiac clot, or thoracic exudate were screened for antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein, with positive samples subsequently confirmed by an ELISA targeting antibodies to the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the Spike (S) protein, focused on variants circulating during the study period.


Results

Molecular analyses were performed on 2,238 animals, all of which tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, while 90 (79% hedgehogs) tested positive for CoVs. Among these, most sequences were consistent with coronaviruses typically reported in the respective host species. However, some exceptions – such as Betacoronavirus erinacei in fox, porcupine, hare, and roe deer, and EmbeCoV-related sequences in a porcupine – warrant further attention. Suitable serum samples were available from 1,751 animals. Overall, 65 animals tested positive for anti-N antibodies, 31 of which (22 foxes, 4 badgers, 2 hedgehogs, 1 roe deer, 1 wolf, 1 rat) were subsequently confirmed by an anti-RBD ELISA.


Conclusions

This study provides an overview of CoVs circulation among wild mammals in RER, supporting the role of hedgehogs as reservoirs and identifying some species with evidence of exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Certain unexpected findings highlight the need for further investigations to clarify the potential for cross-species transmission.

Source: 


Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12985-026-03193-3

____

Saturday, May 16, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 16 '26)

 


    Ann Intern Med

  1. JOHNSON D, Quinn S, Algase LF, Watkins C Jr, et al
    Telemedicine Policy and Practice: A Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.
    Ann Intern Med. 2026 May 12. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-04194.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    BMJ

  2. SUMMERS C, Cook T, Suntharalingam G, Fong K, et al
    Covid Inquiry module 3 reveals critical gaps in UK health system resilience.
    BMJ. 2026;393:s846.
    PubMed        


    Br J Anaesth

  3. FRASER S, Syratt T, Bridson JD, Gilbert-Kawai N, et al
    Refusal of blood transfusion based on donor COVID-19 vaccination status: an emerging postpandemic challenge for perioperative care.
    Br J Anaesth. 2026 May 13:S0007-0912(26)00279-5. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2026.
    PubMed        


    Clin Infect Dis

  4. PEREZ MA, Patel KA, Rasmy L, Yoshida H, et al
    Changes in Epidemiology of Candidemia in the United States with a Focus on Candida auris.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 May 11:ciag312. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol

  5. MENG L, Bell JM, Barbre K, Guthrie S, et al
    Using a longitudinal k-means clustering method to explore nursing home factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection peak and resilience to a COVID-19 surge.
    Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2026 May 14:1-7. doi: 10.1017/ice.2026.10406.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  6. KIM S, Chun BC
    Heterogeneous Rebound Patterns of Foodborne Diseases after COVID-19 Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions, South Korea, 2005-2024.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 13:108782. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108782.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  7. WENG TP, Li MC, Tsai HP, Chen CJ, et al
    Viral Rebound and Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 13:108796. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108796.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  8. SHI R, Li Y, Liu L, Wang Y, et al
    Molecular epidemiology and genomic characterization of post-pandemic macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in hospitalized children.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 13:108780. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108780.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  9. MARTINEZ-DIAZ I, Nunez-Delgado S, Ortiz-Perez JT, Morales A, et al
    Increased circulating ACE2 and GAS6 are independent predictors of COVID-19 severity.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 12:108775. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108775.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  10. HEYMER EJ, Campbell H, Clark SA, Lucidarme J, et al
    Lower incidence and higher case fatality rates associated with invasive meningococcal disease during COVID-19 pandemic restrictions (March 2020 to July 2021) in England.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 10:108770. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108770.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  11. NIAMSANIT S, Sitthikarnkha P, Techasatian L, Saengnipanthkul S, et al
    Incidence Trends, Outcomes, and Factors Associated with Mortality in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Nationwide Study in Thailand during 2021-2023.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 6:108766. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108766.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  12. YAVUZ HC, Boysan SN, Tuna MM
    FIB-4 Index and APRI Score Predict Short- and Long-Term Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A 4-Year Follow-Up Study.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70964.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  13. KIM DS, Kim U, Woo HM, Lee H, et al
    Broad Neutralizing Activity of Monoclonal Antibodies Against the Omicron Variants Isolated From Patients With Early Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70969.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  14. MCCABE M, Groves HE, Getty E, Campbell E, et al
    Age-dependent expression and antiviral activity of interferon epsilon in respiratory epithelium.
    J Virol. 2026 May 12:e0057825. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00578.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  15. LI P, Zheng Y-M, Liu S-L
    Altered infectivity, cell-cell fusion, and immune evasion of SARS-CoV-2 BA.3.2 and LP.8.1 variants.
    J Virol. 2026 May 12:e0001626. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00016.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet Infect Dis

  16. HANSEN CH, Soborg B, Rasmussen M, Moustsen-Helms IR, et al
    Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 LP.8.1-adapted SARS-CoV-2 vaccine against COVID-19-associated hospitalisation and death: a Danish nationwide cohort study.
    Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 May 13:S1473-3099(26)00236.
    PubMed        


    N Engl J Med

  17. HAYDEN FG, Shinkai M, Clark TW, Luetkemeyer AF, et al
    Ensitrelvir for Covid-19 Postexposure Prophylaxis in Household Contacts.
    N Engl J Med. 2026;394:1905-1915.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Nature

  18. DOLGIN E
    At last, a pill that can prevent COVID after exposure to infected people.
    Nature. 2026 May 13. doi: 10.1038/d41586-026-01546.
    PubMed        


    Science

  19. LESSLER J, Christensen A
    From wastewater analysis to public health action.
    Science. 2026;392:692.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  20. HILL DT, Schulman R, Caldas IV, Dunham C, et al
    Genetic variability of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater and associations with community transmission.
    Science. 2026;392:735-741.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Tuesday, May 12, 2026

Sequencing of #Betacoronavirus erinacei from faeces of pet #hedgehogs demonstrates a continuity of #MERS-CoV like viruses in #European and Eurasian hedgehog species

 


Abstract

Hedgehogs have been recently identified as carriers of Betacoronavirus erinacei (also known as Erinaceus coronavirus, EriCoV) a virus closely related to B. cameli responsible for human Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), raising questions about the risk of hedgehog-to-human transmission and suggesting the need for coronavirus (CoV) surveillance in hedgehogs. This study investigated the presence of CoVs in fecal samples of hedgehogs kept as pets in Italy in 2021–2022. A pan-CoV nested RT-PCR targeting the RdRp gene was used for screening and positive samples were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. Two (6.2%) out of 30 hedgehogs analyzed were positive for B. erinacei represented by 2/3 (66.7%) long eared hedgehog (Hemiechinus auritus) while all the 27 tested African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) were negative. Whole genome sequence obtained from one B. erinacei-positive sample showed closest homology (85.7%) with B. erinacei previously detected in Erinaceus sp. from Eastern Russia. Phylogeny showed that the virus of this study formed a separate clade in the cluster with other B. erinacei identified in Europe and European Russia and did not cluster with other B. erinacei identified in China in Amur hedgehog (E. amurensis). No recombination events were observed. Analysis of the Spike protein revealed the presence of six out of the 11 key receptor binding residues, including two out of the three critical residues recently identified for the binding of Erinaceus europaeus receptor APN and B. erinacei. Results of this study suggest the presence of a long-eared hedgehog-specific strain of B. erinacei. Overall results support the circulation of coronaviruses along a phylogenetic continuum among different species of hedgehogs and geographic locations, suggesting the need for further CoV surveillance in both domestic and wild animals. There is also a need for studies on the affinity of EriCoV with the H. auritus APN specific receptor to confirm its involvement in the viral entry process.

Source: 

____

Saturday, May 9, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (by AMEDEO, May 9 '26)

 


    Clin Infect Dis

  1. BOZIO CH, Patel M, Reed C, Garg S, et al
    Challenges in defining severe influenza with implications for measuring and communicating influenza vaccine effects.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 May 7:ciag304. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  2. HIBINO M, Shintani A, Murayama H, Morikawa N, et al
    Impact of Early Oral Antiviral Use for Outpatients With COVID-19 on Healthcare Utilization and Recovery (ANCHOR-02).
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 May 2:108754. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108754.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  3. KURITA J, Mukasa K, Kawana Y, Kaneko M, et al
    Cooperative surveillance association and incidence of infectious diseases in Japanese nursery schools.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 30:108757. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108757.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  4. LEWIS L, Mohammed D, Evans L, Patterson B, et al
    COVID-19 Hospitalisations in women of childbearing age and children during the Omicron period, January 2023 to September 2024.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 30:108746. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108746.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  5. ANINAGYEI E, Ayivor-Djanie R, Boatey CA, Mateen AA, et al
    High SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Seroprevalence Amid COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Unvaccinated Adults in Ghana.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70962.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. STONE S, Elsharkawy A, Patterson LD, Natekar JP, et al
    A Novel Humanized Lethal Mouse Model of SARS-CoV-2-Associated Disease.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70959.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  7. SUOMALAINEN M, Haenseler W, Kolibius J, Pluckthun A, et al
    Transcriptional transactivation turns human iPSC-derived macrophages into an adenovirus-producing cell state.
    J Virol. 2026 May 4:e0039226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00392.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  8. ZHANG L, Hoffmann M, Pohlmann S
    Lock out: targeting TMPRSS2 to block influenza and coronaviruses.
    J Virol. 2026 May 4:e0080725. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00807.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Lancet Infect Dis

  9. RITCHIE AJ, Hassan O, Urasa N, Apanga PA, et al
    Safety and immunogenicity of a single-dose adenovirus-vectored rabies vaccine over 1 year in adults and children in Tanzania: interim data from an ongoing, partly randomised, controlled, phase 1b/2 trial.
    Lancet Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:S1473-3099(26)00071.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Nature

  10. BAO Z, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Wang X, et al
    Steric hindrance of antibody binding in an Omicron spike fusion intermediate.
    Nature. 2026 May 6. doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10462.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Science

  11. COHEN J
    Arrest of Fauci aide for records violations decried as political.
    Science. 2026;392:565-566.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  12. COHEN J
    After pulling vaccine study, CDC leader calls for new journal.
    Science. 2026;392:564-565.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Wednesday, May 6, 2026

Loss of nsp14-exonuclease activity impairs the #replication, proofreading, fitness, and #pathogenesis of #SARS-CoV-2

 


ABSTRACT

Coronaviruses (CoVs) replicate their RNA genomes with a higher degree of fidelity than other RNA viruses, a mechanism mediated by the proofreading and recombination activities of the exoribonuclease domain of replicase nonstructural protein 14 (nsp14-ExoN). Both murine hepatitis virus (MHV) and SARS-CoV tolerate nsp14-ExoN loss-of-function mutations (ExoN−) (D90A and E92A), but have impaired replication fidelity and pathogenesis; yet identical substitutions in MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have been reported to be lethal. Here, we report a saturation mutagenesis approach facilitating the recovery and analysis of several constellations of SARS-CoV-2 nsp14 ExoN-inactivating, loss-of-function substitutions, including the canonical D90A and E92A. Biochemical assays with purified WT or ExoN-nsp10-14 fusion proteins confirmed that active site substitutions abolished ExoN activity (ExoN−). SARS-CoV-2 ExoN− viruses exhibited impaired replication, RNA synthesis, and recombination, as well as decreased replication fidelity and loss of fitness in vitro. ExoN− viruses were significantly attenuated for replication in human primary airway epithelial cells and were attenuated for replication and pathogenesis in WT mice, as well as the highly susceptible K18 transgenic mice. In the absence of interferon signaling in vivo, SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 ExoN− viral replication could be partially restored. These results demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 ExoN− viruses are viable but highly impaired for replication, fitness, and fidelity in vitro, as well as innate immune antagonism and pathogenesis in vivo. Collectively, our results solidify the multiple critical roles of nsp14-ExoN across CoV genera and establish new approaches for rescuing and analyzing loss-of-function substitutions in studies of CoV replication, pathogenesis, and evolution.

Source: 


Link: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mbio.00073-26

____

Saturday, May 2, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 2 '26)

 


    Ann Intern Med

  1. COTTON D
    "Never More Than 15 Feet From the Respirator": Housestaff Research During the 1955 Boston Polio Epidemic.
    Ann Intern Med. 2026 Apr 28. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05440.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Clin Infect Dis

  2. WALLS G, McGrath L, Herdman MT, Campbell AJ, et al
    Patient-reported perceptions, experiences and preferences around intravenous and oral antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a descriptive qualitative study.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 24:ciaf522. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  3. SHAH AB, Lindsey KN, Zambrano LD, Free RJ, et al
    Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), United States, 2023-2024.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag259. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  4. RAMACHANDRAN V, Onukwube Okaro J, Prasad N, Park S, et al
    Epidemiology of Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in 10 U.S. States, 2004-2023.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag284. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  5. SHAH P, Pischel L, Sack B, Km AB, et al
    Air Conditioning, Ventilation, and Respiratory Virus Transmission Potential in South India.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 22:108724. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108724.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. REICH S
    Re: Petersen E, Hviid AP. Inosine pranobex as a treatment of SARS-CoV-2? Int J Infect Dis. 2026.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 24:108736. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108736.
    PubMed        

  7. TERLIESNER N, Lesniowski D, Unterwalder N, von Bernuth H, et al
    RSV as an independent driver of a subsequent influenza epidemic in Berlin before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108741. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108741.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  8. YAO C, Dong Y, Zou X, Alhaskawi A, et al
    Severe acute limb ischemia in patients with COVID-19: a single-center case series.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108740. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108740.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Intensive Care Med

  9. VENKATESAN N, Shah FA, Bain W, Yang Z, et al
    Risk heterogeneity within hypoinflammatory acute respiratory failure: continuous probabilities identify high-risk patients masked by binary classification.
    Intensive Care Med. 2026 Apr 27. doi: 10.1007/s00134-026-08406.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Infect

  10. KIM HK, Jo S, Min KD, Cho SI, et al
    Effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Patients With Cancer: Evidence From a Nationwide Target Trial Emulation.
    J Infect. 2026 Apr 28:106753. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106753.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  11. LARSEN L, Bistrup C, Sorensen SS, Jorgensen CS, et al
    Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Predictive Marker of Serotype-Specific Antibody Response Following the 13-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70949.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  12. WEISS JJ, Messina J, Saullo J, Li Y, et al
    Respiratory Viral Infections Following CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70941.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  13. GUO D, Yu S, Ma K, Tao H, et al
    Concanavalin A targets phylogenetically conserved N-linked glycans on coronavirus spike proteins for broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0167925. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01679.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  14. NASIR A, Lee D, Avena LE, Berrueta DM, et al
    Predictive modeling of immune escape and antigenic grouping of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0022526. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00225.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  15. CHEN L, Su H, Shang W, Nie T, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro mutations T21I and E166A confer differential resistance to simnotrelvir, bofutrelvir, and ensitrelvir.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0222325. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02223.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  16. KOTANI N, Iwasa K, Amimoto T, Yamashita C, et al
    Pseudovirus-mediated proximity labeling identifies candidate host cell membrane proteins involved in viral attachment.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 29:e0050726. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00507.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    JAMA

  17. ANDERER S
    Most US Health Care Workers Vaccinated for Flu, Less Than Half for COVID-19.
    JAMA. 2026 May 1. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.2126.
    PubMed        


    Lancet

  18. SHANKAR-HARI M, Ming D, Mendelson M, Rupali P, et al
    The Lancet Commission on Sepsis: transforming sepsis care and outcomes.
    Lancet. 2026 Apr 22:S0140-6736(26)00648-3. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00648.
    PubMed        


    Science

  19. BOHM R, Schneider A, Betsch C, Lilleholt L, et al
    CDC communication undermines trust in vaccines.
    Science. 2026;392:475-477.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Tuesday, April 28, 2026

Operational #zoonotic #containment of #MERS #coronavirus in #Saudi Arabia: An implementation-oriented #OneHealth genomic #framework

 


Abstract

Background and Aim

Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) remains a persistent zoonotic threat more than a decade after its first detection, with Saudi Arabia continuing to be the global epicenter of human infections and the main reservoir interface through dromedary camels. Despite ongoing surveillance, advances in molecular diagnostics, and research on vaccines and therapeutics, sporadic zoonotic spillovers and healthcare-associated outbreaks still occur, showing that current prevention strategies are still not enough. This review compiles current evidence from epidemiological studies, camel reservoir research, genomic monitoring, and public health reports published between 2012 and April 2025 to identify the key gaps preventing effective containment. Special focus is given to recent genomic discoveries, including post-2022 clade B sublineages, recombination events, and spike protein changes that might affect transmission and the effectiveness of countermeasures. Available data suggest that MERS-CoV epidemiology is driven by repeated camel-to-human transmission, followed by occasional amplification in healthcare settings rather than sustained community spread. High seroprevalence and frequent detection of viral RNA in juvenile camels, seasonal gathering in markets, and extensive animal movement networks contribute to ongoing viral circulation at the animal–human interface. Genomic studies consistently show close phylogenetic relationships between camel and human isolates, confirming recurrent zoonotic transmissions. However, fragmented surveillance systems, delayed genomic data integration, inconsistent biosecurity practices, and limited field evidence for camel vaccination pose major barriers to control. Additionally, hospital outbreaks continue to occur due to delayed diagnosis, overcrowding, and incomplete adherence to infection-prevention protocols, underscoring the need for improved clinical preparedness. Based on the integrated synthesis of epidemiological, veterinary, and genomic evidence, this review proposes an implementation-focused One Health genomic framework tailored to the Saudi context. The proposed roadmap highlights real-time connection of human and camel surveillance, expands genomic sequencing capacity, targets vaccination strategies in camels and high-risk human populations, standardizes biosecurity measures in markets and abattoirs, and strengthens infection control systems in healthcare facilities. Alignment with national governance structures and Saudi Vision 2030 offers a practical pathway for coordinated multi-sectoral action. This review concludes that MERS-CoV is unlikely to be eradicated soon, but it can be effectively managed through a genomics-enabled, operational One Health approach that combines surveillance, vaccination, clinical preparedness, and policy coordination. The model outlined here provides a scalable way to reduce zoonotic spillover risk and strengthen readiness against future coronavirus and emerging zoonotic threats. 

Source: 


Link: https://veterinaryworld.org/Vol.19/March-2026/29.php

____

Saturday, April 25, 2026

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (by AMEDEO, April 25 '26)

 


    Ann Intern Med

  1. FRITZ JM, Skolasky RL, Brennan G, Minick K, et al
    Effectiveness of Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Low Back Pain : A Sequential, Multiple-Assignment, Randomized Trial.
    Ann Intern Med. 2026 Apr 21. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-04645.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Clin Infect Dis

  2. BAKER JV, Siegel L, Losso M, Vasudeva S, et al
    Ensitrelvir for the treatment of hospitalized adults with COVID-19: an international phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial.
    Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 22:ciag272. doi: 10.1093.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    Int J Infect Dis

  3. ZHAO CY, Wang FS, Jiao YM
    SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the immune control status in a male HIV-1 elite controller.
    Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 20:108713. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108713.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Infect

  4. BEHARIER O, Guedalia J, Sehtman-Shachar DR, Kerem L, et al
    Maternal SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Early Child Growth and Development: A Nationwide Cohort Study.
    J Infect. 2026 Apr 17:106749. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106749.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Med Virol

  5. HO SY, Liu YC, Ho SY, Chen SH, et al
    Emergence of Echovirus 11 in Severe and Neonatal Enterovirus Infections: A 9-Year Retrospective Study in Taiwan Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70929.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  6. AVILA JP, Park P, Singh Y, Amaral PP, et al
    Multiorgan Molecular Landscape of Severe COVID-19 Revealed by Consensus Gene Signatures and RAB8B Targeting.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70932.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  7. KESKIN S, Pavel STI, Sak R, Bahadori F, et al
    Modified mRNA Encoding the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Confers Robust Protection Against Lethal Challenge in Mice.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70940.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    J Virol

  8. SALISCH F, Muller-Ruttloff C
    Behind the membranous curtain-lipid dynamics and functions in coronaviral replication.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 21:e0175325. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01753.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  9. YANG M, Zhao Y, Guo W, Wang L, et al
    Development of a vaccine based on mRNA assembly of PEDV virus-like particle.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 21:e0206025. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02060.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  10. ZHANG K, Wang S, Kang X, Li F, et al
    Swine GBP1 restricts PDCoV replication via disrupting the replication and transcription complex formation.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 21:e0020726. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00207.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  11. ZHAO J, Tian J, Zhang L, Li Y, et al
    Coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus spike protein inhibits FUNDC1-mediated mitophagy to prevent nucleocapsid protein degradation.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 20:e0180025. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01800.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  12. MU S, Bai Y, Qiu R, Zhang F, et al
    Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus nucleocapsid protein targets RIG-I and IRF3 to evade IFN immunity.
    J Virol. 2026 Mar 30:e0211225. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02112.
    PubMed         Abstract available

  13. ZHANG X, Li Y, Yuan J, Li Q, et al
    Metformin hydrochloride regulates glycolysis and inhibits PEDV replication by inhibition of PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0014726.
    PubMed         Abstract available


    JAMA

  14. LEFF B, Siu A, DeCherrie LV, Levine DM, et al
    Hospital at Home and Transforming US Health Care Delivery.
    JAMA. 2026 Apr 23. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.4791.
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