ETIDIOH - NEW

Highlights •  Phylogenetic analysis of genotype B3.13 and D1.1 across the species. •  Mutations on the receptor binding sites related to receptor preferring. •  Host adaptability differences between B3.13 and D1.1. •  Antivirals resistance mutations emergence of genotype B3.13 and D1.1. Abstract The recent report of the first fatality associated with infection by influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b, identified as genotype D1.1, which is distinct from the B3.13 genotype, has sparked fears of a potential human pandemic . However, the genetic relationships between B3.13 and D1.1, as well as their origins, host adaptability, and antiviral resistance, remain poorly understood . Here we conducted a comprehensive phylogenetic and comparative analysis of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b across multiple species , in order to identify the molecular characteristics and frequency of resistance mutations in these two genotypes, elucidate their evolutionary trajectories , and assess their impl...

Abstract Zoonotic diseases have received significantly more attention over the last few decades , emerging with increasing frequency and causing the majority of notable disease outbreaks in this century, including the COVID-19 pandemic . As human activities and shifting climate patterns induce changes in the environment that alter habitat and range of reservoir species , the potential for human and animal interactions will increase and enhance the opportunity for spillover . Thus, any emergency response preparedness planning must take into account the function and coordination of agencies across the sectors of human, animal and environmental health. Within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania a table-top exercise was performed to evaluate a multi-agency response during a hypothetical zoonotic disease investigation. The exercise was evaluated by the participants to gain feedback on the overall process and lessons learned. Here, we describe the tabletop exercise scenario and the insights gai...

One red fox in Sachsen and one in Nordrhein-Westfalen States. Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6398 ____

Since near-Earth asteroid 2024 YR4 was first discovered in December 2024 , NASA and the worldwide planetary defense community have continued to observe the asteroid, which was ruled out as a significant impact risk to Earth . New infrared observations from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope have decreased the uncertainty of the asteroid’s size and 2024 YR4 is now estimated to be 174-220 feet (53-67 meters), about the size of a 10-story building. The previous size estimate of 131-295 feet (40-90 meters) was derived from visible light measurements from ground-based telescopes.   (...) Experts at NASA’s Center for Near Earth Object Studies at the agency’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory have updated 2024 YR4’s chance of impacting the Moon on Dec. 22, 2032 from 1.7% as of late February to 3.8% based on the Webb data and observations from ground-based telescopes. There is still a 96.2% chance that the asteroid will miss the Moon. In the small chance that the asteroid were to impact, it would n...

{Excerpt} (...) Samples of a two-year-old girl from Palnadu district’s Narasaraopeta , who died of multi-organ failure at AIIMS-Mangalagiri on March 16, tested positive for H5N1 virus. The confirmation from National Institute of Virology (NIV-Pune) came on March 31. (...) Source: The Hindu,  https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/ap-reports-first-human-death-owing-to-h5n1-virus/article69403347.ece ____