#Gene flow and its sporadic #spillover: #H10 and #N5 avian #influenza viruses from wild #birds and the #H10N5 #human cases in #China
Abstract On 30 January 2024, China announced the first human case of H10N5 influenza infection . Prior to this, human cases of H10N7 and H10N8 had been reported. It is now appropriate to re-examine the evolution and future epidemiological trends of the H10 and N5 subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs). In this study, we analyzed the reassortment characteristics of the first human-derived H10N5 AIV (A/Zhejiang/ZJU01/2023), as well as the evolutionary dynamics of the wild bird-derived H10 and N5 subtypes of AIVs over the past decade. Our findings indicate that the human-derived H10N5 AIV exhibited low pathogenicity . A/bean_goose/Korea/KNU-10/2022(H10N7) and A/mallard/Novosibirsk_region/962k/2018(H12N5) were identified as the potential reassortment parents. The virus has existed since 2022 and several isolations have been reported in Bangladesh . Phylogenetic analysis showed that H10Ny and HxN5 AIVs in China are clustered differently based on the East Asian-Australian (eastern) and C...