Abstract Influenza A viruses (IAVs) evolve rapidly, exhibit zoonotic potential , and frequently adapt to new hosts , often establishing long-term reservoirs. Despite advancements in genetic sequencing and phylogenetic classification , current influenza nomenclature systems remain static, failing to capture evolving epidemiological patterns . This rigidity has led to delays or misinterpretations in public health responses , economic disruptions, and confusion in scientific communication. The existing nomenclature does not adequately reflect real-time transmission dynamics or host adaptations, limiting its usefulness for public health management. The 2009 H1N1 pandemic exemplified these limitations, as it was mischaracterized as “swine flu” despite sustained human-to-human transmission and no direct pig-to-human transmission reported. This review proposes a real-time, transmission-informed nomenclature system that prioritizes host adaptation and sustained transmissibility (R0 > 1) to ...
Media Monitoring for Signals about Emerging Threats