ETIDIOH - NEW

  Am J Respir Crit Care Med BALTE PP, Kim JS, Sun Y, Allen N, et al Associations of Pre-Pandemic Lung Function and Structure with COVID-19 Outcomes: The C4R Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025 Apr 16. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202408-1656. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res KELLY JA, Aida-Ficken V, McMullan LK, Chatterjee P, et al Mechanisms of action of repurposed Ebola virus antivirals - the roles of phospholipidosis and cholesterol homeostasis. Antiviral Res. 2025 Apr 15:106167. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106167. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis MESSCHENDORP AL, Zaeck LM, Bouwmans P, van den Broek DAJ, et al Replacing Mycophenolate Mofetil by Everolimus in Kidney Transplant Recipients to Increase Vaccine Immunogenicity: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 15:ciaf107. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           ...

Abstract Circulating bat coronaviruses present a significant pandemic threat, yet our  understanding of  their genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics remains limited.  Over 3 years, we sampled  1,462 bats in Cambodia’s Steung Treng province,  identifying extensive and diverse  coronaviruses co-circulation. Using  metatranscriptomic and amplicon sequencing, we  generated 33 complete  sarbecovirus genomes, revealing novel lineages that cluster into four  distinct  groups, each associated with different Rhinolophus bat species. Our analysis  highlights rapid migration and recombination of sarbecovirus lineages over  short distances  and timescales. Of note, the receptor-binding domains of two novel  viral groups exhibit high  similarity to SARS-CoV-2, and pseudovirus assays  confirmed the ability of this spike protein  to mediate entry into cells expressing  human ACE2, suggesting a potentia...

Abstract SARS-like betacoronaviruses (sarbecoviruses) endemic in bats pose a significant zoonotic threat to humans . Genetic pathways associated with spillover of bat sarbecoviruses into humans are incompletely understood. We previously showed that the WT spike of the rhinolophid bat coronavirus SHC014 -CoV has poor entry activity and uncovered two distinct genetic pathways outside the receptor-binding domain (RBD) that increased spike opening, ACE2 binding , and cell entry. Herein, we show that the widely studied bat sarbecovirus WIV1-CoV is likely a cell culture-adapted variant of Rs3367-CoV, which was sequenced from the same population of rhinolophid bats as SHC014-CoV. We demonstrate that the acquisition of a single amino-acid substitution in the ‘630-loop’ of the S1 subunit was the key spike adaptation event during the successful isolation of WIV1-CoV, and that it enhances spike opening, virus-receptor recognition, and cell entry in much the same manner as the substitutions we pre...

  Br J Anaesth GILLIS C, Hasil L, Keane C, Brassard D, et al A multimodal prehabilitation class for Enhanced Recovery After Surgery: a pragmatic randomised type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. Br J Anaesth. 2025 Apr 7:S0007-0912(25)00153-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2025. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis IOANNOU GN, Berry K, Rajeevan N, Li Y, et al Target Trial Emulation of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Versus No Infection and Risk of Post-Coronavirus Disease 2019 Conditions in the Omicron Variant Versus Prior Eras. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 10:ciaf087. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis JOLLIVET O, Urchueguia-Fornes A, Chung-Delgado K, Johannesen CK, et al Respiratory Syncytial Virus hospitalisation burden in children below 18 years in six European countries (2016-2023) pre- and post-COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Infect Dis...

  Ann Intern Med DACSO CC Coadministration of RSV + influenza or COVID-19 vaccines was noninferior to separate administration for immune responses in adults aged >/=50 y. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Apr 1. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-00904. PubMed           Abstract available AMAN M, Jeevananthan A, Martinez-Cruz M, Namasingh N, et al Endocrinology: What You May Have Missed in 2024. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Apr 1. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-00990. PubMed           Abstract available HAMED HKA, Nachman A, Riopel N, Schuster M, et al Infectious Diseases: What You May Have Missed in 2024. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Apr 1. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-00925. PubMed           Abstract available CORONADO GD, Petrik AF, Thompson JH, Leo MC, et al Patient Navigation to Improve Colonoscopy Completion After an Abnormal Stool Test Result : A Randomized Controlled Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Apr 1. doi: ...

  Ann Intern Med GRANWEHR BP CBT and rehabilitation improved long COVID symptoms. Ann Intern Med. 2025;178:JC28. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ WISE J Covid-19: Inquiry hears of doctors' lack of confidence in PPE as ministers defend VIP lane. BMJ. 2025;388:r584. PubMed          Clin Infect Dis ALLAN-BLITZ LT, Klausner JD Shifting the Focus in Acute SARS-CoV-2 Management to Include Prevention of Long-COVID. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 26:ciaf158. doi: 10.1093. PubMed          Emerg Infect Dis SANDER B, Mishra S, Swayze S, Sahakyan Y, et al Population-Based Matched Cohort Study of COVID-19 Healthcare Costs, Ontario, Canada. Emerg Infect Dis. 2025;31:710-719. PubMed           Abstract available Intensive Care Med BIHLMAIER K, Willam C, Herbst L, Hackstein H, et al Rapid clinical effects of convalescent plasma therapy in severe COV...

Highlights The current review highlights the following major findings from the literature. 1.The genomic control of pathogenic properties of murine β-coronavirus. 2.Plausible mechanism of virus-induced neuroinflammatory demyelination and axonal loss. 3.Spike protein as a major determinant of MHV-induced neuropathogenesis. 4.The minimal essential motif in fusion peptide responsible for neuropathogenesis. 5.mCoV research sheds light on hCoV neuropathogenesis and helps design anti-virals. Abstract Coronaviruses have emerged as a significant challenge to human health . While earlier outbreaks of coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV posed serious threats , the recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has heightened interest in coronavirus research due to its pulmonary pathology , in addition to its neurological manifestations . In addition, the patients who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection show long-term symptoms such as anosmia, brain fog and long COVID. A major hurdle in studying these v...

  Ann Intern Med Correction: Anticoagulation Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Mar 18. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-00916. PubMed          Antiviral Res SAFIRIYU AA, Hussain A, Dewangan N, Kasle G, et al The fusion peptide of the spike protein S2 domain may be a mimetic analog of beta-coronaviruses and serve as a novel virus-host membrane fusion inhibitor. Antiviral Res. 2025 Mar 16:106144. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106144. PubMed           Abstract available XU M, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Mai H, et al Corrigendum to "IgA class switching enhances neutralizing potency against SARS-CoV-2 by increased antibody hinge flexibility" [Antiv. Res. (2025) 106082]. Antiviral Res. 2025 Mar 20:106146. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106146. PubMed          Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol ZUREIK A, Couturier A, Delcourt C Evolution of ophthalmological care in adult with ...

Abstract Infections caused by endemic viruses , and the vaccines used to control them, often provide cross-protection against related viruses. This cross-protection has the potential to alter the transmission dynamics and likelihood of emergence of novel zoonotic viruses with pandemic potential. Here, we investigate how changes in population immunity after the COVID-19 pandemic have impacted the likelihood of emergence of a novel sarbecovirus , termed SARS-CoV-X. We show that sera from patients with different COVID-19 immunological histories possess cross-neutralising antibodies against the spike (S) protein of multiple zoonotic sarbecoviruses . Mathematical simulations using these viruses show a significant reduction in their likelihood of emergence in populations with current levels of SARS-CoV-2 natural and vaccine-derived immunity, with the outcome determined by the extent of cross-protection and the R_0 of the novel virus. We also show that preventative vaccination programs agains...

  Am J Obstet Gynecol TAN YY, Loy EXH, Tan WZ, Tay AT, et al Long COVID-19 in pregnancy: increased risk but modest incidence following mild Omicron infection in a boosted obstetric cohort during endemicity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Mar 10:S0002-9378(25)00147. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ IACOBUCCI G Covid-19: Gove tried to "circumvent" regulations to buy Dyson ventilators, inquiry hears. BMJ. 2025;388:r502. PubMed          Clin Infect Dis BARTOLETTI M, Mozaffari E, Amin AN, Doi Y, et al A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of remdesivir to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients: have the guidelines evolved with the evidence? Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 11:ciaf111. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available COX SN, Roychoudhury P, Frivold C, Acker Z, et al Household Transmission and Genomic Diversity of Respiratory Syn...

Significance To date, no study has investigated the relationships between air pollutants and the progression of COVID-19 , nor the potential role of genetic susceptibility on the associations. This large population-based cohort study investigates the associations between air pollutants and genetic susceptibility, both individually and in combination, with the risk of COVID-19-related outcomes. It involves 458,396 participants from UK Biobank and demonstrates that air pollutants interact with host genetic susceptibility in both multiplicative and additive manners, thereby influencing the risk of COVID-19 severity. This study with cutting-edge methods provides robust evidence for the interplay between environmental and genetic factors on COVID-19 outcomes. Abstract The relationships between air pollution, genetic susceptibility, and COVID-19-related outcomes, as well as the potential interplays between air pollution and genetic susceptibility, remain largely unexplored. The Cox proportio...

  Antiviral Res PADEY B, Droillard C, Duliere V, Fouret J, et al Host-targeted repurposed diltiazem enhances the antiviral activity of direct acting antivirals against Influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2. Antiviral Res. 2025 Mar 4:106138. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106138. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis BULLOCK A, Dalton AF, Stockwell MS, McLaren SH, et al Ongoing Symptoms After Acute SARS-CoV-2 or Influenza Infection in a Case-Ascertained Household Transmission Study: 7 US Sites, 2021-2023. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 26:ciaf026. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available SWARTWOOD NA, Cohen T, Marks SM, Hill AN, et al Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on TB outcomes in the United States: a Bayesian analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 27:ciaf092. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Emerg Infect Dis BI K, Bandekar SR, Bouchni...

ABSTRACT The evolution of the antibody response to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is impacted by the nature and number of antigenic exposures . First-generation coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines encoded an ancestral spike protein . Updated bivalent vaccines and breakthrough infections have shaped the intricate diversity of the polyclonal antibody response and specificity of individual antibody clones. We and others previously showed that bivalent vaccines containing the ancestral and Omicron (BA.5) spikes induce high levels of cross-reactive antibodies but undetectable BA.5-specific antibodies in serum. Here, we assessed sera collected before as well as 1 and 3 months following administration of an updated XBB.1.5 monovalent vaccine to individuals with diverse infection and vaccination histories. Vaccination increased neutralization against recent variants of concern , including HV.1, JN.1 , and the vaccine-homologous XBB.1.5. Antibody bindi...

  Am J Respir Crit Care Med KERWIN E, Yang T, Su N, Guo J, et al Rademikibart Treatment for Moderate-to-Severe, Uncontrolled Asthma: A Phase 2B Randomized Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 25. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202409-1708. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res BRUN J, Arman BY, Hill ML, Kiappes JL, et al Assessment of repurposed compounds against coronaviruses highlights the antiviral broad-spectrum activity of host-targeting iminosugars and confirms the activity of potent directly acting antivirals. Antiviral Res. 2025 Feb 23:106123. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106123. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ MACINTYRE CR, Chughtai AA, Kunasekaran M, Tawfiq E, et al The role of masks and respirators in preventing respiratory infections in healthcare and community settings. BMJ. 2025;388:e078573. PubMed           Abstract avai...