ETIDIOH - NEW

  Antiviral Res ZHANG J, Deng S, Zhang M, Wu X, et al Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection activates SREBP2 and induces RORgamma expression to enhance cholesterol biosynthesis and virus replication. Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar 6:106391. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106391. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis KHADER K, Haroldsen C, Stevens V, Visnovsky L, et al Estimating changes in facility MRSA infection rates due to changes in MRSA precaution policy. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Mar 13:ciag176. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis LUGTU EJ, Iv DYP, Cabunoc MH, Bautista JL, et al Prevalence of Post-COVID Symptoms Across Variants of Concern and Follow-up Periods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Mar 10:108522. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108522. PubMed           Abstract available TANG X, Memedi M,...

  Ann Intern Med LIM SY, Lee J, Chang E, Kwon JS, et al Neither Metformin nor Ursodeoxycholic Acid Effectively Treats Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 : A Randomized Clinical Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Mar 3. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-04883. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res ZUO X, Xiao X, Dong X, Wang J, et al Direct-acting antivirals and beyond: emerging approaches to targeting viral RNA and ribonucleoprotein complexes. Antiviral Res. 2026;249:106383. PubMed           Abstract available RUDRAMURTHY GR, Gudla CS, Harisha R, Selvam V, et al FNDR-11124, a broad-spectrum small molecule inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase, restricts replication of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar 2:106382. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106382. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis RIERA MT, Prato R, Perez-Rubio A, Ec...

  Am J Respir Crit Care Med MENDEZ R, Gonzalez-Jimenez P, Latorre A, Piqueras M, et al The Long-term Pneumonia Mortality Index. An International Multicenter Derivation and Validation Study for Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026 Feb 21:aamag060. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available GAERTNER VD, Ramin-Wright L, Waldmann AD, Belting C, et al The first breaths after birth-early lung function in healthy term infants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026 Jan 30:aamag008. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Ann Intern Med QASEEM A, Obley AJ, Harrod CS, Wilt TJ, et al COVID-19 Vaccines for 2025-2026 in Adults Who Are Not Pregnant or Immunocompromised: Rapid Practice Points From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Feb 24. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05026. PubMed           Abstract available Ann...

  ABSTRACT In this study, the infection dynamics, replication, and pathogenicity of a recombinant virus containing a deletion of ORF6 (rWA1ΔORF6) on the backbone of the highly virulent SARS-CoV-2 WA1 virus (rWA1) were investigated and compared to the parental rWA1 virus. While both rWA1 and rWA1ΔORF6 viruses replicated efficiently in cultured cells , the rWA1ΔORF6 virus produced smaller plaques, suggesting reduced cell-to-cell spread. Luciferase reporter assays revealed immune-suppressing effects of ORF6 on interferon (IFN) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathways. Pathogenesis assessment in cats revealed that animals inoculated with rWA1 were lethargic and presented with fever on days 2 and 4 post-infection (pi), whereas rWA1ΔORF6-inoculated animals developed subclinical infection . Additionally, animals inoculated with rWA1ΔORF6 presented reduced infectious virus shedding in nasal and oral secretions and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid when compared with the rWA1-inocu...

  ABSTRACT The ease with which emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants escape neutralizing antibodies limits the protection afforded by a prior exposure , be it infection or vaccination. While rare, broadly neutralizing antibodies with activity toward diverse sarbecoviruses have been detected in convalescent serum . Motivated by findings that plasma responses show increased neutralization breadth and potency with continued antigen exposure , we isolated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) after a SARS-CoV-2 re-infection and compared them to those isolated 1 year prior, after the first breakthrough infection. Among clonal lineage members identified at both time points, mAbs from the later time point showed improved neutralization potency and breadth . One mAb isolated after re-infection, C68.490, targets a conserved region in the receptor binding domain and shows remarkable activity not only against SARS-CoV-2 variants, but also diverse sarbecoviruses from more distant clades present in animal reserv...

  Antiviral Res LIU Q, Tang B, Xuan X, Wang H, et al The potential of leritrelvir repositioning for the treatment of coxsackievirus B4 and common enterovirus infections. Antiviral Res. 2026 Feb 16:106367. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106367. PubMed           Abstract available Emerg Infect Dis KASAI M, Sakuma H, Suzuki M, Nishiyama M, et al Life-Threatening SARS-CoV-2-Associated Encephalopathy and Multiorgan Failure in Children, Asia and Oceania, 2022-2024. Emerg Infect Dis. 2026;32:169-179. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis MA Q, Yao L, Ding H, Tian W, et al SARS-CoV-2 Variant Specific Protective Immunity and Long-term Immune Recovery in People Living With HIV: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Feb 16:108491. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108491. PubMed           Abstract available J Med Virol EXPRESSION OF CONCERN: Resistance-As...

  Antiviral Res HEDSKOG C, Rodriguez L, Hu Y, Li J, et al SARS-CoV-2 Resistance Analyses From the Phase 3 BIRCH Study of Obeldesivir in High-Risk Nonhospitalized Participants With COVID-19. Antiviral Res. 2026 Jan 19:106351. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106351. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ HIGGS J Help me piece my story together. BMJ. 2026;392:r2624. PubMed          RUSSELL MD, Schaffer A, Bechman K, Gibson M, et al Time trends in newly recorded diagnoses of 19 long term conditions before, during, and after the covid-19 pandemic: population based cohort study in England using OpenSAFELY. BMJ. 2026;392:e086393. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis WINOKUR P, Diya O, Fitz-Patrick D, Dever M, et al Safety and Immunogenicity of a Fourth Dose of Omicron-BA.1-Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccines in Adults 18?55 Years Old. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 21...

  BMJ MARTIN DS, Doidge JC, Gould D, Shahid T, et al The impact of skin tone on performance of pulse oximeters used by NHS England COVID Oximetry @home scheme: measurement and diagnostic accuracy study. BMJ. 2026;392:e085535. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis AMODIO E, Aiello R, Battisti M, Casuccio A, et al Past Behavior Predicts Future Protection: Uncovering Key Drivers of Influenza Vaccine Acceptance in Italy in the Post-Pandemic Era. Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 8:108379. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108379. PubMed           Abstract available SEO G, Joo H, Song K, Kim M, et al Static and Dynamic Scoring Systems for Post-acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 in a Korean Cohort. Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 9:108378. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108378. PubMed           Abstract available PIOVESAN C, Fabiani M, Pezzotti P, Ramigni M, et al Mortality for causes un...

  BMJ FLINDERS M, Cairney P, Elliott IC Delivering change after the UK covid inquiry. BMJ. 2026;392:s18. PubMed          YAMEY G, Shaffer J Trump and RFK Jr are dismantling public health-aided and abetted by powerful doctors. BMJ. 2026;392:s19. PubMed          Clin Infect Dis RAO A, Johnson L, Bassit L, Sullivan J, et al Independent Testing to Accelerate the Development of Lateral Flow Assays for Influenza A, Influenza B and SARS-COV-2. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 9:ciaf660. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available WANG XF, Calabrese C, Calabrese L Target Trial Emulation of Oral Antivirals for B-Cell-Depleted COVID-19 Patients-Reply to Chen et al. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Jan 9:ciaf718. doi: 10.1093. PubMed          PURPURA L, Heisler T, Palmer S, Shah J, et al Overlapping Clinical Presentation of Long COVID and Postacute COVID-19 Vacc...

  Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol LI Q, Novosad S, Rha B, Hua H, et al Trends of bloodstream infection incidence rates among patients on outpatient hemodialysis, National Healthcare Safety Network, 2012-2021. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2025 Dec 18:1-7. doi: 10.1017/ice.2025. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis CHOI WS, Kim KH, Kim DS, Lee SH, et al Increased 30-day Mortality Risk in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Compared to Seasonal Influenza. Int J Infect Dis. 2025 Dec 17:108312. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108312. PubMed           Abstract available RODGERS MA, Averhoff F, Berg MG, Anderson M, et al Robust mission-driven responses to infectious disease threats delivered by the Abbott pandemic defense coalition. Int J Infect Dis. 2026;162:108162. PubMed           Abstract available J Med Virol WU Y, Yang C, Wei X, Xiao T, et al Albendazole Suppresses S...

  ABSTRACT Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes a highly lethal respiratory infection for which no vaccines or antiviral therapeutics are currently available . Understanding the immune response is critical for designing effective therapeutics . Here, we comprehensively characterized the dynamics of B-cell responses in severely infected MERS-CoV patients and survivors with SARS-CoV-2 exposure history . Infected patients developed robust neutralizing antibody responses within 1 month of illness , with moderate-to-high cross-neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 . The enhanced neutralization activity coincided with an increased abundance of specific mutated, class-switched IgG clones. Notably, one such clone was detected at moderate prevalence in both patients, and its expansion was accompanied by high neutralization activity against both viruses . Conversely, MERS-CoV survivors demonstrated higher neutralization activity against MERS-CoV after vaccinati...

  Clin Infect Dis BIEBELBERG B, Chen T, McKenna C, Kanjilal S, et al Associations between antibiotic use and outcomes in patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia and positive respiratory viral assays. Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Dec 11:ciaf687. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Emerg Infect Dis BRAUNFELD JB, Traub E, Chiou H, Amoon AT, et al Community-Driven, Text Message-Based COVID-19 Surveillance System, Los Angeles County, California, USA, 2020-2024. Emerg Infect Dis. 2025;31:2109-2117. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis LI H, LiuPhD J, Fang Q, Li Z, et al Pathogen-specific immunity debt in children after prolonged nonpharmaceutical interventions: a cross-sectional study in China. Int J Infect Dis. 2025 Dec 3:108278. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.108278. PubMed           Abstract available JIANG Z, Shan T, Li Y, Han F, et ...

  Abstract SARS-CoV-2 rapidly adapts to new hosts following cross-species transmission; this is highly relevant as unique within-host variants have emerged following infection of susceptible wild and domestic animal species . Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals (e.g., white-tailed deer, mink, domestic cats, and others) back to humans has been observed , documenting the potential of animal-derived variants to infect humans. Here, we investigate SARS-CoV-2 evolution and host-specific adaptation during an outbreak in Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica), African lions (Panthera leo), and spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta) at Denver Zoo in 2021 . SARS-CoV-2 genomes from longitudinal samples from 16 individuals are evaluated for within-host variation and genomic signatures of selection, and we determine that the outbreak was likely initiated by a single spillover of a rare Delta sublineage . Within-host virus populations rapidly expand and diversify, and we detect signature...

  Am J Respir Crit Care Med SARMA A, Christenson SA, Shoshana BZ, Oliveira AP, et al Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Molecular Phenotypes Have Distinct Lower Respiratory Tract Transcriptomes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2025;211:2352-2362. PubMed           Abstract available Ann Intern Med SOUMARE A, Kapfer T, Botrel T, Adda L, et al Systemic Corticosteroids, Mortality, and Infections in Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Dec 2. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-03055. PubMed           Abstract available BMJ LOGAN M FDA claims 10 child deaths caused by covid-19 vaccine, vows to tighten vaccine approvals. BMJ. 2025;391:r2546. PubMed          Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol NEO YN, Martinez-Alvarez L, Davagnanam I, Girafa G, et al Treatment of post-vaccination optic neuritis: implications from the glob...

  ABSTRACT The secondary thrombotic/vascular clinical syndrome of COVID-19 suggests that SARS-CoV-2 infects the endothelium ; however, robust in vitro infection of endothelial cells by various strains of SARS-CoV-2 remains to be demonstrated and continues to be debated. Here, we revisit the question of endothelial cell permissiveness to SARS-CoV-2 using isolated endothelial cells ( from the lung, aorta, and endothelial cell progenitors ), and additionally, to overcome limitations associated with cultured cells , using native endothelial cells within living precision cut human lung slices and single-cell RNA sequencing to track viral presence. Cellular infection in endothelial monocultures was determined using fluorescence imaging. Mediator release was measured by ELISA, and gene expression was assessed by RT-qPCR. Infection in lung slices was determined using single-cell RNA sequencing, capturing molecular identifiers that aligned to the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome (for lung slices). E...