ETIDIOH - NEW

{Excerpt} Situation at a glance As of 18 April 2025, a total of 2318 measles cases , including three deaths , have been confirmed in six countries in the WHO Region of the Americas , an 11-fold increase compared to the same period in 2024 .  The majority of cases have occurred among people between 1 to 29 years , who are either unvaccinated or have an unknown vaccination status .  Additionally, most cases are imported or linked to importation.  Measles is a highly contagious, airborne viral disease that can lead to severe complications and death.  Although it is preventable with two doses of the vaccine, over 22 million children worldwide did not receive their first dose of the vaccine in 2023. This has contributed to a global rise in measles cases in 2024, which heightens the risk of imported infections, particularly from unvaccinated travellers arriving from areas where the virus is actively circulating.  WHO is working closely with countries in the WHO Region...

Abstract We performed serologic surveillance for selected arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) in bats and opossums in the Lacandona Rainforest, Chiapas, Mexico , in 2023–2024. Sera were collected from 94 bats of at least 15 species and 43 opossums of three species. The sera were assayed by the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for antibodies to eight orthoflaviviruses ( dengue viruses 1–4, St. Louis encephalitis virus , T’Ho virus, West Nile virus, and Zika virus ) and one alphavirus (chikungunya virus; CHIKV). Twelve (12.8%) bats and 15 (34.9%) opossums contained orthoflavivirus-specific antibodies . One bat (a Jamaican fruit bat) was seropositive for Zika virus , and 11 bats contained antibodies to an undetermined orthoflavivirus , as did the 15 opossums. All bats and most opossums seropositive for an undetermined orthoflavivirus had low PRNT titers, possibly because they had been infected with another (perhaps unrecognized) orthoflavivirus not included in the PRNTs. Anti...

  Situation at a glance On 2 April 2025, the International Health Regulations (IHR) National Focal Point (NFP) for Mexico notified the World Health Organization (WHO) of the country’s first laboratory-confirmed human infection with an avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in the state of Durango .  In response, local and national health authorities have implemented a range of measures to monitor, prevent, and control the situation.  There have been reports of A(H5N1) outbreaks in birds in Durango , although the exact source of infection in this case remains under investigation .  To date, no further cases of human infection with influenza A(H5N1) linked to this case have been identified.  In accordance with the IHR (2005), any human infection caused by a new influenza A virus subtype is considered a potentially significant public health event and is subject to mandatory notification to WHO.  Based on the information currently available on this and previous cases, W...

{Automatic translation. Edited.}  www.gob.mx/salud The Ministry of Health reports the death of the first human case of avian influenza A (H5N1) in Mexico .  It is reported that a three-year-old girl diagnosed with avian influenza A(H5N1) and a resident of Durango died today at 1:35 a.m. due to respiratory complications resulting from the infection.  It is a viral disease that affects birds (wild and domestic), mammals and occasionally humans.  Local, state, and federal health, environmental, and agricultural authorities continue prevention and control measures within the context of One Health. So far, 38 human contacts of the case have been sampled, all of which have tested negative .  No additional human cases have been identified, and the risk of further cases is considered low.  X:  @SSalud_mx   Source: Ministry of Health,  https://www.gob.mx/salud/prensa/secretaria-de-salud-informa-la-defuncion-del-primer-caso-humano-de-influenza-avi...

{Auto translated} www.gob.mx/salud The Ministry of Health reports the detection of the first human case of avian influenza A (H5N1) in Mexico .  The case occurred in a three-year-old girl residing in the state of Durango . On April 1 , the Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference (InDRE) confirmed the result of influenza A ( H5N1 ). The patient initially received treatment with oseltamivir and is currently hospitalized in a tertiary care unit in the city of Torreón, where her condition is reported to be serious .  Once the case was confirmed , the following actions were immediately implemented:  -- Notification to the World Health Organization, in accordance with the protocol established for this purpose in the International Health Regulations.  Health -- Health personnel from the Durango and Coahuila Health Services were trained in relation to the National Guide for the preparation, prevention and response to a zoonotic influenza outbreak or event at the...

Abstract In April 2024, the Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias of Mexico City identified a case of unsubtypeable Influenza A in a 58-year-old immunocompromised patient with renal failure due to diabetic nephropathy and bacterial peritonitis. Through sequencing the M, NS, NA, NP, and HA complete segments, we identified an H5N2 influenza virus with identity of 99% with avian influenza A(H5N2) from Texcoco, Mexico, in 2024. This case is the first reported with direct evidence of human infection caused by the H5N2 influenza virus; the relationship of the virus with the severity of his condition remains unknown. Source: Viruses,  https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/17/2/205 _____