ETIDIOH - NEW

{Summary} Situation at a glance On 26 April 2025, the Ministry of Health (MoH) of Uganda declared the end of the Sudan virus disease (SVD) outbreak after two consecutive incubation periods (a total of 42 days) since the last person confirmed with SVD tested negative for the virus on 14 March 2025.  A total of 14 SVD cases (including 12 confirmed cases and two probable cases) including four deaths (two confirmed and two probable) have been reported during this outbreak.  WHO and partners provided technical , operational and financial support to the government to contain the outbreak.  Although the outbreak has been declared over , health authorities are maintaining surveillance to rapidly identify and respond to any re-emergence.  Risk communication and community engagement will also continue to ensure the community stay informed and stigma to those who were affected is minimized. (...) Source: World Health Organization,  https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-o...

Abstract Exaggerated inflammation and cytokine storm are hallmark features of influenza A virus (IAV)-induced respiratory diseases. While previous studies unequivocally demonstrated the pathophysiological consequences (multiorgan failure) of IAV-associated cytokine storm, it remains unknown if IAV-induced systemic inflammation impacts the fitness and differentiation of immune cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Our data on lethal IAV-infected C57BL/6 wildtype mice after 10 days of infection indicated reduced monocyte- and lymphocyte- counts in the peripheral blood, and overall cellularity of spleen, thymus and lymph nodes . IAV- infection resulted in increased numbers of myeloid cells, CD8+ T cells, alveolar macrophages (AVMs), CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) & plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), whereas decreased frequencies of CD103+ DCs, in the lungs of IAV-infected mice. Analysis of spleen and draining lymph nodes indicated reduced absolute numbers of B cells, T cells, monocytes and ...

  Am J Obstet Gynecol THEL H, Latour CD, Tsevat D, Dissanayake M, et al Prevalence of male and female permanent contraception and long-acting reversible contraceptives among commercially insured US population, 2010-2022. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Apr 18:S0002-9378(25)00230. PubMed          KEULS RA, Ochsner SA, O'Neill MB, O'Day DR, et al Single-nucleus transcriptional profiling of the placenta reveals the syncytiotrophoblast stress response to COVID-19. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2025;232. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis BERENDS MS, Homburg M, Kupers T, Meijer EN, et al Impact of Pre-Existing Comorbidities and Multimorbidities, Demography and Viral Variants on Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 ('Long COVID') in Dutch Primary Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int J Infect Dis. 2025 Apr 19:107912. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2025.107912. PubMed           Abstract...

  Antiviral Res ZHU Y, Gao Z, Feng X, Hu Y, et al Comprehensive preclinical characterization of IPB29, a pan-coronavirus fusion inhibitor under clinical trials. Antiviral Res. 2025;237:106154. PubMed           Abstract available BONNEUX B, Ceconi M, Stobbelaar K, Herschke F, et al Insights in the RSV L polymerase function and structure. Antiviral Res. 2025;237:106148. PubMed           Abstract available BRUN J, Arman BY, Hill ML, Kiappes JL, et al Assessment of repurposed compounds against coronaviruses highlights the antiviral broad-spectrum activity of host-targeting iminosugars and confirms the activity of potent directly acting antivirals. Antiviral Res. 2025 Feb 23:106123. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106123. PubMed           Abstract available ZIAN D, Iaconis D, Nenci S, Crusco A, et al The Efficiency of High-Throughput Screening (HTS) and in-silico data an...

Abstract Recent intercontinental spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) among kept and wild birds and transmission to mammalian hosts , including cattle and humans has heightened the need to review public health risk assessments . Biosecurity is essential for limiting disease spread, but how widely practices are implemented is not fully known. Here, we report on the uptake of biosecurity measures using questionnaire data collected in 2024 from people in contact with birds in the UK (Avian Contact Study). Almost half of the sample were poultry farmers (104/225). We found hand washing after contact with birds was the most common biosecurity measure implemented (89%, 196/218), followed by using disinfecting footwear dips (78%, 170/218). Individuals in contact with a higher number of birds were more likely to use at least one PPE measure for the face or body (χ^2 (1, n=217) = 32.452, p<0.001) or at least one footwear-related PPE measure (Df=1, n=217, p<0.001), ind...

Abstract High pathogenicity avian influenza virus of subtype H5 (H5 HPAIV), clade 2.3.4.4b, invaded Antarctica in 2023 . Here we show that H5 HPAIV caused high mortality in a breeding colony of skuas at one of ten sites we visited in March 2024. By combined virological and pathological analyses, we found that H5 HPAIV caused multi-organ necrosis and rapid death in skuas . Taken together with recent data, skuas in Antarctica are at risk of continued mortality from H5 HPAIV infection, threatening their already small populations . Conversely, because of their wide distribution and ecological relevance, skuas may play a substantial role in the spread of the virus across Antarctica. Transdisciplinary surveillance is needed in coming years to monitor the impact of this poultry-origin disease on Antarctica's unique wildlife. Source: BioRxIV,  https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.04.25.650384v1 ____