{Excerpt}
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A(H5) detections in the past week
Time Period: August 09, 2026 - August 15, 2026
-- A(H5) Detection: 2 site(s) (0.5%)
-- No Detection: 426 site(s) (99.5%)
-- No samples: 79 site(s)
___
(...)
Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Abstract
The current H5N1 panzootic has seen an unprecedented host range expansion, including sustained circulation in US dairy cattle, detected in March 2024. By July 2026, infections had been reported on more than 1,150 dairy farms across 19 states. Although the outbreak initially centred in Texas, California has emerged as the principal focus of transmission and accounts for most human infections associated with exposure to infected dairy cattle. Continued transmission in cattle and repeated spillover into humans increase opportunities for acquisition of mammalian-adaptive mutations that could elevate zoonotic and pandemic risk. The haemagglutinin (HA) protein plays a central role in modulating virus receptor binding and airborne transmission. Here, we characterised the receptor-binding and stability phenotypes of HA mutations identified in viruses circulating in Californian dairy cattle. Receptor-binding specificity was assessed using bio-layer interferometry and pseudotype virus entry assays. All tested HA variants maintained a preference for avian-type α2,3-linked sialic acid receptors. We evaluated HA stability using fusion and thermostability assays. All mutants exhibited fusion pH values >5.5, outside the range associated with efficient airborne transmission in humans (pH 5.0-5.5). However, mutations D88G and S94N increased pH stability, with fusion pH values of 5.6 and 5.7, respectively, compared with 5.9 for wild-type HA. Viruses harbouring both mutations displayed increased thermostability. These findings demonstrate that cattle-origin H5N1 viruses retain avian-like receptor specificity despite acquiring mutations that modestly enhance HA stability. Evolution of H5N1 viruses in dairy cattle underscores the importance of genomic and phenotypic surveillance to identify mutations that may increase zoonotic risk.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Funder Information Declared
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, BB/X006166/1, BB/Y007298/1, BB/X006204/1 BB/Y007271/1, APP104179,, BBS/E/PI/230001B, BBS/E/PI/230001C, BBS/E/PI/230002B, BBS/E/PI/230002C), BBS/E/PI/23NB0004, BBS/E/PI/23NB0003, BB/S011269/1
Medical Research Council, https://ror.org/03x94j517, MR/Y03368X/1,
Source:
Link: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.18.745528v1
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
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Novel Influenza A Virus Infections
Two human infections with influenza A(H1N2) variant (A(H1N2)v) virus were reported by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services.
The patients, who are <18 years of age, initially developed illness and sought healthcare during the week ending August 15, 2026 (Week 32).
The patients were not hospitalized, one patient received influenza antiviral treatment, and both are recovering from their illnesses.
Investigation by local and state public health officials identified that both patients, who have not had contact with one another, had attended the same agricultural fair where ill swine were present prior to their illness onset.
No additional cases of human infection with A(H1N2)v virus associated with these cases or the fair have been identified.
These are the third and fourth human infections with a variant influenza virus reported in the 2025-2026 season; all four have been influenza A(H1N2)v viruses.
When an influenza virus that normally circulates in swine (but not people) is detected in a person, it is called a “variant” influenza virus.
Most human infections with variant influenza viruses occur following exposure to swine, but human-to-human transmission can occur.
It is important to note that in most cases, variant influenza viruses have not shown the ability to spread easily and sustainably from person to person.
(...)
Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/fluview/surveillance/2026-week-32.html
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Residents urged to take precautions against mosquito bites
LANSING, Mich. - The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) has confirmed a locally acquired case of eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) in a Roscommon County resident and reminds Michiganders to take steps to protect themselves against mosquito-borne diseases.
This is the first EEE human case reported in Michigan since 2021.
No additional information will be provided about this individual.
State and local health departments, along with the Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development and Michigan Department of Natural Resources, have been monitoring and will continue to monitor for signs of EEE in humans, mosquitos, domestic animals and wildlife.
Prior to this case, no animal EEE activity has been detected in Michigan this year.
Additional mosquito trapping and testing is underway in Roscommon County to assess the level of risk in the area. Information about human, animal and mosquito pool testing is available in a weekly arboviral report.
“It is vital that Michigan residents take precautions against mosquito bites as mosquitoes can carry diseases that can have devastating health effects,” said Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian, chief medical executive.
“EEE is one of the most dangerous mosquito-borne diseases in the U.S., with a 30% fatality rate among people who become ill.”
EEE virus is spread to people by the bite of an infected mosquito. EEE is a rare but serious disease. Only a few human cases are reported each year in the United States.
People who become ill with EEE may experience fever, headache, chills and nausea. In some cases, symptoms may progress to inflammation of the brain, signaled by disorientation, seizures and coma.
Physicians treating patients with these symptoms should consider testing for EEE and other mosquito-borne viruses and report suspect cases to their local health department. The MDHHS Bureau of Laboratories offers comprehensive testing for the arboviruses of concern in Michigan.
The best way to prevent EEE, or any other mosquito-borne illness, is to reduce the number of mosquitoes around your home and to take steps to avoid mosquito bites, including:
° Use U.S Environmental Protection Agency-registered insect repellents with one of the following active ingredients: DEET, picaridin, IR3535, oil of lemon eucalyptus or para-menthane-diol and 2-undecanone. Follow the product label instructions and reapply as directed.
° Do not use insect repellent on children under 2 months old. Instead, dress your child in clothing that covers arms and legs and cover crib, stroller and baby carrier with mosquito netting.
° Wear shoes and socks, light-colored long pants and long-sleeved shirts when outdoors.
° Make sure doors and windows have tight-fitting screens. Repair or replace screens that have tears or other openings.
° Use bed nets when sleeping outdoors or in conditions with no window screens.
° Once a week eliminate all sources of standing water that can support mosquito breeding around your home, including water in bird baths, abandoned swimming pools, wading pools, old tires and any other object holding water.
For more information on the human health impact of EEE, visit CDC.gov/EEE. For updates on EEE activity in Michigan, visit Michigan.gov/EEE.
Source:
Link: https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/inside-mdhhs/newsroom/2026/08/19/eee
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Idaho’s first reported case of human West Nile virus (WNV) meningitis this year was identified in a Canyon County resident over the age of 65. This person had been hospitalized for the illness but is recovering at home.
WNV is spread by the bite of an infected mosquito and can lead to severe disease in some people. West Nile neuroinvasive disease is a rare but serious complication of West Nile virus infection that occurs when the virus affects the brain or spinal cord, causing conditions such as meningitis, encephalitis (swelling of the brain), or paralysis.
“If you or someone you know takes medications that suppress your immune system, such as treatments for cancer, autoimmune diseases, or organ transplants, your risk of developing severe West Nile virus illness after a mosquito bite, including death may be up to 40% higher,” said Southwest District Health Epidemiologist Lekshmi Rita Venugopal.
“With West Nile virus detected in mosquitoes in Southwest Idaho again this summer, it's especially important for people with weakened immune systems to avoid mosquito bites.”
Idaho State Epidemiologist Dr. Christine Hahn said public health officials strongly encourage Idahoans to protect themselves and their families from mosquito bites.
“The report of the first severe West Nile virus disease of the season in an Idaho resident is a good reminder for all of us to take protective measures against mosquito bites,” she said.
“This includes wearing insect repellent and protective clothing in addition to reducing standing water around gardens and homes where mosquitoes can lay eggs.”
Symptoms of WNV infection often include fever, headache, body aches, nausea, and sometimes swollen lymph glands or a skin rash.
WNV infection can result in severe illness, especially in people 50 years or older, leading to hospitalization and even death. Talk to your healthcare provider about testing for WNV to confirm your illness.
There are no licensed vaccines or medicines to prevent WNV disease in people.
To protect against WNV infection, people should avoid mosquitoes, particularly between dusk and dawn when the mosquitoes that spread WNV are most active.
In addition, everyone should:
§ Wear long, loose-fitting shirts and pants when outdoors and apply DEET or other EPA-approved insect repellent to exposed skin and clothing. Carefully follow instructions on the product label, especially for children.
§ Keep mosquitoes outside the home by using screens on windows and doors or air conditioning, if available. Repair or replace damaged screens.
§ Reduce standing water on property. Check and drain toys, flowerpots, buckets, kiddie pools, and other items left outdoors that can hold water.
§ Change bird baths, static decorative ponds, kiddie pools, and animal water tanks weekly to reduce suitable mosquito habitats.
§ Consider larvicides for bodies of water that will not be used for drinking and cannot be covered or dumped out.
WNV activity in mosquitoes has been detected in seven Idaho counties this year by participating mosquito abatement districts.
For more information, visit the following resources:
° www.cdc.gov/west-nile-virus/index.html
° www.epa.gov/insect-repellents
° www.cdc.gov/mosquitoes/mosquito-control/mosquito-control-at-home.html
° www.cdc.gov/han/php/notices/han00532.html
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
LANSING, Mich. – The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS), Kent County Health Department (KCHD) and Ionia County Health Department have identified a human case of influenza A H1N2 variant (swine flu) in an Ionia County resident who was a swine exhibitor at the Kent County Youth Fair.
The fair took place Aug. 3-8 at the Grand Agricultural Center of West Michigan in Lowell.
The individual tested presumptive positive at the MDHHS Bureau of Laboratories for swine flu and was confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on Friday.
MDHHS and KCHD have been reaching out to swine exhibitors and their families who visited the swine barns at the Kent County Youth Fair to identify any additional illnesses in those who may have been exposed to influenza from infected pigs.
KCHD has alerted providers in the area to watch for patients presenting with respiratory symptoms who report exposure to swine or visited the fair.
“While the risk to the general public remains low, we want visitors who attended the Kent County Youth Fair to be alert to symptoms and take appropriate precautions,” said Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian, chief medical executive.
“Anyone who develops flu‑like symptoms after possible exposure should contact their health care provider and let them know about their recent contact with pigs at the fair. Individuals who are sick should stay home until they have fully recovered.”
“It’s not unusual for flu viruses to occur in pigs, and while rare, those flu viruses can be transmitted to people by sick pigs,” said Dr. Nora Wineland, State Veterinarian, Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD).
“MDARD encourages exhibitors to follow disease prevention practices and work with their veterinarian if they suspect illness in an animal. It is still safe to enjoy your local fair, and visitors are encouraged to follow simple hygiene practices to help keep both people and animals healthy.”
Pigs may be infected with swine influenza viruses that are different from human flu viruses. Swine flu viruses spread among pigs and – while rare – they can spread from pigs to people too. Spread of swine flu viruses from a pig to a person is thought to happen in the same way that human flu viruses spread; mainly through droplets when infected pigs cough and sneeze.
MDHHS reiterates precautions the public can take to avoid potential exposure at farms, fairs and exhibits:
° Do not eat or drink in livestock barns or show rings.
° Do not take toys, pacifiers, cups, baby bottles, strollers or similar items into pig areas.
° Anyone who is at high risk of serious flu complications should avoid contact with pigs and swine barns when attending a fair.
° Get an annual influenza vaccination.
Below are some steps you can take to protect yourself and prevent the spread of any illness:
° Wash hands often with soap and water. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand rub.
° Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. Germs spread this way.
° Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it.
° Avoid close contact with sick people. If you are sick, stay home from work or school until your illness is over.
° Avoid contact with pigs if you have flu-like symptoms. Wait seven days after your illness started or until you have been without fever for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medications, whichever is longer.
Symptoms of variant influenza infection in people are similar to those of seasonal flu viruses and may include:
° Fever.
° Cough.
° Runny nose.
° Body aches.
° Nausea.
° Vomiting.
° Diarrhea.
Variant influenza infections, including influenza A H1N2 can sometimes cause severe disease, even in healthy people.
Severe illness can include complications, such as pneumonia, which may require hospitalization, and in some cases can result in death.
People who are at high risk of developing complications if they get variant influenza infection include:
° Children younger than five years of age.
° People 65 years of age and older.
° Pregnant people.
People with certain long-term health conditions, such as asthma, diabetes, heart disease, weakened immune systems and neurological or neurodevelopmental conditions.
The time period it takes from exposure to illness for variant influenza is similar to that of seasonal influenza, which can be up to 10 days, but is most commonly three days.
Currently, there is no human vaccine for swine flu and the seasonal flu vaccine will not protect against swine flu; however, prescription antiviral drugs, such as oseltamivir and zanamivir, are effective in treating swine flu in humans.
Early treatment works best and may be especially important for people with a high-risk condition.
For more information, visit CDC.gov/Swine-Flu.
Source:
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
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A(H5) detections in the past week
Time Period: August 02, 2026 - August 08, 2026
-- A(H5) Detection: 5 site(s) (1.2%)
-- No Detection: 422 site(s) (98.8%)
-- No samples: 88 site(s)
__
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Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Abstract
Background.
Direct livestock exposure is a risk factor for zoonotic influenza, including H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A virus. But whether living in regions of high poultry and swine production intensity (PPI, SPI) increases risk of exposure to zoonotic influenza viruses independent of occupational livestock contact remains unclear.
Objectives.
To determine whether livestock workers and community members with no occupational livestock exposure in North Carolina, where poultry and swine production are increasingly co-located, are at higher risk of exposure to zoonotic influenza.
Methods.
Saliva samples from industrial livestock operation worker (ILO-W), ILO neighbor (ILO-N) and metropolitan area (Metro) households were analyzed for mucosal influenza A (H5N1, H1N1, and H3N2) hemagglutinin (HA) IgA and IgG antibodies to determine associations of PPI, SPI, exposure group, and detection of a swine-specific fecal contamination marker (Pig-2-Bac DNA) with influenza A antibody levels.
Results.
Residing in the highest PPI and SPI tertile was associated with significantly higher mucosal H5 and H1 HA IgA levels, including among residents without occupational livestock exposure. Households with occupational poultry or swine contact had significantly higher H5 IgA and IgG and H1 IgA levels compared to Metro households. In regression models accounting for clustering at the participant level, log10 anti-H5 HA mucosal IgA increased 0.16 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.27, p<0.005) and 0.10 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.17, p<0.005), per log10 increase in PPI and SPI, respectively, and 0.16 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.19, p<0.02) when Pig-2-Bac DNA was detected on household surfaces.
Conclusions.
Mucosal H5 HA IgA and IgG and H1 HA IgA were consistently elevated across different metrics of livestock exposure intensity, including residential exposure, occupational contact within a household, and a molecular marker of household swine fecal contamination in a state with intensive poultry and swine production.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Source:
Link: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.06.26359901v1
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
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(...)
A(H5) detections in the past week
Time Period: July 26, 2026 - August 01, 2026
-- A(H5) Detection: 7 site(s) (1.6%)
-- No Detection: 440 site(s) (98.4%)
-- No samples: 66 site(s)
{Click on Image to Enlarge}
__
(...)
Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
ABSTRACT
During the high severity season of 2024–25, CDC with public health partners sequenced and analyzed genomes of >10,000 influenza viruses for antiviral resistance markers. Available sequence-flagged and representative viruses were tested with antivirals using in vitro assays. In the US, three oseltamivir-resistant A(H3N2) viruses had treatment-emergent neuraminidase (NA) mutations, either E119V or R292K. Oseltamivir-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses with NA-H275Y were detected in 15 states, albeit at a low frequency (0.53%). They belonged to several phylogenetic groups, with hemagglutinin (HA) subclade D.3.1 combined with either NA subclade D.1 or D.2 being most common. Based on shared sequence data, nearly all H275Y viruses from Australia, Canada, and Chile also belonged to these HA and NA subclades. Conversely, most H275Y viruses (68/81) from China belonged to HA subclade C.1.9 and NA subclade D and shared the permissive mutation R257K. Influenza polymerase acidic (PA) mutations conferring 4- to 92-fold decreased baloxavir susceptibility were detected in nine influenza A viruses. Viruses with PA-I38T showed mild attenuation of replicative fitness in three cell lines. Based on available data, NA-H275Y and PA-I38T viruses were collected from patients with no exposure to antivirals. Baseline susceptibility to all US-approved influenza antivirals remained largely unchanged compared to previous seasons. All swine-origin viruses detected in the US had adamantane resistance-conferring marker, M2-S31N, but remained susceptible to other approved antivirals. Monitoring antiviral susceptibility has substantially improved with increased sequencing capacities and bioinformatic support at public health laboratories. Information gained through influenza surveillance has been used to guide recommendations on antiviral use.
Source:
Link: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.01514-26
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
HONOLULU — The Hawaiʻi Department of Health (DOH) has confirmed a case of cyclosporiasis in a member of the military based in Hawaiʻi.
The individual traveled internationally before returning to Hawaiʻi prior to getting sick.
Based on their travel history, symptom onset and the known incubation period it is not known at this time if the infection was acquired in Hawaiʻi or while traveling.
However, at this point in the DOH investigation, there is no evidence that this case changes the risk of cyclosporiasis in Hawaiʻi.
The assessment of risk of cyclosporiasis to the public in Hawaiʻi remains low.
This case brings the total number of confirmed cyclosporiasis cases reported in Hawaiʻi in 2026 to four.
The first case involved a non-resident visitor whose infection also was acquired outside of Hawaiʻi. The next two cases involved two Hawaiʻi residents who traveled internationally.
Cyclosporiasis is an intestinal illness caused by the microscopic parasite Cyclospora cayetanensis. Eggs of the parasite shed in the feces of infected persons must mature outside the host, in the environment, before they become infectious to another person.
People become infected by consuming food or water contaminated with the parasite. In the United States, outbreaks have most often been linked to certain fresh produce items. The illness is not typically spread directly from person to person.
Symptoms usually begin about one week after exposure but can appear anywhere from two days to two weeks later.
The most common symptom is frequent, watery diarrhea. Other symptoms may include loss of appetite, weight loss, stomach cramps or bloating, nausea, increased gas, fatigue and, less commonly, vomiting or low-grade fever. Without treatment, symptoms may last for several weeks or longer and can come and go.
The DOH routinely investigates reportable diseases to identify potential sources of infection and monitors for any signs of local transmission.
People can help reduce their risk of cyclosporiasis by:
° Washing hands thoroughly with soap and water before preparing or eating food and after using the restroom.
° Washing fresh fruits and vegetables under running water before eating, cutting or cooking them.
° Following safe food handling practices when preparing meals.
° Seeking medical care if they experience prolonged or severe diarrhea, particularly after recent travel or eating fresh produce from an area associated with an outbreak.
Cyclosporiasis is treatable with prescription antibiotics. Individuals experiencing persistent diarrhea should contact their healthcare provider. Healthcare providers who suspect cyclosporiasis are encouraged to report cases to the DOH and submit appropriate specimens to commercial laboratories for testing.
The DOH will continue to monitor for additional cases and work closely with healthcare providers and public health partners to protect the health of Hawaiʻi residents and visitors.
(...)
Source:
Link: https://health.hawaii.gov/news/newsroom/doh-confirms-fourth-case-of-cyclosporiasis/
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
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(...)
A(H5) detections in the past week
Time Period: July 19, 2026 - July 25, 2026
-- A(H5) Detection: 4 site(s) (0.9%)
-- No Detection: 427 site(s) (99.1%)
-- No samples: 81 site(s)
__
(...)
Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
July 30, 2026
PORTLAND, Ore.—Oregon Health Authority (OHA) and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife (ODFW) are urging people to prevent exposure to rabies while highlighting the importance of bats and other wildlife to the state’s ecosystems.
So far, 22 bats have tested positive for rabies in 2026, according to OHA data. That means the state has matched – and is poised to surpass – its record for the number of bats that test positive for rabies in a single year. Bats have carried the rabies virus in their populations for thousands of years and are well known to carry rabies today, but generally at a very low level. Nevertheless, they account for the most human exposures to the virus more than any other species in the U.S.
The highest number of animals testing positive for rabies since 2000 was in 2006, when 22 bats and two foxes were found to be carrying the disease. In 2023, 20 bats tested positive for the virus.
Emilio DeBess, DVM, public health veterinarian at OHA’s Public Health Division, said the more contact someone has with bats, the higher the risk of exposure to rabies.
“Unfortunately, when people find a dead or dying bat, they may pick it up with their hands because they want to help it, or maybe they’re just curious,” DeBess said. “When a bat or other wild animal is sick or dying with rabies, there’s an increased chance they will bite or transmit the virus in other ways.”
Colin Gillin, DVM, ODFW state wildlife veterinarian, agrees that bats and other wildlife rarely bite people but may do so if they are sick or feel threatened. Oregon bats, in particular, eat only insects—about 1,000 insects every hour—and avoid people.
“Bats provide important ecosystem services in Oregon, but also globally with insect control, seed dispersal, and pollination of specific plants, supporting agriculture and forest systems,” Gillin said. “And like many animals that can carry disease, bats can also prevent or suppress disease by reducing mosquitoes and other vectors that carry human and animal pathogens.”
° What to do if you find a bat
§ Bats are protected wildlife, which makes it illegal to harm or keep them. If you see a bat that appears to be sick:
* Stay calm, do not touch it, and keep people and pets away.
* When the sick or dead bat is indoors, do not release the bat. It may have exposed someone or a pet to rabies. If it is safe to do so, place a container or box over the bat.
* When the sick or dead bat is outdoors and may have exposed someone to rabies, cover it with a box or bucket to keep it in place, if safe to do so. Finding a dead bat does not require any action unless someone was bitten or scratched before the bat died.
* Contact your local health authority or veterinarian for your area right away to discuss potential exposures to humans or pets.
* If there are multiple sick or dead bats observed in an area, report it to ODFW.
§ When a person or pet has been bitten or scratched by an animal that may have rabies, report this exposure immediately to your local animal regulation services or local public health authority. Seek medical care immediately from a medical provider or veterinarian.
* Teach children to avoid all contact with bats and other wildlife.
* Avoid bats seen in the wild, such as while hiking.
* Make sure your dog or cats' vaccinations are up to date, whether they are indoor or outdoor pets.
* Unvaccinated pets that come into contact with a bat may be quarantined for up to four months, or euthanized.
* Protect your home from bats by covering vents, chimneys, and other entry points with screens.
* If you have roosting (nesting) bats living in your attic or other areas of your house, call a wildlife control operator (WCO). ODFW is unable to respond to homeowner requests for bat removal.
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Source:
Link: https://www.oregon.gov/oha/ERD/Pages/Avoid-contact-with-bats-to-reduce-rabies-exposure-risk.aspx
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Abstract
Since its emergence in 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected a wide range of animal species, including wildlife. Although SARS-CoV-2 infection has been widely reported in wildlife, particularly in white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) across the United States, data on viral circulation in New England wildlife remain limited. Here, we investigated active SARS-CoV-2 infection and serological evidence of previous exposure in free-ranging wildlife from New England and Virginia. We examined samples from 1646 animals representing 29 wildlife species, collected through wildlife rehabilitation centers, clinics, and hunter harvests in New England and Virginia between 2022 and 2025. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in three WTD from Massachusetts and Vermont. Phylogeographic analysis showed that the Vermont WTD SARS-CoV-2 sequences were closely related to contemporaneous human SARS-CoV-2 sequences from the same region, consistent with a possible human-to-deer spillover event. Serological screening by ELISA detected SARS-CoV-2 reactive samples in nine individuals from three species, including Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), Eastern coyote (Canis latrans), and raccoon (Procyon lotor), providing putative evidence of prior SARS-CoV-2 exposure. However, neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant were detected in only a single Eastern cottontail. Overall, these findings indicate sporadic SARS-CoV-2 detection and limited serological evidence of prior exposure among wildlife sampled in New England and Virginia, and highlight the importance of continued surveillance to detect spillover events, monitor viral evolution, and assess the potential risks associated with wildlife reservoirs.
Source:
Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/18/8/832
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Abstract
We conducted a serologic study of domestic cats near the epicenter of the dairy cattle outbreaks of influenza A(H5N1) in California, USA. Three of the 12 cats sampled within 2 km of farms had neutralizing antibodies against H5N1 virus. Proximity to dairy farms was a statistically significant risk factor for seropositivity.
Source:
Link: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/32/9/26-0785_article
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
A CDC food safety alert regarding a multistate outbreak of cyclosporiasis infections has been updated at https://www.cdc.gov/cyclosporiasis/outbreaks/07-26/index.html.
Key Points:
° Since the last update on July 18, 2026, 4 states have been added to the multistate outbreak, and the total case count is now 1,947. The 4 additional states are Illinois, Kansas, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania.
° Illnesses have now been reported from:
§ Illinois,
§ Indiana,
§ Kansas,
§ Kentucky,
§ Michigan,
§ Ohio,
§ Pennsylvania,
§ Oklahoma, and
§ West Virginia.
° At least 98 people have been hospitalized, and no deaths have been reported.
° Epidemiologic and traceback data continue to show that iceberg lettuce from Taylor Farms de Mexico was contaminated with Cyclospora and has made people sick.
° This alert only includes illnesses that are lab confirmed and have been linked to this product, not all cyclosporiasis illnesses being reported to and by CDC.
° CDC is also investigating other outbreaks and illnesses of cyclosporiasis nationally that are unrelated to this outbreak.
What You Should Do:
° Do not eat any recalled Taylor Farms iceberg lettuce. Throw it away or return it.
° If you have symptoms of cyclosporiasis, contact your healthcare provider to receive care and report symptoms.
° You may need to request that your healthcare provider tests you for Cyclospora.
Cyclosporiasis Symptoms:
° Some people may not experience symptoms.
° Symptoms can include watery diarrhea, loss of appetite, and weight loss.
° Symptoms usually begin about one week after becoming infected.
° Without treatment, symptoms can last anywhere from a few days to a month or longer.
° If you have symptoms, stay well hydrated.
° If you have questions about cases in a particular state, please call that state's health department.
° If you are a member of the media, please fill out this Request for Comment form to submit your media inquiry to CDC.
Thank you, CDC News Media Branch
Source:
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
{Excerpt}
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A(H5) detections in the past week
Time Period: July 12, 2026 - July 18, 2026
° A(H5) Detection: 10 site(s) (2.4%)
° No Detection: 414 site(s) (97.6%)
° No samples: 89 site(s)
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Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Abstract
Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAI) of the H5 subtype clade 2.3.4.4b have spread across the Americas, devastating wildlife, agricultural animals, and resulting in dozens of human spillovers. National surveillance strategies generally provide only a single representative sequence per poultry outbreak, precluding fine-scale geographic transmission inference or studies of within-outbreak evolution. We produced high-quality deep sequence data from 46 infected Galliformes and Anseriformes sampled from commercial farm and live bird market (LBM) outbreaks in Pennsylvania from 2023-2025. We found that H5N1 viruses were introduced into Pennsylvania at least 68 independent times. We recover independent origins of live bird market outbreaks within the same county 3 weeks apart, and transmission between Pennsylvania LBM and New York commercial birds, suggesting high transmission risk within the Northeast live bird market distribution system. Analyses of within-farm variant populations show frequent variant sharing between samples from the same outbreak, suggesting that variants are propagated among epidemiologically linked infections. We identified 9 known adaptive mutations in these samples, including one instance of PB2 D701N in a LBM chicken sample, suggesting that while rare, concerning mammalian adaptive mutations can be present within these domestic outbreaks. Our data suggest that domestic bird outbreaks support high circulating diversity and wide transmission bottlenecks, increasing the risk of minority variants arising and propagating between infections. These data can help inform targeted biosecurity measures and better quantify the risk of viral adaptation during agricultural outbreaks.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Funder Information Declared
NIAID, NIH 75N93021C00015
Pew Charitable Trusts
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
