#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, Sept. 5 '26)

 

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

1. DE ANGELIS M, Gori Savellini G, Piselli E, Anichini G, et al
   Redox-sensitive factors as targets of thiol compounds to hinder SARS-CoV-2 replication and inflammatory response.
   Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026;70:e0051826.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
2. JEENA N, Khan IA
   Targeting SARS-CoV-2 programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting: structural dynamics and RNA-directed antiviral strategies.
   Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026;70:e0068726.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
3. AVILA-PONCE DE LEON U, Esmaeili S, Owens K, Schiffer JT, et al
   Plasma concentrations of nirmatrelvir and molnupiravir required for inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication differ between rhesus macaques and humans.
   Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026 Aug 5:e0030726. doi: 10.1128/aac.00307.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Antiviral Res

4. PU F, Guo Y, Pan X, Liu X, et al
   Dual-targeting engineered binding proteins block SARS-CoV-2 infection and complement activation.
   Antiviral Res. 2026;254:106515.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
5. YURGELONIS I, Rai DK, Lee JT, Li Z, et al
   Antiviral activity of nirmatrelvir against contemporary SARS-CoV-2 variants.
   Antiviral Res. 2026;254:106517.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Epidemiol Infect

6. NAQVI OH, Wendelboe AM, Beasley WH, Tyungu DL, et al
   Epidemiological characteristics of paediatric COVID-19 and influenza co-infections in the United States, 2020-2024 - CORRIGENDUM.
   Epidemiol Infect. 2026;154:e111.
   PubMed        
   
   

   
   J Infect Dis

7. ZHAO B, Zhang G, Wu J, Zhang W, et al
   Characterization of bronchiolitis and vaccine-induced enhanced respiratory disease in Syrian hamsters caused by respiratory syncytial virus infection.
   J Infect Dis. 2026 Mar 4:jiag136. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Virol

8. BHAVSAR D, Civljak A, Bonnettaz B, Arunkumar GA, et al
   Broadly reactive antibodies against influenza B virus hemagglutinin neutralize and protect through distinct structural mechanisms.
   J Virol. 2026 Sep 4:e0080226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00802.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
9. LIU D, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Guo R, et al
   A neuraminidase-targeting nanobody as a therapeutic candidate against influenza A and B viruses.
   J Virol. 2026 Aug 31:e0087426. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00874.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   JAMA

10. SENERTH E, Sheikholeslamian SM, Sivakumaran K, Watson MA, et al
    Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness and Safety for the 2026-2027 Respiratory Season.
    JAMA. 2026 Sep 2. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.18126.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Pediatrics

11. CHAN OW, Cheng YT, Liu YH, Chou IJ, et al
    Anakinra in Severe RSV-Associated Autoinflammatory Encephalopathy With Delayed ADEM-Like Changes.
    Pediatrics. 2026;158:e2026076364.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
12. PAYNE AB, Battan-Wraith S, Reese SE, Hathaway CA, et al
    Effectiveness of RSV Prevention Strategies in US Infants: 2024-2025.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 4:e2026076089. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-076089.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. MIN J, Tam V, Jacoby SF, McDonald CC, et al
    Community Firearm Violence, Youth Depression, and Suicide Risk in Philadelphia: 2017-2024.
    Pediatrics. 2026;158:e2025075438.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Comput Biol

14. FREEDMAN AS, Nielsen BF, Saad-Roy CM, Grenfell BT, et al
    Economic factors promoting vaccine nationalism in the face of viral evolution.
    PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014466.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Med

15. ELIAS KM, Mitchell A, Stadler E, Schlub TE, et al
    Neutralising antibodies and protection from progression to severe COVID-19: A meta-analysis.
    PLoS Med. 2026;23:e1005230.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS One

16. ADAMCZYK G, Jablonski A, Nowakowski PT, Ptaszek RT, et al
    Theodicy perspective as an effect of the interpenetration of mental and religious issues during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355379.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
17. JUNGMANN SM, Garbe Huedo SF, Jacobs KAS, Pothorn NK, et al
    Mental load in women and mothers: Causes of distress, personality traits, and psychopathology.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356255.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
18. MOUNADI N, Nour H, El Kouali M, Samadi A, et al
    Repositioning antiviral phytoconstituents as broad-spectrum inhibitors of influenza A neuraminidase and human metapneumovirus fusion protein.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0348517.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
19. HAWKES BA, Hollister J, Porter C, Lyski ZL, et al
    Age-specific humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2: A comparative analysis of antibody levels in children and adults after vaccination with primary series or infection.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356178.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
20. AVSAR FN, Kilicaslan N, Sahutoglu T
    Comparative associations of Anakinra and Tocilizumab initiation with in-hospital mortality in severe COVID-19: A single-center sequential cohort study.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0357671.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
21. SEEGERT N, Gaulin M, Chaiyakunapruk N, Navarro-Sanchez F, et al
    The impact of state- versus county-level mask mandates on economic activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0332243.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. HARDY MJ, Williams CK, Ladman BS, Pitesky ME, et al
    Using high frequency GPS data to assess wintering goose proximity to commercial poultry facilities on the Delmarva peninsula for avian influenza risk management and surveillance.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355415.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
23. KOPP J, Spies Rodriguez DC, Kunzi L, Puhan MA, et al
    Physical activity in post-COVID-19 condition: A cross-sectional study.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0357465.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

24. KARADAKIC R, Keating NL, Barnett ML
    Interpreting vaccine-associated survival differences in immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2621501123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

25. MOHAMMED H, Andraweera P, Marshall HS
    A cohort study to assess the safety and coverage of COVID-19, influenza, and pertussis vaccine in Australian pregnant women.
    Vaccine. 2026;91:129081.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. SHEN AK, Tupps C, Bino S, Chipoya M, et al
    Investments in seasonal influenza vaccination programs pack a punch for pandemic preparedness.
    Vaccine. 2026;92:129098.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. TRAN S, McClymont E, Blitz S, Barrett J, et al
    Self-reported reactogenicity after COVID-19 vaccination with and without influenza vaccine coadministration during pregnancy in Canada.
    Vaccine. 2026;92:129122.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
28. MARIA DA, Martins IM, Porto GPM, Villas-Boas IM, et al
    Safety, humoral and cellular immune responses to a pre-pandemic adjuvanted influenza A (H5N8) vaccine.
    Vaccine. 2026;92:129049.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
29. ZHENG Y, Qiao B, Gao Z, Zhang X, et al
    Development of a subunit vaccine candidate (RBD-HA trimer) provides dual protection against multi-subtype avian influenza viruses and QX-type infectious bronchitis virus.
    Vaccine. 2026;92:129121.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
30. KORNUTA CA, Zhou G, Kane KP, Vliagoftis H, et al
    Mucosal adjuvant activity of a PAR-2-activating peptide enhances lymph node immune cell recruitment and promotes immune cell activation in a prime-boost influenza vaccination model.
    Vaccine. 2026;92:129110.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Virology

31. BROGAARD L, Laybourn HA, Kristensen C, Welner S, et al
    Site-specific microRNA responses in lungs of pigs depend on the host-adaptation of H1N1 influenza A virus.
    Virology. 2026;624:111053.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
32. SEKINE W, Kamiki H, Ishida H, Matsugo H, et al
    HA1-T138A and HA1-Q226L substitutions in H3N2 canine influenza virus contribute to binding to human-type alpha2,6-linked sialic acid receptors.
    Virology. 2026;625:111071.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
33. OLDENSAND F, Rafati N, Van Hoef V, Lundkvist A, et al
    Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of avian influenza H9N2 virus infection in human and chicken cells.
    Virology. 2026;625:111070.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    

Immunogenicity and #safety of seasonal #influenza #vaccine co-administered with other vaccines: a systematic review and meta-analysis

 

Abstract

Seasonal influenza remains a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality, highlighting the need for vaccination strategies that improve coverage and streamline vaccine delivery. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional studies, evaluating immunogenicity and safety of same-day co-administration of influenza vaccines with COVID-19 or other vaccines, compared with non-concomitant administration. Comparators included sequential administration, single vaccine administration or placebo-controlled delayed vaccination. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for Randomized Trials and Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions; certainty of evidence was evaluated using Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Immunogenicity was assessed using geometric mean fold rise (GMFR) in antibody titres and seroprotection rate. Safety was assessed by adverse event (AE) incidence. 52 eligible studies were included. Influenza immunogenicity was comparable between the co-administration and non-concomitant comparator group across all strains (H1N1 GMFR ratio of means (ROM): 1.02 [95% CI: 0.95–1.10]; H3N2, 1.05 [95% CI: 0.97–1.13]; B strain, 1.01 [95% CI: 0.97–1.05]). Pooled risk ratio (RR) for seroprotection was 1.00 for all three strains with 95% CIs ranging from 0.99–1.01. GMFR for COVID-19 vaccines was modestly reduced under co-administration (ROM 0.84 [95% CI: 0.74–0.95]; p = 0.006). Serious AEs were more frequent in the co-administration group compared to the non-concomitant group (RR 1.41 [95% CI: 1.07–1.86]; p = 0.014; absolute risk difference: 1.56 percentage points). Overall, co-administration preserves influenza immunogenicity but modestly reduces COVID-19 vaccine GMFR. Although safety findings warrant cautious interpretation, the low absolute risk difference supports its feasibility as a strategy to streamline vaccination schedules and improve uptake.

Source: 

Link: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41541-026-01548-z

____

#Report on #influenza viruses received and tested by the #Melbourne #WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza during 2025

 

Abstract

As part of its role in the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS), the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza in Melbourne (the Centre) received 13,817 human influenza-positive samples during 2025. Viruses were analysed for their antigenic, genetic, and antiviral susceptibility properties. Selected viruses were propagated in qualified cells or embryonated hens’ eggs for potential use in seasonal influenza virus vaccines. Of the 13,817 samples received or processed, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses predominated, accounting for 46.1% of samples, compared to 21.2% for A(H3N2) viruses and 19.5% for influenza B viruses; one influenza C virus was received. Among viruses analysed at the Centre, the majority of A(H1N1)pdm09 (> 99%) and influenza B (98%) viruses were antigenically similar to their respective WHO recommended vaccine strains for the Southern Hemisphere in 2025. In contrast, only 43% of A(H3N2) viruses were antigenically similar to their respective WHO recommended vaccine strains. Of 3,307 samples tested for susceptibility to the neuraminidase inhibitors oseltamivir and zanamivir, 37 A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses showed highly reduced inhibition by oseltamivir and no influenza viruses tested showed highly reduced inhibition by zanamivir. Of 5,080 samples with sequencing of the polymerase acidic (PA) gene, no genetic markers associated with highly reduced susceptibility to baloxavir marboxil were identified.

Source: 

Link: https://ojs.cdi.cdc.gov.au/index.php/cdi/article/view/3489

____

#Taiwan, Seasonal #Influenza and #COVID19 Epidemics Situation #Update (CDC, September 1 '26): #H1N1pdm09 flu virus and PQ.16.1.1 SARS-CoV variant are predominant

 

{Excerpt}

(...)

    The CDC pointed out that in the 34th week (August 23-29), there were 101,628 outpatient and emergency room visits for influenza-like illnesses, an increase of 5.6% compared to the previous week, showing a recent slow upward trend. 

    In addition, last week (August 25-31), there were 85 new cases of severe influenza complications (80 H1N1, 3 H3N2, and 2 untyped A cases) and 14 deaths (12 H1N1, 1 H3N2, and 1 untyped A case). 

    Laboratory monitoring data shows that the influenza virus currently circulating in the community is mainly type A, with type A H1N1 accounting for 74.1% of the cases. 

    This flu season (2023-2024) has seen a cumulative total of 1,224 severe cases (620 H1N1, 494 H3N2, 20 untyped type A, and 90 type B) and 234 deaths (113 H1N1, 102 H3N2, 7 untyped type A, and 12 type B). 

    The majority of severe cases are among those aged 65 and above (64.6%) and those with a history of chronic diseases (82.8%). 69.4% of those affected have not received the flu vaccine this season.

    According to data from the Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (CDC), the COVID-19 epidemic in Taiwan is declining, but it remains at a plateau. 

    In the 34th week (August 23-29), there were 21,969 outpatient and emergency room visits related to COVID-19, a 13.4% decrease compared to the previous week (August 16-22). 

    Last week (August 25-31), there were 69 new locally transmitted severe cases and 18 local deaths. 

    Since October 2025, there have been a cumulative total of 549 locally transmitted cases of COVID-19 complicated by severe illness, of which 91 have died. 

    The majority of severe cases are among those aged 65 and above (72.5%) and those with a history of chronic diseases (83.1%). 85.1% of these cases have not received the COVID-19 vaccine this season. 

    In the past four weeks, the predominant variant strain in locally transmitted cases has been PQ.16.1.1.

(...)

Source: 

Link: https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/Detail/GWRkQ03fZuKKWwdv191UyQ?typeid=9

____

#Antibody profiles across #H5N1 and previously circulating viruses are highly dynamic and #age- and imprint- independent

 

Abstract

The increasing incidence of H5N1 influenza virus transmission from animal species to humans has heightened concerns about an imminent H5N1 pandemic. Prior studies using recombinant hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins have reported age-dependent cross-reactivity to H5N1, attributed to immune imprinting from an individual's first influenza virus exposure. However, whether this pattern holds when using whole inactivated virus (WIV), capturing antibodies against diverse viral proteins, and is stable over time remains unknown. We therefore aimed to determine whether H5N1 cross-reactivity of pre-existing antibodies to whole virus follows an age-dependent or imprinting-specific pattern, and whether this pattern is stable over a five-year period. To this end, we measured serum antibody levels in adolescents, adults and seniors by ELISA using whole inactivated H5N1 virus as antigen rather than purified proteins. Detectable, albeit generally low, levels of H5N1-reactive antibodies were present in most individuals, irrespective of age. Comparison of antibody levels against H5N1 with those to five historical influenza virus strains revealed a consistent positive correlation between H5N1-reactive antibodies and responses to the H1N1pdm09 strain A/California/7/2009 (CA), across all age groups. Using unbiased clustering of antibody titers against H5N1, CA, and the H3N2 strain A/Perth/16/2009 (PE), we identified seven distinct age-transcending antibody profiles. These profiles covered individuals with varying titers to all three included viruses but also identified individuals with high anti-CA levels, yet low anti-H5N1 levels and vice versa. Moreover, despite stable antibody levels over a five-year interval in the study population, individual antibody levels and profiles fluctuated considerably over this period. Taken together, our results confirm the presence of H5N1-reactive antibodies in human sera and their association with previously circulating strains. However, they also caution against inferring antibody levels against a new strain based solely on responses to antigenically related strains and highlight the limitations of extrapolating immune status from single timepoint measurements.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Source: 

Link: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.08.26.26361396v1

____

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, August 29 '26)

 

BMC Pediatr

1. ROHDE G, Haraldstad K, Helseth S, Hagen M, et al
   Health-related quality of life in parents of adolescents in 2019, 2021 and 2023.
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:783.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
2. ZHU L, Zeng L, Zhang M, Chen X, et al
   Comparison of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus in children with acute lower respiratory infections in Wenzhou, China from 2021 to 2022: a retrospective study.
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:774.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Immunol

3. DICK JK, Krishna VD, Hicks D, Sangala JA, et al
   ACE2 decoy Fc-fusions and bispecific killer engagers require Fc engagement for in vivo efficacy against SARS-CoV-2.
   J Immunol. 2026;215:vkag235.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Virol

4. ALYMOVA IV, Mekonnen B, Wang D, Kamal RP, et al
   N-linked glycosylation sites with low occupancy support sustained circulation of the A(H3N2) influenza A virus in the human population.
   J Virol. 2026 Aug 28:e0066226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00662.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
5. BARRE RS, Nath H, Nogales A, Abdelwhab EM, et al
   NS-segment-based reporter influenza A viruses: engineering strategy, applications, and limitations.
   J Virol. 2026 Aug 26:e0109926. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01099.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   PLoS Comput Biol

6. KENNEDY J, Ferguson W, Jones O, Riley S, et al
   Evaluation of short-term multi-target respiratory forecasts over winter 2024-25 in England using sub-ensemble contribution analyses.
   PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014644.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
7. OSTHUS D, Murph AC, Goldberg EE, Beesley LJ, et al
   Leveraging synthetic and genetic data to improve epidemic forecasting.
   PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014630.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   PLoS One

8. HO QM, Duong BT, Nguyen LNT, Susilawati TN, et al
   ICU admission and mortality in adult patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09-related pneumonia in Vietnam since the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: A 10-year cohort study.
   PLoS One. 2026;21:e0348450.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
9. NASH RK, Bhatia S, Wardle J, Cori A, et al
   Forecasting COVID-19 cases in US states using reconstructed incidence data.
   PLoS One. 2026;21:e0353983.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
10. ARTEMCHUK O, Chakhunashvili G, Finci I, Rojas M, et al
    Factors associated with influenza vaccine uptake among healthcare workers in Georgia, 2021-2024.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356495.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
11. MENDOZA-VELAZQUEZ A, Lara-Arevalo J, Mendoza-Martinez L, Drewnowski A, et al
    Rising food prices and widening nutrition gaps in Mexico: The cost of nutrient-dense and ultra-processed foods before, during, and after COVID-19.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355198.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
12. OVERBOSCH FW, Waltz CNM, Cesuroglu T, Blokland B, et al
    Exploring integrated advice and avian influenza knowledge gaps by using a Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza outbreak simulation.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354920.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. SHARMA S, Elhassan H, Anderson KK, Heisel MJ, et al
    Changes in mental health outcomes of middle-aged and older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: A scoping review.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0342140.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
14. EKHOLUENETALE M
    Decomposing socioeconomic inequalities in COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Nigerian women of reproductive age: A further analysis of population-based data.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0357171.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
15. PUEBLA G, Ferrer-Urbina R, Perez-Zapata D, Alarcon-Castillo K, et al
    Cognitive load and individual differences as drivers of health-related misinformation: A signal detection approach.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356642.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

16. RIUMINA ED, Alekseeva EI, Klink GV, Feigin S, et al
    HLA class I escape drives the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in human populations.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2619192123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
17. LIU Q, Chen P, He C, Qiu Z, et al
    SESN1 is a negative regulator of MAVS and dynamically expressed during RNA viral infection.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2621443123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
18. MONTGOMERIE I, McKenzie RE, Palmer OR, Mason NC, et al
    Engineering antigenic breadth against SARS-CoV-2 by pairing divergent RBDs within a single mRNA immunogen.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2602574123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

19. KOONIN LM, Velez SD, Bresee JS
    Expanding adult immunization in low- and middle-income countries through pharmacist-provided vaccination.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129004.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
20. KAZENZA B, Masokolo B, Mbunga B, Egbende L, et al
    Why COVID-19 vaccination struggled in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a qualitative study exploring organizational and sociocultural barriers, 2025.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129033.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
21. HUIBERTS AJ, Eggink D, de Gier B, Karens T, et al
    Effectiveness of Omicron JN.1 vaccination against infection with JN.1-derived SARS-CoV-2 subvariants in a prospective cohort study in the Netherlands.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129030.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. HUTTON DW, Prosser LA, Ortega-Sanchez IR, Leidner AJ, et al
    Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of respiratory syncytial virus vaccination among risk-stratified older adults.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129023.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
23. PORTILHO AI, Andreata-Santos R, Duarte-Barbosa M, Chaves APC, et al
    Functional neutralizing and bactericidal antibody responses induced by dual-target immunization with SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Neisseria meningitidis antigens in mice.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129011.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
24. AHI T, Andersen KM, Mateus JS, Yu T, et al
    2024-2025 BNT162b2 KP.2 COVID-19 full season vaccine effectiveness from vaccine registries linked to administrative claims in two states: A cohort study in non-immunocompromised adults.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129009.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
25. LIU X, Cloughesy JN, Yu T, Ferranna M, et al
    Uptake of the RSVpreF vaccine during pregnancy: associations with socioeconomic status, prenatal care utilization, and maternal risk factors.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129003.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. KAZI F, Shapland CY, Spiga F, Villanueva G, et al
    Implications for future pandemics from a living systematic review and critical evaluation of observational studies of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination against the Omicron variant.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:128993.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. HUIBERTS AJ, Smits MMJ, Hoeve CE, de Melker HE, et al
    Association between post-vaccination adverse events and subsequent COVID-19 booster uptake in the Netherlands.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129043.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
28. GENSOROWSKY D, Surmann B, Meyer AC, Poshtiban A, et al
    Corrigendum to "Outpatient care intensity and influenza vaccination: evidence from Germany" [Vaccine 70 (2026) 128038].
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129062.
    PubMed        
    
    
29. BOTT L, Liu J, Challenger A, Powell E, et al
    Myth-busting influenza and fear of adverse reactions in healthcare workers: two experimental studies on vaccination intentions.
    Vaccine. 2026;91:129086.
    PubMed         Abstract available

#Global Respiratory #Virus #Activity: Weekly #Update (WHO, August 28 '26)

 

{Excerpt, from Weekly Epidemiological Record}

(...)

    The findings below are based on surveillance conducted through the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). 

    More details can be found on the Global Influenza Programme's surveillance and monitoring page.

Overview

    ° In week 33 2026, influenza positivity was below 10% and SARS-CoV-2 activity remained low globally. 

    ° During the past few weeks, influenza positivity remained just below 10% overall in the tropical areas and southern hemisphere temperate and subtropical areas. 

    ° RSV positivity also remained low globally.

Influenza

    ° Globally, influenza detections remained low in week 33 with influenza A and B viruses detected in similar proportions.

    ° In the southern hemisphere, influenza percent positivity was elevated (>10%) in one country in Temperate South America. 

    ° Percent positivity was over 30% in one country in Oceania where a medium increase in activity was observed.

    ° In the northern hemisphere, influenza percent positivity was elevated (>10%) in some countries in Central America and the Caribbean, Tropical South America, Western Africa, Western, Southern and South-East Asia and in single countries in Middle Africa, South West and Northern Europe and Eastern Asia. 

    ° Percent positivity was over 30% in single countries in Tropical South America, Western and Eastern Africa and Southern Asia. 

    ° Increases in activity were observed in some countries in Central America and the Caribbean and Southern Asia and in single countries in Tropical South America, Western, Eastern and Middle Africa, South West Europe and Western Asia.

    ° In the zones with elevated positivity, influenza A(H3N2) was predominant in South West Europe, Eastern Africa, Eastern Asia and Oceania; influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was predominant in Western, Southern and South-East Asia and influenza B was predominant in Tropical and Temperate South America. 

    ° Influenza A and B were codominant in Central America and the Caribbean and Western Africa and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza A(H3N2) were codominant in Middle Africa.

SARS-CoV-2

    ° Globally, SARS-CoV-2 positivity remained stable and low across most reporting countries, with elevated positivity (>10%) reported in countries in Central America and the Caribbean and in single countries in Tropical South America, Southern and South-East Asia. 

    ° Small increases in activity were observed in countries in Central America and the Caribbean, Northern Europe and in a single country in Southern Asia.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)

    ° RSV positivity was elevated (>10%) in a few countries in Central America and the Caribbean, Tropical and Temperate South America and in a single country in Southern Asia. 

    ° Percent positivity was over 30% in a single country in Temperate South America. 

    ° Small increases in activity were observed in two countries in Central America and the Caribbean. 

    ° RSV and influenza activity were both elevated in single countries in Temperate South America and Southern Asia.

Severity assessment

    ° The severity assessments here are reported from countries, areas and territories. 

    ° Assessments for transmissibility can be reported based on syndromic parameters and/or influenza-specific parameters. 

    ° In the southern hemisphere temperate and subtropical areas, influenza-specific transmissibility was reported as low (1) and moderate (1); transmissibility using syndromic data was reported as moderate (1). 

    ° In the northern hemisphere temperate and subtropical areas, influenza-specific transmissibility was reported as below seasonal threshold (11) and low (2); transmissibility using syndromic data was reported as below seasonal threshold (8). 

    ° Influenza-specific transmissibility was reported as moderate in one country in the tropical areas.

Current update: Global Respiratory Virus Activity: Weekly Update N° 592

All past updates: Global respiratory virus updates

(...)

Source: 

Link: https://www.who.int/publications/journals/weekly-epidemiological-record/wer101-34

____

#Taiwan, #Epidemics of Respiratory Viruses (#COVID19, #Influenza, #Enteroviruses) Weekly Update (CDC, August 25 '26): PQ.16.1.1 Variant Still Predominant

 

{Excerpts}

(...)

    CDC monitoring data shows that the domestic COVID-19 epidemic is at a plateau. 

    In week 33 (August 16-22), there were 24,995 outpatient and emergency room visits for COVID-19, a 6.0% decrease compared to the previous week (August 9-15). 

    Last week (August 18-24), there were 59 new locally transmitted severe cases and 19 new locally transmitted deaths. 

    Since October 2025, there have been a total of 480 local cases of COVID-19 complicated by severe illness, of which 73 have died. 

    The majority of severe cases are among those aged 65 and above (73.5%) and those with a history of chronic diseases (82.5%). 86.5% of these cases have not been vaccinated this season. 

    In the past four weeks, the predominant variant strain in local cases has been PQ.16.1.1.     

    As of August 24, approximately 1.823 million doses of the COVID-19 vaccine have been administered this season. There are currently about 111,000 doses remaining nationwide, which will be available until September 9. Eligible and needy individuals are advised to take advantage of this time and get vaccinated as soon as possible.

    Regarding the influenza epidemic, in week 33 (August 16-22), there were 94,340 outpatient and emergency room visits for influenza-like illnesses, a slight decrease of 2.5% compared to the previous week. 

    Additionally, last week (August 18-24), there were 64 new cases of severe influenza complications (59 H1N1 and 5 H3N2) and 15 deaths (all H1N1). 

    Laboratory surveillance data shows that the influenza virus currently circulating in the community is predominantly type A, with type A H1N1 accounting for a high percentage at 69.7%. 

    This flu season (2014-2015) saw a cumulative total of 1,139 severe cases (540 H1N1, 491 H3N2, 18 untyped A, and 90 B) and 220 deaths (101 H1N1, 101 H3N2, 6 untyped A, and 12 B). 

    The majority of severe cases were among those aged 65 and over (63.8%) and those with a history of chronic illness (82.4%). 71.0% of patients had not received the flu vaccine this season.

    Regarding enterovirus cases, in week 33 (August 16-22), there were 6,546 outpatient and emergency room visits, similar to the previous week (6,646), indicating a stable recent trend. 

    Laboratory surveillance over the past four weeks showed that Coxsackievirus A6 was the most prevalent enterovirus in the community, followed by enterovirus D68 and Coxsackievirus A16. 

    This year (2026), there have been a total of 6 confirmed cases of enterovirus infection complicated with severe illness (including 1 death), including 4 cases of enterovirus D68, 1 case each of Coxsackievirus A4 and Coxsackievirus A16. 

    Regarding the dengue fever outbreak, as of August 24th this year, there have been a total of 134 confirmed dengue fever cases, including 7 local cases (all residing in Kaohsiung City) and 127 imported cases. The imported cases were mainly from Southeast Asian and South Asian countries such as Indonesia (26 cases), Vietnam (26 cases), and the Maldives (16 cases). The cumulative number of cases is lower than the same period in 2025 (152 cases).

(...)

Source: 

Link: https://www.cdc.gov.tw/Bulletin/Detail/QiAsLBvifNAj7FJzGc-ApQ?typeid=9

____

COMbination #therapy with #baloxavir and #oseltamivir 1 for hospitalized patients with #influenza: The pragmatic COMBO 1 randomized controlled trial

 

Abstract

Background

COMBO 1 compared time to cessation of viral shedding (TCVS) among hospitalized influenza patients treated with oseltamivir plus a single dose of baloxavir vs. oseltamivir alone.

Methods

In a quadruple-blinded, placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter randomized controlled trial, hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza were randomly enrolled in a 1:1 ratio to Group 1 (oseltamivir+placebo) or Group 2 (oseltamivir+baloxavir). All patients were treated with oseltamivir for 5 days; one dose of baloxavir or placebo was given in identical capsules. Primary efficacy and safety outcomes were TCVS by virus titer with qCulture TCID50 agglutination and 30-day severe adverse event (SAE) rate, respectively. Secondary virology, clinical, and safety outcomes were assessed. Continuous and categorical data were analyzed with Wilcoxon Rank-Sum and Fisher’s Exact Tests, respectively.

Results

14 participants were randomized and received study drug (Group 1: n=6, Group 2: n=8); the study was stopped early due to slow accrual. Baseline characteristics were balanced. Median TCVS with qCulture was 53.3 hours in Group 1 and 25.3 hours in Group 2 (p=0.13). 30-day overall SAE rates were 16.7% and 12.5%, respectively. All patients achieved negative qCulture. Median TCVS with quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was 115.6 and 34.4 hours (p=0.24); % achieving viral negative by RT-qPCR was 33.3% and 75.0% (p=0.28), respectively.

Conclusions

Combination therapy with oseltamivir and a single dose of baloxavir was inconclusive with non-significant trends towards shorter median TCVS vs. monotherapy with oseltamivir in hospitalized patients with influenza. Interpretation is limited by small sample size and early termination.

Source: 

Link: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/13596535261479944

____

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, August 22 '26)

 

BMC Pediatr

1. XIA Z, Zhang H, Xu S, Lin X, et al
   Changes in pediatric pneumonia incidence and pathogen spectrum before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic: an eight-year inpatient data analysis from a tertiary hospital in Fujian, China.
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:766.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Cell

2. LI L, Yan XL, Wang HY, Zhou HY, et al
   Viral protease-initiated lytic cell death as a universal antiviral mRNA therapy.
   Cell. 2026;189:5396-5410.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Gen Virol

3. SHIM K, Choi JH, Hwang EH, Kim G, et al
   Dose-dependent effects of recombinant spike protein-based vaccination on SARS-CoV-2 evolutionary dynamics and the emergence of variants in hamster models.
   J Gen Virol. 2026;107:002314.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
4. GRANSTAD S, Tonnessen R, Ytrehus B, Descamps S, et al
   Multiple introductions of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses into the High Arctic: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 2022-2025.
   J Gen Virol. 2026;107:002305.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Virol

5. XU J, Chan H-w, Yang R, Wu X-R, et al
   Nicotine and cotinine enhance SARS-CoV-2 entry through distinct but complementary mechanisms in human respiratory epithelial cells.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 31:e0097126. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00971.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
6. HE L, Su Y-WN, Zhang F, Moustafa IM, et al
   Recovery of proofreading-impaired SARS-CoV-2 reveals a mutator phenotype and an ExoN activity threshold for viability.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 29:e0080926. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00809.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
7. BEETON K, Case JB
   Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 23:e0174825. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01748.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
8. ZHOU R, Yue M, Shen Q, Liu N, et al
   Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist prevents pulmonary fibrosis following acute COVID-19 infection associated with type 2 diabetes.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 9:e0040126. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00401.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
9. LAMICHHANE P, Yang L, Santos C, Park H-S, et al
   Live human metapneumovirus vaccine candidates attenuated by temperature sensitivity mutations from human respiratory syncytial virus.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 6:e0069226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00692.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Pediatrics

10. HUANG YN, Chang CJ, Dai YL, Kung YH, et al
    Early Antiviral Therapy in Pediatric Outpatients and Risk of Influenza-Related Hospitalization.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 17:e2025075020. doi: 10.1542/peds.2025-075020.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
11. ANTOON JW, Edwards KM
    Why Not Antivirals? Reconsidering Influenza Treatment in Children.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 17:e2026076953. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-076953.
    PubMed        
    
    

    
    PLoS Comput Biol

12. KRAMER SC, Pirikahu S, Kussmaul C, Opatowski L, et al
    The limitations of non-mechanistic methods for characterizing pathogen-pathogen interactions: A simulation study.
    PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1013859.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. DIMITRIOU PA, D'Alessandro M, Chang BL, Silvestros V, et al
    Non-Markovian dynamics and effective reproduction number in COVID-19: Evidence from Cyprus contact tracing data.
    PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014578.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Med

14. KAMTCHUM-TATUENE J, Farrell J, Nolan J, Lessels S, et al
    Time trends in stroke incidence and modifiable risk factor prevalence in England (2018-2024): A record linkage population-based study.
    PLoS Med. 2026;23:e1004999.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS One

15. DI CHIARA C, Piche-Renaud PP, Rigamonti V, Cantarutti A, et al
    Pediatricians' attitudes and knowledge of RSV immunization products: A multi-country cross-sectional survey.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356233.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
16. APONTE-HAO S, Luu H, Martins KJB, Randall JR, et al
    Factors associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes among adults with at least a primary vaccination schedule: A retrospective cohort study from Alberta, Canada.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354822.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
17. SHANKER N, Reckling S, Snyder NL, Enright D, et al
    Addressing gaps in surveillance: Use of emergency department accessibility and social vulnerability to identify potential wastewater surveillance sites in North Carolina.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0346668.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
18. KOSINSKA-SELBI B, Kowalczyk J, Pierscinska J, Weleszczuk J, et al
    Comprehensive and innovative post-market surveillance system for atypical respiratory pathogens detecting qPCR panel.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0349967.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
19. D'SOUZA-RUSHTON GC, Seshu U, Blumberger L, Mazhar L, et al
    The CDC's management and COVID-19 vaccine recommendations during the COVID-19 pandemic: A healthcare worker's perspective.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354686.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
20. MOSSOP B, Choudhury S
    Regime-aware causal Bayesian forecasting for non-stationary time series.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356474.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
21. HUNG LF, Guo PX, Hou CY, Kuo YH, et al
    Changes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae features among patients in the emergency room during the COVID-19 Omicron variant pandemic.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355725.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. 
    Correction: The interaction of RNA G-quadruplexes from the influenza A virus vRNA with TMPyP4 and BRACO-19 ligands.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0356274.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

23. TANI N, Sato T, Goto T, Harada Y, et al
    Longitudinal changes in the antibody responses and adverse reactions across successive SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations from the primary series to the JN.1-adapted booster in hospital employees: A 4-year prospective cohort study.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128887.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
24. EZEJA L, Ezeala OM, Westrick SC, Qian J, et al
    Adverse events and vaccine administration errors following RSV vaccination: Findings from the United States VAERS database, 2023-2025.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128896.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
25. LIU STH, Gonzalez-Dominguez I, Martinez-Perez A, Bozkus CC, et al
    Phase 1 trial of intranasal NDV-HXP-S in previously vaccinated adults.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128870.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. KAUTZ A, Yang DH, Chickery S, Irving SA, et al
    Influence of correlated vaccination behaviors on estimates of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in older adults - VISION network, October 2023 - March 2024.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128891.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. BROWN J, Brennan H, Levine CB, Gwynn L, et al
    A historical overview of the anti-vaccine movement and its public health implications.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128903.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
28. DEPICKERE S, Pannus P, Houben S, Charles A, et al
    Safety and immunogenicity of a reduced, homologous booster dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine: a single blind, randomized, non-inferiority follow-up trial.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128897.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
29. KANDULU CC, Fleming A, O'Mahony A, McHugh S, et al
    Barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination programme implementation in Ireland: a qualitative study of implementation stakeholders using CFIR.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128909.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
30. WILLIAMS J, Degeling C, Donovan L, Wiley K, et al
    Australians' attitudes to mRNA vaccination in humans and animals: A cross-sectional survey.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128907.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
31. SANDERS JG, Kroese F, Mehra S, Stok M, et al
    Switching the default: a formative evaluation of pre-booked appointments on COVID-19 vaccination uptake and effects on intended uptake.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128967.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
32. MAZIBUKO L, Hoor D, Nxumalo V, Nxumalo S, et al
    The association of individual, interpersonal and social support factors with willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 in rural South Africa.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128998.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
33. AUGUSTO LV, de Araujo LP, Silva EN, Gutierres JM, et al
    Intersection of vaccination, health literacy, education, and communication in South America: A scientometric mapping.
    Vaccine. 2026;89:128986.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
34. SUZUKI Y, Arita T, Shirakura M, Kishida N, et al
    A novel candidate vaccine virus derived from Japan's first mammalian case of clade 2.3.4.4b A/H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus.
    Vaccine. 2026;91:129048.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
35. DHANDA S, Morris DE, Morton K, Hazell L, et al
    Enhanced passive safety surveillance (EPSS) of a seasonal intranasal influenza vaccine (Fluenz(R) Tetra) in children in England: methodology, results and lessons learned from eight influenza seasons (2015/2016 to 2022/2023).
    Vaccine. 2026;91:129007.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
36. HERMANN E, Krammer F
    The return of H1N1: Reemergence of the influenza virus A subtype H1N1 in 1977.
    Vaccine. 2026;91:128963.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    

A randomised, open-label clinical study on the efficacy of #baloxavir marboxil and #oseltamivir for post-exposure #prevention of #influenza in a #hospital setting: a study protocol

 

Abstract

Introduction 

Healthcare settings are high-risk environments for the transmission of respiratory viruses. Effective strategies to prevent hospital-acquired influenza, particularly post-exposure prophylaxis for close contacts (CCs), are urgently needed. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) and oseltamivir in preventing influenza virus infection among CCs who have been exposed to confirmed influenza cases and are unable to be immediately isolated in the hospital ward.

Methods and analysis 

This multicentre, randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled trial involves hospitalised patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza (index patients) and their CCs. CCs will be randomised into three groups: baloxavir marboxil, oseltamivir or placebo. Baloxavir (40 mg or 80 mg for ≥80 kg) will be administered as a single dose on day 1, while oseltamivir (75 mg) will be given once a day for 5 days. CCs will be monitored for influenza-like symptoms, with respiratory samples collected for rapid antigen test or reverse-transcription PCR testing at baseline, day 5±1 and day 10±1 or earlier if symptoms develop. The primary outcome is the 5-day incidence of clinical influenza, defined as laboratory-confirmed infection with concurrent fever and at least one respiratory symptom. Secondary outcomes will include the 5-day incidence of laboratory-confirmed influenza, the 10-day incidence of clinical influenza and the percentage of CCs infected with resistance-associated treatment-emergent influenza variants.

Ethics and dissemination 

The study has been approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (2024-KY-401). The results of the study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal with online accessibility. The full protocol, de-identified participant data and statistical code will be openly available in a public repository within 12 months after trial completion.

Trial registration number NCT06762587. 

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

Source: 

Link: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/16/8/e118748

____

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, August 16 '26)-

 

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

1. RAO RM, Kumar N, P SP, Rao MJ, et al
   Convergent genetic and structural parameters of cardiovascular disease related insights of post-acute COVID-19.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026;831:154319.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
2. LIU C, Yan Z, Tao Z, Yang W, et al
   C5a-C5aR1 axis activation drives neutrophil extracellular trap formation in SARS-CoV-2 N protein-mediated acute kidney injury.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026;831:154305.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Clin Microbiol

3. AEBISCHER A, Gunther A, Piesche R, Wernike K, et al
   Development of a multi-species luciferase-based double-antigen ELISA for the detection of antibodies against influenza A virus H5 clade 2.3.4.4b.
   J Clin Microbiol. 2026 Aug 13:e0190725. doi: 10.1128/jcm.01907.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Gen Virol

4. LOZANO-MONTALBA L, Denis Z, Courgnaud V, Moreno-Garcia J, et al
   Glycosphingolipids are essential entry factors for non-influenza orthomyxoviruses.
   J Gen Virol. 2026;107.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Immunol

5. MCKERNAN KE, Cephus JY, Kuehnle SN, Henriquez-Pilier E, et al
   Deficiency in circulating T cells in four core genotypes mice with Sry translocation.
   J Immunol. 2026;215:vkag207.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Infect

6. HANSEN CL, Shaikh N, Naeger S, Torcel-Pagnon L, et al
   Hospitalizations and deaths from major respiratory viruses in the US: An ensemble time series modeling study, 2016-2025.
   J Infect. 2026;93:106811.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
7. VINK E, Murphy ME, Gunson R, MacConnachie A, et al
   Respiratory viral detection in adult severe acute respiratory infection post-COVID-19 pandemic: implications for antimicrobial stewardship.
   J Infect. 2026;93:106805.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
8. RAN J, Zhu L, Ning M, Zhang W, et al
   Age-associated impairment of humoral and cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in a large community cohort with hybrid immunity.
   J Infect. 2026 Jul 1:106803. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106803.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
9. KONG M, Gao HX, Song XD, Yang GJ, et al
   Convergent neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants over 2.5 years after BA.5/BF.7 breakthrough infection.
   J Infect. 2026 Jun 18:106799. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106799.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
10. ATUKORALE VN, Kwong JC, Hernandez A, Moineddin R, et al
    Factors associated with severe health outcomes among community-dwelling older adults hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus.
    J Infect. 2026;93:106797.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
11. DONG S, Li M, Huo D, Zhao H, et al
    Impact of EV-A71 vaccination and non-pharmaceutical interventions on hand, foot, and mouth disease: A 14-year interrupted time series analysis.
    J Infect. 2026;93:106795.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
12. TRUONG T, Radin JM, Li L, Ordonez-Mena JM, et al
    Burden and economic impact of RSV hospitalisations among English adults, 2023/24.
    J Infect. 2026;93:106792.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. WANG X, Yin J, Xu B, Guanhua X, et al
    Clinical epidemiological characteristics of hospitalized pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in China.
    J Infect. 2026 Jun 10:106793. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106793.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    J Virol

14. PULIT-PENALOZA J, Belser JA, Brock N, Kieran TJ, et al
    Risk assessment of avian influenza A(H5N5) virus from the first human case using the ferret model.
    J Virol. 2026 Aug 11:e0085626. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00856.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    N Engl J Med

15. LIU Z, Zhang L, Jiang M
    Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults.
    N Engl J Med. 2026;395:724.
    PubMed        
    
    
16. LOCQUET M, Dogne JM
    Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults.
    N Engl J Med. 2026;395:724-725.
    PubMed        
    
    
17. HUANG G, Das R, Wilson E
    Efficacy and Safety of an mRNA Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Adults. Reply.
    N Engl J Med. 2026;395:725-726.
    PubMed        
    
    

    
    Pediatrics

18. 
    Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2026-2027: Policy Statement.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 10. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-078778.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
19. 
    Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2026-2027: Technical Report.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Aug 10. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-078779.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Comput Biol

20. FORNA A, Damodaran L, Gunning CE, Rahimi P, et al
    Alignment-free prediction of cross-reactivity in influenza A (H3N2) anticipates antigenic drift.
    PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014628.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS One

21. MURPHY C, Cheng SMS, Mak L, So HC, et al
    Diagnostic agreement between Rhinoswabs and joint nose and throat swabs for the detection of influenza and SARS-CoV-2 among symptomatic ambulatory patients in Hong Kong.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355869.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. KILDAY D, Korvink M, Tatum D, Cao Z, et al
    Association between COVID-19 by variant period and delivery-related outcomes in the United States.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355223.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
23. TAMAKI S, Kawashima R, Uematsu T, Kawakami F, et al
    Eosinophil-associated intestinal immune responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18-hACE2 mice.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355607.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
24. PIETAN L, Phillippi E, Melo M, El-Shanti H, et al
    Genome-wide machine learning analysis of anosmia and ageusia with COVID-19.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355832.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
25. CHEN PY, Dang LH, Hung SH
    The association between meteorological factors and influenza incidence in Taiwan: Regional heterogeneity and subtropical climate variability.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355559.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. PARK S, Kwon JA, Kim HS, Choi Y, et al
    Socioeconomic differences in influenza vaccination coverage by government financial support status: A population-based study in Korea.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0353764.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. ALSHAHRANI A, Reddy RS, Gular K, Kakaraparthi VN, et al
    Postural control and trunk mobility impairments in adults with long COVID: A cross-sectional study using computerized posturography and clinical biomechanical tools.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354593.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
28. TUT G, Lancaster T, Sylla P, Bone D, et al
    High rates of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in residents of long term care facilities despite robust spike-specific immunity following serial vaccination.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354079.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
29. KIM Y, Lee J, Park J
    Concentration of hospital utilization in the capital area among elderly inpatients from non-capital regions in South Korea: Before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0336744.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
30. FREIRE SF, Shimizu IS, Lima CAS, Adhikari NKJ, et al
    The association between resource availability and knowledge, attitudes, and practice about protective ventilation among ICU directors - A nationwide cross-sectional survey.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355354.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
31. KARADUMAN E, Toprak N, Cevik A, Erail S, et al
    Factors associated with fear and coping strategies during pandemic in female university students: The moderator role of physical activity and infection status.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0355544.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
32. IRIEMENAM NC, Osawe S, Akanbi OA, Akinmulero O, et al
    High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in three states of Nigeria from August to December 2022.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0354606.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

33. DIAZ TOVAR JS, Dos Reis FP, Moriyama LT, Pego-Fernandes PM, et al
    Anatomy-resolved digital twin framework for personalized light dosimetry in lung therapies.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2612370123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

34. GEBREMARIAM AG, Genie M, Le H, Regan A, et al
    Vaccine uptake in the context of mandate announcement and removal: Evidence from Europe and North America.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128825.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
35. FAVRE G, Pfund A, Gerbier E, Anselem O, et al
    Acceptability and preferences regarding RSV immunisation during pregnancy: a cross-sectional study in diverse global settings.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128783.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
36. CARAZO S, Skowronski DM, Sauvageau C, Talbot D, et al
    2024/25 end-of-season KP.2 vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 hospitalization in older adults: a test-negative study in Quebec, Canada.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128786.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
37. EBRAHIMI N, de Whalley P, Kanji N, Ramasamy MN, et al
    ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine: Long-term safety and immunological responses.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128951.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
38. DALEXIS RD, Beogo I, Xu Y, Muray M, et al
    Post-COVID-19 pandemic inequities in routine childhood immunization in Canada: racial disparities in uptake of polio, meningococcal conjugate, and varicella vaccines.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128931.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
39. HUSSAIN HS, Yousafzai MT, Iqbal J, Aslam ZM, et al
    Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of fractional vs. full booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines: A non-inferiority, randomized, double-blind, phase IV clinical trial in Pakistan.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128918.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
40. YOON SK, Phillips AL, Battan-Wraith S, Thiese MS, et al
    Real-world effectiveness and safety of protein-based and mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (BEEHIVE trial).
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128954.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
41. DIARRA M, Li S, Gaur S, Greenberg P, et al
    Understanding parent motivation for participating in the Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine trial.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128960.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
42. BELL S, Chantler T, Passanante A, Pryce J, et al
    Maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine perceptions amongst pregnant women and mothers of infants and toddlers in England: a qualitative study.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128955.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
43. MAEDA H, Igarashi A, Mitsui S, Suzuki K, et al
    Interim analysis of effectiveness of JN.1-adapted conventional and self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccines against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults aged >/=60 years, Japan, October 2024-April 2025.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128964.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
44. BARASA L, Onyango G
    The institutional roots of vaccine uptake and hesitancy: evidence from Africa.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128980.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
45. LI J, Wang Z, Gong Y
    Country-level immunization recovery and DTP1 no-dose proxy burden after COVID-19: a descriptive ecological analysis of WUENIC, 2010-2024.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128973.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
46. KIM T, Wang X, Rajtmajer S, Harden JJ, et al
    Elected officials' online anti-vaccination statements respond to online engagement.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128901.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
47. C M, Dymock M, Flanagan KL, Plebanski M, et al
    The Platform trial In COVID-19 priming and BOOsting (PICOBOO): The immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of seven licensed COVID-19 vaccines delivered as fifth dose or subsequent boosters in immunocompetent adults.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128970.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
48. DE PADUA MC, Antunes MOB, Stein RT, Pinto LA, et al
    Effectiveness of BNT162B2 and CoronaVac vaccines in reducing COVID-19 severity among children aged 3-4 years in Brazil.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128974.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
49. TAY CJX, Koh CWT, Ooi JSG, Li HE, et al
    Over-induction of innate immune responses suppresses T cell response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128983.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
50. RAFIZADEH A, Wijekoon D, Aung ET, Aguirre I, et al
    Influenza vaccination uptake among people living with HIV in Melbourne, 2015-2025: a repeated cross-sectional study.
    Vaccine. 2026;90:129038.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
51. SAITOH A, Takaku M
    Partner awareness and support for maternal RSV vaccination: a paired survey of pregnant women and co-residing partners in Japan.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128946.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
52. PAUL KK, Newall AT
    The cost of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) across all ages to the Australian healthcare system.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128922.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
53. AUNG TN, Muyindike W, Hoeppner SS, Nanfuka V, et al
    COVID-19 vaccination among people with HIV in Uganda: lessons from a high-risk group with high vaccine uptake for the next pandemic.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128912.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
54. HENSLEY AA, Jiles KA, Edwards S, Clinchard C, et al
    Characteristics of successful and unsuccessful strategies to increase vaccine intention and improve vaccine uptake for U.S. adult populations in the Affordable Care Act era (2010-2025): a systematic review and meta-regression.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128910.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
55. MCCONEGHY KW, Wilker EH, DeVone F, Skov B, et al
    Vaccine effectiveness of mRNA-1345 against RSV-associated hospitalization and medically attended acute respiratory illness among US veterans, 2025-2026.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128882.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
56. NAKANO T, Iwata S, Oishi K, Iguchi E, et al
    Immunogenicity and safety of a SARS-CoV-2 recombinant vaccine S-268024 booster vaccination versus NVX-CoV2373: Interim results from a phase 3, multicenter, randomized, observer-blind, active-controlled study.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128871.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
57. MALTEZOU HC, Borg M, Botelho-Nevers E, Brantsaeter AB, et al
    Vaccination policies for healthcare personnel in Europe, 2026.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128839.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
58. MYERS TR, Zauche LH, Marquez PL, McCullum I, et al
    V-safe: Summary of findings reported after COVID-19 vaccination to a US CDC active safety surveillance system through June 2023.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128725.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
59. PRAT-AYMERICH C, Yeghiazaryan L, Pathirana RD, Gautier V, et al
    A prematurely terminated phase 2, randomised trial to evaluate immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a single versus two-dose primary vaccination regimen of the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 in previously SARS-CoV-2 infected children 5-11 years old (CoVacc tri
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128769.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
60. SINGER D, La EM, Dubois de Gennes C, Graham J, et al
    Public health impact and cost-effectiveness of adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccination among US adults aged 18-49 years at increased risk for severe RSV disease.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128770.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
61. GONDWE KW, Hearst MO, Mbutuka HR, Khwepeya M, et al
    Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among refugee women at Dzaleka refugee camp in Malawi.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128862.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
62. LIU Z, Wang X, Hu Y, Duan X, et al
    Burden of infection and hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus-associated acute lower respiratory tract infections in Chinese children: Modeling of national, regional, and provincial estimates.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128875.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
63. MORIO R, Takazono T, Morimoto S, Ashizawa N, et al
    Comparison of immunogenicity of mRNA and protein subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in dialysis patients: a multicenter study.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128861.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
64. TORKAMAN-ASADI F, Bakhtiari S, Safarzadeh M, Riahi-Rad Z, et al
    Clinical outcomes among SARS-CoV-2 omicron-infected adults according to prior infection and vaccination history in Iran: A retrospective registry-based study.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128868.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
65. FLEMING JA, Colistro V, Knudson S, Colomar M, et al
    Timing and frequency of antenatal care visits in relation to maternal respiratory syncytial virus vaccine opportunities in four Latin American countries.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128854.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
66. ASAGA PM, Kroeger A, Yako A, Makpo J, et al
    Global misinformation, local consequences: conspiracy theory endorsement and a graded association with COVID-19 vaccine refusal across Nigeria.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128827.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
67. RICKE IJ, Ward C, Spaulding AB, Sherwood NE, et al
    Caregiver COVID-19 vaccine status and its influence on pediatric vaccination decisions in a US cohort.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128847.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
68. RAZZAGHI H, Garacci E, Kahn KE, Meghani M, et al
    Maternal and infant immunizations for respiratory diseases, United States, may 2025.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128823.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Virology

69. BYRNE AMP, James J, Thomas SS, Warren CJ, et al
    Impact of prior low-pathogenicity avian influenza H7N7 exposure on susceptibility and protection against homologous high-pathogenicity avian influenza H7N7 challenge in chickens.
    Virology. 2026;624:111047.
    PubMed         Abstract available