#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, July 25 '26)

 

Ann Intern Med

1. JOHNSON D, Quinn S, Algase LF, Watkins C Jr, et al
   Telemedicine Policy and Practice: A Position Paper From the American College of Physicians.
   Ann Intern Med. 2026 May 12. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-04194.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   BMC Pediatr

2. KHALILIAN MR, Goudarzi A, Karimi A, Fahimzad A, et al
   Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac involvement in pediatric COVID-19 patients: a cross-sectional study.
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:677.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Clin Microbiol

3. LUUKINEN B, Lang M, Peltola M, Soinila A, et al
   From triplex to tetraplex: evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the new Roche Cobas Liat SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B & RSV assay.
   J Clin Microbiol. 2026 Jul 20:e0027426. doi: 10.1128/jcm.00274.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Infect Dis

4. ZHOU W
   Repeated Influenza Vaccination in Children: Effect Scale, Timing, and Causal Interpretation.
   J Infect Dis. 2026 Jul 24:jiag386. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed        
   
   

   
   J Virol

5. FAN M, Liu Z, Deng L, Zheng Y, et al
   LncRNA ckATP1A1-AS1 inhibits influenza A virus replication by mediating innate immune responses and suppressing viral nuclear import.
   J Virol. 2026 Jul 24:e0025926. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00259.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
6. ADENUGBA AR, Bohn P, Yu J, Fehrholz M, et al
   Sequence heterogeneity in pneumonia virus of mice reveals G gene-dependent modulation of virulence.
   J Virol. 2026;100:e0010326.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
7. MURRAY A, Nagaraj D, Schultz EM, Aloisio G, et al
   RSV can infect the human nasal epithelium via the basolateral route and shows distinct subgroup infectivity and basal cell tropism.
   J Virol. 2026;100:e0037426.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
8. AO Z, Vendramelli R, Buyu M, Truong T, et al
   A VSV-vector vaccine simultaneously targeting H5N1 hemagglutinin and matrix protein 2 induces robust neutralizing and ADCC antibody responses and provides full protection against lethal H5N1 infection in a mouse model.
   J Virol. 2026 Jun 16:e0009726. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00097.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
9. ZHANG Q, Xin J, Wang C, Zhang X, et al
   Cleavage of TOM1 by the SARS-CoV-2 main protease NSP5 prevents autophagic degradation of viral envelope.
   J Virol. 2026 Jun 12:e0043426. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00434.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
10. GIL-REDONDO JC, Riomoros-Barahona V, Valiente L, Valbuena A, et al
    Different mechanisms for human rhinovirus survival in the presence of deleterious amino acid substitutions at virion protein-protein or RNA-protein interfaces.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0051126.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
11. WILT I, Jolley AA, Rahman K, Lai KK, et al
    IFITM1 and IFITM3 cooperate to restrict virus entry in endolysosomes.
    J Virol. 2026;100:e0067726.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
12. VARGAS DA, Albornoz LL, Pena-Morales M, Ortiz Rojas HJ, et al
    Within-host SARS-CoV-2 diversity in immunocompromised patients during acute infection.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0222425. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02224.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. YU H-M, Zhu M-L, Zhao Y-L, Tan J-X, et al
    Research progress on the association between viruses and cardiac diseases.
    J Virol. 2026 Jun 9:e0038326. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00383.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    J Virol Methods

14. HSIEH YH, Su CC, Lee CC, Chen PL, et al
    Analytical characteristics of the NeuMoDx SARS-CoV-2 assay and clinical agreement with the BD MAX system.
    J Virol Methods. 2026;345:115431.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
15. WANG B, Wang J, Sun Z, Sun G, et al
    Epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus in children during 2021-2024.
    J Virol Methods. 2026;345:115433.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Pediatrics

16. KAO CM, Bahakel H, Heald-Sargent TA, Minniear TD, et al
    Influenza, COVID-19, and RSV Vaccinations for Immunocompromised Children and Household Contacts.
    Pediatrics. 2026 Jul 23:e2026075971. doi: 10.1542/peds.2026-075971.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Genet

17. WEYKOPF G, Bickmore WA, Biddie SC, Friman ET, et al
    Identifying severe COVID-19 risk variants modulating enhancer reporter activity in lung cells.
    PLoS Genet. 2026;22:e1012222.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Med

18. LI W, Yang W, Liu Y, Yao Y, et al
    Assessing spatial transmission risk of respiratory infectious diseases across cities of different socioeconomic tiers in China: A modelling study.
    PLoS Med. 2026;23:e1005172.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
19. GRAIS RF
    Whose fears count? Legitimacy, trust and viral outbreak responses after COVID-19.
    PLoS Med. 2026;23:e1005184.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS One

20. CHURCHILL BF, Gao XS, Rong R
    Partisan differences in healthcare decision-making: Evidence from a vaccine experiment.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0352319.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
21. SCHEPISI C, Ventura M, Di Napoli A, Aragona M, et al
    The effect of COVID-19 and socioeconomic inequalities on emergency department accesses for psychiatric conditions.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0324305.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. SUZUKI T, Kita Y, Yanagida K, Maeda K, et al
    Molecular signature of COVID-19 prior to its exacerbation by multi-omics survey.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0352423.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
23. ELLIS K, Hall P, Robinson L, Ruiz S, et al
    COVID-19 vaccine confidence among adults of pima county using the NIMHD minority health and health disparities research framework: A qualitative analysis.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0353345.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
24. HIRSCH JA, Besser LM, Pescador Jimenez M, Dickinson ST, et al
    Spatial and neighborhood data in the collaborative cohort of cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R).
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0352170.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
25. LA EM, Gallington K, Singer D, Fikre T, et al
    US healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding RSV disease and vaccination in adults during the 2024-2025 RSV season.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0353266.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. HAMUNAKWADI DL, Smith SL
    The news media and the agenda for noncommunicable diseases before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: Losing the competition for coverage and framing responsibility for action in Malawi.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0341285.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. IBRAHIM S, Yakubu Y, Appiagyei K, Sylvester AFD, et al
    Factors associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana: A case-control study.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0332561.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

28. MISTRY HB
    Hazard curvature makes within-host variability costly for survival.
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2610568123.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

29. OKOLI GN, Sullivan SG, Harper DM, Tsang TK, et al
    A systematic meta-analytic comparative evaluation of seasonal influenza vaccine effectiveness from test-negative design studies in the Northern Hemisphere pre/post COVID-19 pandemic.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128956.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
30. WANG WC, Alhashimi M, Gairola V, Murala MST, et al
    Lung-resident T-cell immunity dominates protection induced by an intranasal adenoviral nucleoprotein influenza vaccine.
    Vaccine. 2026;88:128962.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Virology

31. YOSHIDA K, Yamamoto S, Ogasawara N, Taniguchi K, et al
    Innate immune-regulated sulfated glycosaminoglycans are associated with progeny respiratory syncytial virus retention at the cell surface in immortalized cell lines.
    Virology. 2026;623:110974.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
32. DICKERSON A, Cruceanu A, Pokharel BR, Majumdar N, et al
    Deciphering the miR-29c-3p / TET3 regulatory axis within the SARS-CoV-2-infected midbrain.
    Virology. 2026;623:110989.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
33. WANG Z, Pan Q, Arduini A, Liang C, et al
    Identification of SARS-CoV-2 proteins suppressing host protein synthesis.
    Virology. 2026;623:111006.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
34. MANDVIWALA AS, Liman K, Huckriede ALW, Mishra AC, et al
    Evaluation of MPLA and chimeric TLR agonist adjuvants in RSV virus-like particle vaccines delivered by the intramuscular route.
    Virology. 2026;623:111007.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
35. ABDEL-MONEIM AS, Al-Balushi MS, Al-Jabri AA
    Post-COVID-19 immune dysregulation and autoimmune sequelae.
    Virology. 2026;623:111017.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Virus Res

36. TANG Y, Gao X, Ding H, Kong L, et al
    Biological Aging, Immune Phenotypes, and Susceptibility to COVID-19 and Sepsis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
    Virus Res. 2026;370:199756.
    PubMed         Abstract available

Identifying the viral and #epidemiological factors behind the apparent global #extinction of #influenza B/Yamagata

 

Abstract

Until 2020, two lineages of the influenza B virus had co-circulated globally. Measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic led to a near-absence of influenza infections. While B/Victoria reemerged in late 2021, there have been no reports of B/Yamagata since the pandemic. To investigate which epidemiological and immunological factors were primarily responsible for the extinction of B/Yamagata, we developed a global model for the two influenza B lineages. To mimic the transmission impacts of the pandemic, we implemented a transient reduction in contacts and identified parameter values that recapitulated viral coexistence dynamic before the pandemic and the qualitative post-pandemic outcomes of B/Victoria (reemergence in late 2021) and B/Yamagata (extinction). Our results suggest that, rather than immunological or evolutionary mechanisms, the extinction of B/Yamagata was mainly driven by its lower basic reproduction number making the virus particularly vulnerable during the early phase of the pandemic. Stochastic simulations of our best-fitting model suggest that B/Victoria was also close to extinction during this period. We investigate the model to assess the feasibility of B/Victoria eradication through vaccination and the potential for a sustained re-emergence of B/Yamagata in the 2026-27 flu season, thus highlighting important considerations for biosafety.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Source: 

Link: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.22.26358639v1

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Loss of #hemagglutination ability by #H3N2 #influenza A virus, subclade K.

 

Abstract

Seasonal human H3N2 influenza viruses, subclade K (J.2.4.1), have been the predominant influenza A viruses in the Northern hemisphere influenza season of 2025/2026. Since 2024, the vaccine virus A/Darwin/6/21 has emerged in different antigenic variants. Antigenic changes are frequently caused by amino acid substitutions near the hemagglutinin (HA) receptor-binding pocket, which can also affect receptor binding properties, such as hemagglutination. Hemagglutination is crucial for assessing antigenicity using the hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) assay, and a loss of binding to turkey erythrocytes could significantly hamper this process. In this study, we explored how substitutions in or around the HA receptor-binding site affect binding to glycans at the molecular level. We employed ELISA, glycan array, flow cytometry, hemagglutination assays, and tissue staining. Substitutions at positions 140, 192, and 223 establish clade J viruses that emerged in 2024. Computational analysis of HA in complex with an elongated glycan reveals that mutation F192 forms a CH-Pi interaction to stabilize the binding. Based on this background, substitutions in antigenic sites A and B within subclade K viruses exhibit a binding preference for elongated glycans, which are not displayed on turkey erythrocytes. Conversely, our previously established glyco-remodeled erythrocytes are efficiently bound by these subclade K H3N2 viruses and could support influenza surveillance and vaccine development.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Funder Information Declared

CSC fellowship, (202209120001)

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, R01 AI165692

Source: 

Link: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.07.20.739523v1

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#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, July 19 '26)

 

BMC Pediatr

1. CHOO MY, Lum LCS, Jalal MIA, Ooi KS, et al
   Nutritional disparities between urban poor and non-poor Malaysian children under five in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
2. KENDRIC KJ, Durrani TS
   Trends in pediatric household cleaning product exposures before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a national poison data system analysis (2016-2023).
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:658.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Epidemiol Infect

3. AMEMIYA Y, Nishiura H
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4. MCGEOCH L, Stoker K, Rome M, Carey C, et al
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Epidemiol Community Health

5. WING K, Morton C, Mahalingasivam V, Costello RE, et al
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   J Infect Dis

6. FLANNERY B, Chung JR, Holiday C, Jefferson S, et al
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   J Virol

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    PLoS Comput Biol

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    PLoS One

13. OKUI T
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#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, July 11 '26)

 

BMC Pediatr

1. HEIBA D, Salem N, Antonios M, Shoman W, et al
   Comparative study of post- COVID-19 Kawasaki disease and multisystem inflammatory syndrome cases at Alexandria University Children's Hospital.
   BMC Pediatr. 2026;26:644.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
2. LIN C, Zhu Z, Li Y, Wei J, et al
   Diagnostic value of cytokine detection in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated by bacterial or viral co-infections.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Epidemiol Infect

3. DAVOODI Z, Laurie C, Tingley K, Skidmore B, et al
   Risk-of-bias assessment of vaccine effectiveness studies: a scoping review of systematic reviews.
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   J Clin Microbiol

5. MCTAGGART LR, Eshaghi A, Cronin K, Patel SN, et al
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   J Infect

6. LI Y, Zhang T, Gao J
   Home-Based Rapid Testing and Early Antiviral Treatment as a Potential Strategy to Blunt Pediatric Influenza Peak.
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   J Infect Dis

7. SKELLINGTON CN, Schmidt K, Schofield C, Ganesan A, et al
   The Effect of Prevaccination Analgesics on Influenza Vaccine Immunogenicity and Effectiveness.
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   J Virol

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   MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep

10. PATRICK R, Lee K, Kuan M, Chan M, et al
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    Pediatrics

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    PLoS Comput Biol

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    PLoS One

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    Vaccine

27. ZHANG L, Lin T, Wang M, Ma X, et al
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#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, July 5 '26)

 

Ann Intern Med

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   PubMed        
   
   
2. XIE Y, Choi T, Al-Aly Z
   Adverse Events After Same-Day COVID-19 and Influenza Vaccination Versus Influenza Vaccination Alone : A Target Trial Emulation.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
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36. KIERNAN EA, Guzman JD
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    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

37. CAO J, Liu S, Su C, Wang L, et al
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38. METZGER SM, Jones TC, Meier JIJ, Richter A, et al
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39. TYLLIS TS, Norton TS, Abbott C, McPeake DJ, et al
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40. SOEWONGSONO AC, Thompson A, Landis MJ
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    Vaccine

41. YADEGARYNIA D, Keyvanfar A, Keyvani H, Tehrani S, et al
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42. BARBAROUX A, Serati I, Milhabet I
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43. MORRIS SE, O'Halloran A, Sundaresan D, Olson SM, et al
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44. HALWE NJ, Krammer F
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    PubMed         Abstract available

#Pixavir Marboxil: First Approval

 

Abstract

Pixavir marboxil (Yilikang®; 壹立康®) is an oral cap-snatching endonuclease inhibitor being developed by TaiGen Biotechnology for the treatment of influenza virus infections. Pixavir marboxil recently received approval in China for the treatment of uncomplicated influenza A and B in previously healthy adults and adolescents aged ≥ 12 years. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of pixavir marboxil leading to this first approval for uncomplicated influenza A and B infections.

Source: 

Link: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40265-026-02320-2

____

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, June 27 '26)

 

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Identification of HLA-A33-restricted #CD8+ T cell epitopes from avian #influenza #H5N1

 

Abstract

The rapid evolution of avian influenza A/H5N1, including the recent U.S. clade 2.3.4.4b outbreak, highlights its pandemic potential and the urgent need for durable, broadly protective vaccines. Given the capacity of CD8+ T cells to mediate cross-strain immunity, we investigated whether geographically distinct HLA-A33 allotypes, HLA-A*33:01 in East/Southeast Asia and HLA-A*33:03 in South Asia, differentially shape the influenza immunopeptidome and influence antiviral immunity. Antigen-presenting cells overexpressing HLA-A*33:01 or HLA-A*33:03 were transfected with single A/H5N1 antigens or infected with A/X-31 (H3N2) as a control comparison representing current seasonal influenza virus. We identified novel ligands restricted to HLA-A*33:01 (57 from A/H5N1; 55 from A/X-31) and HLA-A*33:03 (29 from A/H5N1; 45 from A/X-31). Although fewer peptides were recovered for HLA-A*33:03, a larger proportion of A/X-31-derived peptides were predicted as high-affinity binders (74%) compared with HLA-A*33:01 (61%), indicating qualitative differences in antigen presentation. To determine immunogenicity, peripheral blood lymphocytes from HLA-A*33:03-positive, A/H5N1-naïve donors were stimulated with four conserved peptides: PB2GTF, PB2KTY, NPSVQ and PB1MTK. All elicited robust CD8+ T cell activation despite the absence of prior A/H5N1 exposure, demonstrating cross-recognition by memory T cells primed against seasonal influenza. These findings define HLA-A33-restricted influenza epitopes and reveal allotype-specific presentation features that shape CD8+ T cell immunity. Conserved, immunogenic peptides identified here represent promising candidates for rational design of broadly cross-reactive vaccines to protect HLA-A33-expressing populations against severe A/H5N1 disease. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD078870.

Competing Interest Statement

AWP is a scientific advisor for Bioinformatics Solutions Inc (Canada), a shareholder and scientific advisor for Evaxion Biotech (Denmark), and a co-founder of Resseptor Therapeutics (Australia). These organisations had no role in the design of the study in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data in the writing of the manuscript or in the decision to publish the results. All other authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Funder Information Declared

NHMRC, 1122099, 2016596

Source: BioRxIV, https://www.biorxiv.org/

Link: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.21.733083v1

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#Antibodies against #influenza #H1N1pdm2009 and B/Victoria strains but not #H3N2 are increased in recent onset type 1 #narcolepsy versus matched controls

 

Abstract

Study Objectives: 

Onsets of Narcolepsy type-1 (NT1) increased following A/H1N1 vaccination with PandemrixTM in Europe and with A/H1N1pdm2009 infections in China and other countries. To test if other strains could trigger narcolepsy, we measured strain-specific antibodies in patients with recent onset NT1 compared to controls. 

Methods: 

Antibodies against hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) were tested in 62 patients with very recent onset (onset and blood collection following a single flu season, mean +/- SEM: 0.44 +/- 0.06 years since onset) and 100 controls matched by age, sex, season and year of collection (2000-2025). Results were next extended to 181 recent onset patients (mean +/- SEM: 1.00 +/- 0.05 years) versus 260 controls, matched by sex, season and year, but having a slightly higher mean age. HA inhibition (HAI) and NA inhibition (NAI) assays were conducted using flu strains known to circulate during the corresponding flu seasons. HAI results are shown as % positive (titers >= 40) and NAI results as geometric mean titers. Odds ratio (OR) and coefficient were used to compare antibody titers in NT1 versus controls. The contribution of each assay to prediction was finally quantified in the larger sample set using Shapley decomposition. 

Results: 

NT1 patients had increased anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies against A/H1N1pdm2009 (anti-HA OR = 3.86, anti-NA coefficient = 0.35) and B/Victoria (anti-HA OR =1.90, anti-NA coefficient = 0.22), but not A/H1N1pre2009, A/H3N2, or B/Yamagata, independent of HLA-DQB1*06:02 status, age, sex, and flu season. Correlations between anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies titers were weak to moderate but significant (r2=-0.10 to 0.34). Multivariable model outperformed age-only baseline (McFadden R2 = 0.19 vs. 0.03; AUC = 0.79 vs. 0.64; likelihood-ratio test X2 = 51, p<0.001), with anti-HA against A/H1N1pdm2009 (coefficient = 0.78, p < 0.001) and anti-NA against B/Victoria (coefficient = 0.69, p < 0.001) emerging as the strongest independent predictors. 

Conclusions: 

A/H1N1pdm2009 and B/Victoria, but not other strains can trigger the autoimmune process leading to orexin cell loss in narcolepsy.

Competing Interest Statement

The authors have declared no competing interest.

Source: 

Link: https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.06.13.26355596v1

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