ETIDIOH - NEW

  Abstract Wastewater surveillance of respiratory pathogens can provide timely estimates of viral activity and disease trends in a population . Indoor air surveillance could be used similarly with some advantages but remains largely unvalidated at the community-scale. Here, an indoor air surveillance program was employed as part of public health environmental surveillance in Chicago, Illinois , USA. Ten air samplers were placed in healthcare and congregate living settings across the city. Weekly air samples were evaluated for influenza A, influenza B, respiratory syncytial virus, and SARS-CoV- 2 over two respiratory virus seasons. Citywide, aggregated air sample positivity and viral load were closely correlated with local clinical case and wastewater surveillance data across all respiratory viruses. Virus trends in air data often preceded clinical and wastewater, although this varied across pathogens and respiratory virus seasons. Further, whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 show...

  Ann Intern Med LE VU M, Matthes KL, Schneider EB, Moerlen A, et al Maternal Influenza-Like Illness and Neonatal Health During the 1918 Influenza Pandemic in a Swiss City. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Oct 7. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-24-03796. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res SCHRELL L, Scheibner D, Dickmanns A, Stegmann KM, et al Inhibitors of pyrimidine synthesis synergize with N4-hydroxycytidine to diminish influenza virus replication. Antiviral Res. 2025 Oct 3:106286. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2025.106286. PubMed           Abstract available Epidemiol Infect VAN DER ROEST B, Fischer EAJ, Klinkenberg D, Bootsma MCJ, et al Phylodynamic inference suggests introductions as main driver of Mpox Clade II outbreak in 2022 in Slovenia. Epidemiol Infect. 2025;153:e115. PubMed           Abstract available WOLDEGIORGIS M, Bloomfield L, Korda R, Cadby G, et al Factors a...

  Am J Med WAHID L, Kwon T, Kreuziger LB, Kasthuri RS, et al Extended Thromboprophylaxis in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 at Time of Discharge is Not Associated with Improvement in Quality of Life. Am J Med. 2025;138:1464-1468. PubMed           Abstract available Biochem Biophys Res Commun ZHANG L, Li Y, Ye K, Wang P, et al Article I. metformin affects H1N1-induced apoptosis in lung epithelial cells by the miR-130a-5p-regulated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025;782:152526. PubMed           Abstract available J Gen Virol HA Y, Lee YH, Jo HS, Kwon TW, et al Susceptibility of different mouse strains to SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain protein-induced lung inflammation: a comparative study. J Gen Virol. 2025;106. PubMed           Abstract available J Infect Dis GAILLET A, Layese R, Fourati S, Celante H, et al Clinical Phenotype...

  Am J Med WAHID L, Kwon T, Kreuziger LB, Kasthuri RS, et al Extended Thromboprophylaxis in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 at Time of Discharge is Not Associated with Improvement in Quality of Life. Am J Med. 2025;138:1464-1468. PubMed           Abstract available Biochem Biophys Res Commun ZHANG L, Li Y, Ye K, Wang P, et al Article I. metformin affects H1N1-induced apoptosis in lung epithelial cells by the miR-130a-5p-regulated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2025;782:152526. PubMed           Abstract available J Gen Virol HA Y, Lee YH, Jo HS, Kwon TW, et al Susceptibility of different mouse strains to SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain protein-induced lung inflammation: a comparative study. J Gen Virol. 2025;106. PubMed           Abstract available J Infect Dis GAILLET A, Layese R, Fourati S, Celante H, et al Clinical Phenotype...

  Abstract Influenza virus cross-subtype antibodies targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) head are rare . Here, we found that a large proportion of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from individuals immunized with the 2021-22 seasonal influenza vaccine bound to an epitope on the HA head of both the H1N1 vaccine strain and H3N2 strains from the mid-1990s. These H1/H3 cross-reactive antibodies were also found in polyclonal sera , but only in samples from individuals born in the 1990s . Ferrets sequentially exposed to an H3N2 virus from the 1990s and a contemporary seasonal influenza vaccine produced the same type of H1/H3 cross-reactive antibodies. We found evidence that H1N1 viruses are currently evolving within the human population to abrogate the binding of these antibodies . Together, our study demonstrates how prior influenza virus exposures can influence the specificity of antibodies elicited by entirely different influenza virus subtypes, and how viruses evolve to escape these ...

  Summary -- What is already known about this topic? -  Influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE) is a rare, severe neurologic complication of influenza. -- What is added by this report? - During the high-severity 2024–25 influenza season, 109 U.S. pediatric IAE cases were identified; 55% of affected children were previously healthy . Thirty-seven IAE cases were subcategorized as acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), a severe form of IAE characterized by rapid neurologic decline and a poor prognosis . Overall, 74% of IAE patients were admitted to an intensive care unit , and 19% died ; 41% of ANE patients died. Only 16% of vaccine-eligible IAE patients had received the 2024–25 influenza vaccine. -- What are the implications for public health practice? - All children are at risk for severe neurologic complications of influenza . Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all children aged ≥6 months to prevent influenza and associated complications, potentially including ...

  Ann Intern Med FELDMAN CH, Santacroce L, Bassett IV, Thaweethai T, et al Social Determinants of Health and Risk for Long COVID in the U.S. RECOVER-Adult Cohort. Ann Intern Med. 2025 Jul 29. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-24-01971. PubMed           Abstract available Arch Virol PUENPA J, Dara S, Vichaiwattana P, Aeemjinda R, et al Seasonal dynamics and genetic diversity of human rhinoviruses in patients with acute respiratory infection in Bangkok in 2024. Arch Virol. 2025;170:208. PubMed           Abstract available J Gen Virol DI GENOVA C, Warren CJ, Johnson S, Riccio S, et al Pigeons exhibit low susceptibility and poor transmission capacity for H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b high pathogenicity avian influenza virus. J Gen Virol. 2025;106. PubMed           Abstract available PHAN N, Zaytseva Y, Lin CC, Mishra M, et al PUM2 binds SARS-CoV-2 RNA and PUM1 mildly reduces viral RNA levels...