#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 2 '26)

 

Ann Intern Med

1. COTTON D
   "Never More Than 15 Feet From the Respirator": Housestaff Research During the 1955 Boston Polio Epidemic.
   Ann Intern Med. 2026 Apr 28. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05440.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Clin Infect Dis

2. WALLS G, McGrath L, Herdman MT, Campbell AJ, et al
   Patient-reported perceptions, experiences and preferences around intravenous and oral antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a descriptive qualitative study.
   Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 24:ciaf522. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
3. SHAH AB, Lindsey KN, Zambrano LD, Free RJ, et al
   Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), United States, 2023-2024.
   Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag259. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
4. RAMACHANDRAN V, Onukwube Okaro J, Prasad N, Park S, et al
   Epidemiology of Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in 10 U.S. States, 2004-2023.
   Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag284. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Int J Infect Dis

5. SHAH P, Pischel L, Sack B, Km AB, et al
   Air Conditioning, Ventilation, and Respiratory Virus Transmission Potential in South India.
   Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 22:108724. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108724.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
6. REICH S
   Re: Petersen E, Hviid AP. Inosine pranobex as a treatment of SARS-CoV-2? Int J Infect Dis. 2026.
   Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 24:108736. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108736.
   PubMed        
   
   
7. TERLIESNER N, Lesniowski D, Unterwalder N, von Bernuth H, et al
   RSV as an independent driver of a subsequent influenza epidemic in Berlin before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
   Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108741. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108741.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
8. YAO C, Dong Y, Zou X, Alhaskawi A, et al
   Severe acute limb ischemia in patients with COVID-19: a single-center case series.
   Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108740. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108740.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Intensive Care Med

9. VENKATESAN N, Shah FA, Bain W, Yang Z, et al
   Risk heterogeneity within hypoinflammatory acute respiratory failure: continuous probabilities identify high-risk patients masked by binary classification.
   Intensive Care Med. 2026 Apr 27. doi: 10.1007/s00134-026-08406.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Infect

10. KIM HK, Jo S, Min KD, Cho SI, et al
    Effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Patients With Cancer: Evidence From a Nationwide Target Trial Emulation.
    J Infect. 2026 Apr 28:106753. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106753.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    J Med Virol

11. LARSEN L, Bistrup C, Sorensen SS, Jorgensen CS, et al
    Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Predictive Marker of Serotype-Specific Antibody Response Following the 13-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70949.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
12. WEISS JJ, Messina J, Saullo J, Li Y, et al
    Respiratory Viral Infections Following CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy.
    J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70941.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    J Virol

13. GUO D, Yu S, Ma K, Tao H, et al
    Concanavalin A targets phylogenetically conserved N-linked glycans on coronavirus spike proteins for broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
    J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0167925. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01679.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
14. NASIR A, Lee D, Avena LE, Berrueta DM, et al
    Predictive modeling of immune escape and antigenic grouping of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
15. CHEN L, Su H, Shang W, Nie T, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro mutations T21I and E166A confer differential resistance to simnotrelvir, bofutrelvir, and ensitrelvir.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
16. KOTANI N, Iwasa K, Amimoto T, Yamashita C, et al
    Pseudovirus-mediated proximity labeling identifies candidate host cell membrane proteins involved in viral attachment.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    JAMA

17. ANDERER S
    Most US Health Care Workers Vaccinated for Flu, Less Than Half for COVID-19.
    JAMA. 2026 May 1. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.2126.
    PubMed        
    
    

    
    Lancet

18. SHANKAR-HARI M, Ming D, Mendelson M, Rupali P, et al
    The Lancet Commission on Sepsis: transforming sepsis care and outcomes.
    Lancet. 2026 Apr 22:S0140-6736(26)00648-3. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00648.
    PubMed        
    
    

    
    Science

19. BOHM R, Schneider A, Betsch C, Lilleholt L, et al
    CDC communication undermines trust in vaccines.
    Science. 2026;392:475-477.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, May 2 '26)

 

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

1. SAKTHI P, Arun K, Priya D
   Integrative network pharmacology and molecular simulation analysis reveals the therapeutic potential of Coscinium fenestratum alkaloids against SARS-CoV-2.
   Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026;817:153681.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Epidemiol Infect

2. TOZDUMAN B, Gulle BT
   Influenza Vaccination Coverage and Determinants of Vaccination Among Older Adults in Turkey.
   Epidemiol Infect. 2026 Apr 30:1-17. doi: 10.1017/S0950268826101563.
   PubMed        
   
   

   
   J Gen Virol

3. CHIANG HL, Lin HT, Chen WY, Liang KH, et al
   Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies derived from mRNA LNP immunization exhibit potent neutralizing ability against JN.1, KP.3.1.1 and XEC new Omicron variants.
   J Gen Virol. 2026;107:002251.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Immunol

4. BENEZECH S, Picq L, Villard M, Rousseaux N, et al
   Single-cell analysis identifies CPT1a-associated metabolic remodeling in human NK cells during COVID-19.
   J Immunol. 2026;215:vkag036.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Infect Dis

5. O'HALLORAN A, Hood N, Ujamaa D, Merced-Morales A, et al
   Effects of age and birth cohort on influenza A virus subtype-specific hospitalization rates, United States 2010-2025.
   J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:jiag232. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
6. ISHIKAWA S, Okada N, Fukui Y, Ueha R, et al
   Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Mediated Gas6/Axl Axis Induces Hyporesponsive Macrophages to Promote Pneumococcal Proliferation in the Nasopharynx.
   J Infect Dis. 2026;233:674-684.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
7. ESNEAU C, Boettiger D, Leask S, Bryant NE, et al
   The Pandemic Respiratory Virus Epidemiological Surveillance Trial - A Self-swab Surveillance System for Respiratory Viruses Nested Within FluTracking.
   J Infect Dis. 2026;233:e1031-e1039.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   
8. KLAASSEN F, Swartwood NA, Chitwood MH, Lopes R, et al
   National- and State-level SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Trends From January 2020 to December 2023: a Mathematical Modeling Analysis.
   J Infect Dis. 2026;233:714-724.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Virol

9. DAINES R, Sadeyen J-R, Chang P, Iqbal M, et al
   Mapping hemagglutinin residues driving antigenic diversity in H5Nx avian influenza viruses.
   J Virol. 2026 Apr 30:e0009526. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00095.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Lancet

10. DU X, Anderson CS
    Off-target benefits of influenza vaccination in cardiovascular disease - Authors' reply.
    Lancet. 2026;407:1600.
    PubMed        
    
    
11. FROBERT O, Pedersen IB, Hjelholt AJ, Erikstrup C, et al
    Off-target benefits of influenza vaccination in cardiovascular disease.
    Lancet. 2026;407:1599-1600.
    PubMed        
    
    

    
    Pediatrics

12. ENGSTROM EE, Kaplan SL, Barson WJ, Lin PL, et al
    Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children: 2017-2023.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
13. KUTZ C, Alarcon-Andrade G, Aguilera E, Garfias C, et al
    Incidence and Severity of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Through the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
14. JACOBSON KB, Merchant M, Fireman B, Klein NP, et al
    SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Before and During Pregnancy and Prevention of Infant COVID-19 Infection.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
15. LOWENSTEIN C, Kamdar N, Rehkopf DH
    Trends in Youth Mental Health Among Patients in Family Medicine Practices: 2017-2023.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS Comput Biol

16. MOSS R, Tobin RJ, O'Hara-Wild M, Adekunle AI, et al
    Ensemble forecasts of COVID-19 activity to support Australia's pandemic response: 2020-22.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
17. PAMORNCHAINAVAKUL N, Schroeder DC, VanderWaal K
    QoALa: A comprehensive workflow for viral quasispecies diversity comparison using long-read sequencing data.
    PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014208.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    PLoS One

18. THIPAYAMASKOMON C, Grimaud O, Tattevin P, Lamhaut L, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
19. HU R, Valdivia A, White T, Ju W, et al
    Poldip2 deficiency attenuates lung disease severity in a mouse model of COVID-19.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
20. OKADA Y, Nishiura H
    Changes in life expectancy and life span equality during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020-22 in Japan.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
21. RODRIGUEZ-CRESPO JJ, Gutierrez-Leon E, Dammann-Beltran P, Seaman-Gomez JA, et al
    Outcomes in acute pulmonary embolism and their association with adherence to international recommendations around COVID-19 pandemic-induced hospital-strain: The experience in a Mexican tertiary care center.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
22. HASHEMPOUR Y, Zazouli MA, Jaafarzadeh N, Valadan R, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
23. SU B, Sun Z, Chen R, Liu H, et al
    Association between psychological distress, lifestyle and career planning on health-related quality of life among the university students during school closure of COVID-19 pandemic in China.
    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347032.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
24. WANG M, Laison EKE, Philippsen T, Ghaemi S, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
25. FATHELRAHMAN E, Mohamed Ali M, Challa TG, Osman R, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
26. BASHIR K, Ouedraogo MO, Dharma C, Sobers M, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
27. KO CC, Wu JY, Hung KC, Liao SW, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
28. LIU C, Yang L, Lei J
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
29. DAS N, Konduru L, Dahia SS, Sagnika S, et al
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    PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347320.
    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

30. RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ CJ, Cruz-Cruz A, Shrestha CL, Terekhova M, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
31. HUANG KA, Nguyen HTV, Chen YY, Wu KJ, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
32. ZHANG Y, Wang C, Zheng Y, Chen F, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
33. DE LACY N, Lam WY, Collins T, Danks D, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Vaccine

34. LIU Y, Jia M, Mu X, Jiang B, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
35. SILVA LL, Lopes VDS, da Silva DCB, Nemer CRB, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
36. JAMES E, Christie S, Boye B, Githieya D, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
37. MALDEN DE, Ackerson BK, Gee J, Peryer MA, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
38. FANTIN R, Das S, Loria V, Calderon A, et al
    Hybrid immunity provides stronger protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination alone: Evidence from a population-based active monitoring study.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
39. DENG L, Barton B, Choi P, Clarke L, et al
    Clinical, psychological and quality of life outcomes up to 12-months following thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome after ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccination in Australia.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
40. BRIGGS K, Gingerich MC, Gingerich A, Johnson SK, et al
    Intranasal PIV5-vectored SARS-COV-2 KP.2 vaccine protects against homologous and heterologous challenge in mice and hamsters.
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    
41. AZEEZ R, Ames SR, Lotoski LC, Winsor GL, et al
    Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike IgG antibody levels following two COVID-19 vaccine doses among children and adults in the Canadian CHILD Cohort.
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42. ROOYAKKERS A, Ye L, Cahn PE, Ruiz-Palacios GM, et al
    Relative efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity analysis of two doses versus one dose of recombinant coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) in adults 18 years and older: an international, multicentre, randomized, double blinded phase 3 trial.
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43. STRAUTINS K, Foong R, Carcione D, Spencer P, et al
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44. AIZAWA Y, Shobugawa Y, Tachikawa J, Ikuse T, et al
    Effectiveness of the COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccine against symptomatic omicron infection in children aged 6 months to 11 years in Japan.
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45. LLOYD PC, Shah PB, Zhang HT, Shah N, et al
    Safety monitoring of health outcomes following RSVPreF3 + AS01 and RSVPreF vaccination among Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older in the United States, 2023-2024.
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46. MADNI SA, Olson CK, Zauche LH, Machefsky A, et al
    Risk of perinatal death and preterm birth among an observational cohort of women vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy: CDC COVID-19 vaccine pregnancy registry.
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47. GIOVANATTI A, Shapiro AE
    Anticipating tuberculosis vaccine acceptability in Kenya and South Africa: a narrative review of behavioral and social drivers and strategies to optimize acceptability.
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48. GUARDALINI LGO, Martins IM, Bernardino TC, Quintilio W, et al
    Non-clinical analysis of virus-like particles (VLP) containing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigens.
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49. DURIER C, Benhamouda N, Besbes A, Lefebvre M, et al
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50. VISKUPIC F, Wiltse DL, Liebl Z, Kinslow T, et al
    The prevalence and nature of anti-vaccination legislation in ten midwestern states: Implications for public health and policy.
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51. DRISLANE S, Lake J, Attwell K
    Learning from government communication strategies to promote infant RSV immunisation: A cross-national study of France, Luxembourg, Spain, and Australia.
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52. CABIESES B, Obach A, Madrid P, Blukacz A, et al
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53. LU PJ, Hung MC, Srivastav A, Kriss JL, et al
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54. JANSSEN RS, Coffman RL
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56. COSTANTINO V, Notaras A, MacIntyre CR
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57. LLANES-KIDDER C, Gaythorpe K, Rawson T
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58. MCEVOY R, Hervol JR, Zhang Y, Wagner EM, et al
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Seasonal forcing and waning #immunity drive the sub-annual periodicity of the #COVID19 #epidemic

 

Abstract

Seasonal trends in infectious diseases are shaped by climatic and social factors, with many respiratory viruses peaking in winter. However, the seasonality of COVID-19 remains in dispute, with significant waves of cases across the United States occurring in both winter and summer. Using wavelet analysis of COVID-19 cases during the pandemic period, we find that the periodicity of epidemic COVID-19 varies markedly across the U.S. and correlates with winter temperatures, indicating seasonal forcing. However, seasonal forcing alone cannot explain the pattern of multiple waves per year that has been so characteristic of COVID-19. Using a modified SIRS model that allows specification of the tempo of waning immunity, we show that specific forms of non-durable immunity can sufficiently explain the sub-annual waves characteristic of the COVID-19 epidemic.

Source: 

Link: https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1014169

____

#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (by AMEDEO, April 25 '26)

 

Ann Intern Med

1. FRITZ JM, Skolasky RL, Brennan G, Minick K, et al
   Effectiveness of Nonpharmacologic Treatments for Chronic Low Back Pain : A Sequential, Multiple-Assignment, Randomized Trial.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Clin Infect Dis

2. BAKER JV, Siegel L, Losso M, Vasudeva S, et al
   Ensitrelvir for the treatment of hospitalized adults with COVID-19: an international phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial.
   Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 22:ciag272. doi: 10.1093.
   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   Int J Infect Dis

3. ZHAO CY, Wang FS, Jiao YM
   SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the immune control status in a male HIV-1 elite controller.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Infect

4. BEHARIER O, Guedalia J, Sehtman-Shachar DR, Kerem L, et al
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Med Virol

5. HO SY, Liu YC, Ho SY, Chen SH, et al
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6. AVILA JP, Park P, Singh Y, Amaral PP, et al
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7. KESKIN S, Pavel STI, Sak R, Bahadori F, et al
   Modified mRNA Encoding the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Nucleocapsid Protein Confers Robust Protection Against Lethal Challenge in Mice.
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   PubMed         Abstract available
   
   

   
   J Virol

8. SALISCH F, Muller-Ruttloff C
   Behind the membranous curtain-lipid dynamics and functions in coronaviral replication.
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9. YANG M, Zhao Y, Guo W, Wang L, et al
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10. ZHANG K, Wang S, Kang X, Li F, et al
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11. ZHAO J, Tian J, Zhang L, Li Y, et al
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Oral #Nirmatrelvir – Ritonavir for #Covid19 in Higher-Risk #Outpatients

 

Abstract

Background

Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir has been shown to reduce progression to severe illness from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in unvaccinated high-risk outpatients. The effectiveness of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in persons who have been vaccinated, infected naturally, or both is unclear.

Methods

In two open-label platform trials (PANORAMIC in the United Kingdom and CanTreatCOVID in Canada), we enrolled higher-risk adults (≥50 years of age or ≥18 years of age with coexisting conditions) in the community who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and had been unwell for 5 days or less. The participants were randomly assigned to receive usual care plus nirmatrelvir (300 mg)–ritonavir (100 mg) twice a day for 5 days or to receive usual care alone. The primary outcome was hospitalization or death from any cause within 28 days after randomization.

Results

From December 8, 2021, to September 30, 2024, a total of 3516 participants in the PANORAMIC trial and 716 participants in the CanTreatCOVID trial underwent randomization. In the PANORAMIC trial, 14 of 1698 participants (0.8%) in the nirmatrelvir–ritonavir group and 11 of 1673 participants (0.7%) in the usual-care group were hospitalized or died (adjusted odds ratio, 1.18; 95% Bayesian credible interval, 0.55 to 2.62; probability of superiority, 0.334). In the CanTreatCOVID trial, 2 of 343 participants (0.6%) in the nirmatrelvir–ritonavir group and 4 of 324 participants (1.2%) in the usual-care group were hospitalized or died (adjusted odds ratio, 0.48; 95% Bayesian credible interval, 0.08 to 2.23; probability of superiority, 0.830). In a substudy involving 634 participants, viral load was reduced by the end of treatment with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir. Serious adverse events with nirmatrelvir–ritonavir were reported in 9 participants in the PANORAMIC trial and in 4 participants in the CanTreatCOVID trial.

Conclusions

In two open-label trials, nirmatrelvir–ritonavir did not reduce the incidence of hospitalization or death among vaccinated higher-risk participants with SARS-CoV-2 infection. (Funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research, and others; PANORAMIC ISRCTN number, 2021-005748-31; CanTreatCOVID ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05614349.)

Source: 

Link: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2502457?query=TOC

____

#Ensitrelvir for the #treatment of hospitalized adults with #COVID19: an international phase 3 randomized placebo-controlled trial

 

Abstract

Background

Antivirals remain an important treatment strategy for persons who experience severe and life-threatening COVID-19. Ensitrelvir is an oral 3CL protease inhibitor with potent antiviral activity.

Methods

We conducted an international randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ensitrelvir with standard of care (SOC) among adults hospitalized for COVID-19. The primary outcome was clinical recovery assessed by the Days to Recovery Scale through Day 60 (DRS-60), analyzed using a Van Elteren test.

Results

From 2023 to 2025, 589 participants received blinded study treatment (293 ensitrelvir and 296 placebo). Median age was 69 years, 49% were female, 68% were White, and SOC commonly included corticosteroids (61% and 54%) and remdesivir (62% and 60%) in ensitrelvir and placebo groups, respectively. Median DRS-60 category was 6 (IQR: 3-15) in the ensitrelvir and 5.5 (IQR: 3-12) in the placebo group (p=0.19), and the OR was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.62-1.09) for a better DRS-60 category with ensitrelvir. Ensitrelvir participants had lower detectable viral antigen in plasma at Day 5 (13.4% vs 25.1%; p<0.001). There was no difference in secondary clinical outcomes or pre-specified safety outcomes, though the mortality rate was 6.1% vs 4.4% and the frequency of hemorrhagic events was 3.4% vs 0.3% among ensitrelvir and placebo groups, respectively.

Conclusions

Ensitrelvir treatment did not improve clinical recovery in addition to SOC for adults hospitalized for COVID-19. The lower illness severity in the Omicron era compared to earlier periods in the COVID-19 pandemic, and high use of remdesivir and corticosteroids, may have contributed to the lack of clinical benefit.

Source: 

Link: https://academic.oup.com/cid/advance-article-abstract/doi/10.1093/cid/ciag272/8660678?redirectedFrom=fulltext

____

Timing of #Remdesivir Initiation and Clinical #Outcomes in Hospitalized Patients with #COVID19 Who Are at High Risk of Disease Progression in #Japan: A Health Insurance Claims Database Study

 

Abstract

Early initiation of remdesivir (RDV) is recommended to improve COVID-19 outcomes, but real-world studies describing patterns of RDV use and related outcomes among Japanese COVID-19 patients at high-risk of severe outcomes or death are limited. This claims-based cohort study included 60,165 high-risk patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between October 2021 and June 2023 using the DeSC Healthcare claims database. Patients were categorized into early-RDV (within 2 days of hospital admission), late-RDV (between day 3 and day 7), and no-RDV groups based on RDV initiation timing. Descriptive analyses were performed according to RDV groups. Of the study patients, ≥85% were very elderly (≥75 years). Approximately 39% of patients received early RDV, 2% received late RDV, and 59% received no RDV. By day 28, the proportion of alive discharge for early-, late-, and no-RDV groups was 74.9%, 63.1%, and 71.8%, respectively. The mortality for early-, late-, and no-RDV groups was 7.7%, 8.8%, and 8.4%, respectively. Future hypothesis-driven studies with an appropriate adjustment for confounders are needed to formally evaluate the impact of RDV initiation timing on clinical outcomes in this high-risk, predominantly late-elderly population in Japan.

Source: 

Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/18/4/479

____

Uncomplicated #malaria as a #risk factor for #COVID19 duration and severity in western #Kenya and #Burkina Faso (MALCOV): a prospective cohort study

 

Summary

Background

The relationship between malaria and COVID-19 varies across different clinical scenarios; historical malaria exposure might protect against severe COVID-19, whereas co-infection in hospitalised patients with severe disease might increase mortality. Interactions between non-severe malaria and COVID-19 remain poorly understood. We conducted a cohort study among COVID-19 patients of all ages in western Kenya and Burkina Faso to assess the effects of acute, uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria co-infection on COVID-19 outcomes in ambulatory patients.

Methods

Participants with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection (positive rapid antigen test or reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR [RT-qPCR]) were tested for malaria by rapid antigen tests with confirmatory microscopy. Patients with COVID-19 and malaria co-infection received artemether–lumefantrine or pyronaridine–artesunate. COVID-19 symptom course was assessed daily using FLU-PRO Plus (a validated patient-reported outcome instrument) until day 14. Viral load was measured by RT-qPCR on days 0, 3, 7, 14, and 28. The primary endpoint was time to symptom resolution on the FLU-PRO Plus. Analyses were adjusted for country, age, disease severity, and viral load.

Findings

Between Jan 8, 2021 and Jan 24, 2022, we screened 5161 participants and recruited 756 with COVID-19. 742 participants with valid malaria tests were enrolled, of which 151 (20%) had malaria co-infection and the remaining 591 (80%) did not have malaria. Patients with malaria were younger (49 [32%] aged <15 years) than those without malaria (35 [6%]; p<0·0001). Time to symptom resolution was similar between those with malaria (median 9 days [IQR 5–13]) and those without (10 days [IQR 6–13]; adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1·14 [95% CI 0·91–1·42]; p=0·26). Three (2%) patients with malaria and nine (2%) without malaria were hospitalised; two (1%) with malaria and three (1%) without malaria died, four from acute respiratory distress syndrome and one (in the no malaria group) from perforated peptic ulcer complicated by anaemia. Participants with malaria more frequently reported moderate-to-severe symptoms at enrolment (68% vs 60%; p=0·074), but overall symptom duration was similar (adjusted incidence rate ratio 0·95 [95% CI 0·86–1·05]; p=0·31). Previous malaria exposure significantly modified outcomes, with patients with malaria co-infection and previous exposure having faster symptom clearance than those without previous exposure (pinteraction=0·042). SARS-CoV-2 clearance was slower in the malaria group by day 7 (aHR 0·69 [95% CI 0·51–0·94]; p=0·017) but was similar between groups by day 28 (adjusted risk ratio 0·99 [95% CI 0·79–1·24]; p=0·95).

Interpretation

This study shows that acute uncomplicated malaria co-infection does not adversely affect COVID-19 progression when appropriately treated. Moreover, serological evidence confirms that previous lifelong malaria exposure might provide some protection, with exposed individuals having faster symptom resolution.

Funding

Gates Foundation.

Translation

For the French translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

Source: 

Link: https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(25)00541-8/fulltext

____

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17. HIDALGO-PADILLA L, Gogarty E, Sarkodie R, Gaughran F, et al
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    PubMed         Abstract available
    
    

    
    Nature

18. STEINER C
    Almost half of traded wildlife carries disease-causing pathogens.
    Nature. 2026 Apr 9. doi: 10.1038/d41586-026-01121.
    PubMed        

#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (by AMEDEO, April 19 '26)

 

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

1. CHEN M, Chen W, Jiang X, Liang S, et al
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   BMJ

2. DAVIES SR, Davies AL, Higgins JPT, Caldwell DM, et al
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   Epidemiol Infect

7. GONZALES BE, Ochoa TJ, van der Sande MAB
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    PLoS Comput Biol

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21. GANGAT R, Ngah V, Tawonga R, Blanford JI, et al
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22. VAN DUINKERKEN A, van der Velden PG, Duckers MLA, Baliatsas C, et al
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23. KITTUR ME, Jones BDM, Imran S, Wang W, et al
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24. CASJENS S, Hovanec J, Glaser N, Massag J, et al
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25. JIANG KP, Bennett S, Yager P
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26. ABBAS U, Laghari RN, Ahmed I, Musawwir UA, et al
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27. OZATO N, Hori S, Miyai N, Takase H, et al
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28. DIAS GF, Fan C, Han M, Wang X, et al
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29. MOHTASHAM F, Hashemi Nazari SS, Pourhoseingholi MA, Kavousi K, et al
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    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

31. GOLDMAN N, Pebley AR
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32. HUOT M, Wang D, Shakhnovich E, Monasson R, et al
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33. FARIAS A, Bridgeman VL, Rodrigues FS, Puttur F, et al
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    Vaccine

34. HSIEH SM, Choi MJ, Chen YC, Cheng SY, et al
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35. ANYALECHI EG, Marquez PL, Rubin MN, Johannsen SP, et al
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    Virology

36. SWIERKOT J, Tyczynska KM, Siemaszko J, Madej M, et al
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37. CHEN G, Liang D, Liu M, Lv Z, et al
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38. LIU R, Patterson L, Yeasmin M, Kim KH, et al
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39. WANG Z, Wongnak R, Oba M, Mizutani T, et al
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40. RICHARDSON SAS, Boodhoo N, Bhat S, Wells J, et al
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