ETIDIOH - NEW

  Abstract Background Most studies of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) epidemiology have been among inpatients . This study examined the epidemiology of HMPV compared with other common viruses among outpatients seeking care for an acute respiratory illness (ARI) during 5 influenza seasons (2016–2017 to 2019–2020, before the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and in 2021–2022, during the pandemic). Methods Outpatients ≥6 months old seeking care for ARI and presenting with cough of ≤7 days’ duration provided nasal and pharyngeal swab samples , demographic data, and access to electronic medical record data. Samples were tested with reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays for HMPV , influenza, parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1–4, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Student′s t and χ2 tests were used to compare HMPV cases with other ARIs. Results After exclusion of 68 coinfections , 7143 patients remained; 2017 had in...

  Abstract The global spread of viruses highlights the need for timely and effective genomic surveillance to detect new variants and inform rapid public health responses . However, high costs and uneven sequencing capacity hinder equitable global implementation. Surveillance focused on international travelers at major travel hubs has been proposed as a way to complement robust local surveillance, but its potential benefits have not been fully quantified . Here, we develop and calibrate a multiple-strain metapopulation model of global SARS-CoV-2 transmission using extensive epidemiological, phylogenetic, and high-resolution air travel data . Retrospective analyses of the Omicron BA.1/BA.2 emergence and forward simulations for hypothetical novel variants show that targeted enhancement of traveler surveillance at key hubs can shorten variant detection delays, with reduced total surveillance efforts. Practical “non-disruptive” strategies, such as prioritizing a small number of highly c...

  Antiviral Res ZHANG J, Deng S, Zhang M, Wu X, et al Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus infection activates SREBP2 and induces RORgamma expression to enhance cholesterol biosynthesis and virus replication. Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar 6:106391. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106391. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis KHADER K, Haroldsen C, Stevens V, Visnovsky L, et al Estimating changes in facility MRSA infection rates due to changes in MRSA precaution policy. Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Mar 13:ciag176. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Int J Infect Dis LUGTU EJ, Iv DYP, Cabunoc MH, Bautista JL, et al Prevalence of Post-COVID Symptoms Across Variants of Concern and Follow-up Periods: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Mar 10:108522. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108522. PubMed           Abstract available TANG X, Memedi M,...

  Ann Intern Med LALANI HS, DiResta R, Baron RJ, Scales D, et al Addressing Viral Medical Rumors and False or Misleading Information. Ann Intern Med. 2023 Jul 18. doi: 10.7326/M23-1218. PubMed           Abstract available Antimicrob Agents Chemother ZHENG X, You X, Liu Y, Wu B, et al Spatiotemporal dynamics and multiple driving factors of antimicrobial resistance in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2023): a provincial panel data analysis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2026 Feb 9:e0160025. doi: 10.1128/aac.01600. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res ZHANG T, Wang ZL, Li XY, Luo RH, et al Onvansertib and vilazodone inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication via suppression of METTL3 RNA-m(6)A enzymatic activity. Antiviral Res. 2026 Feb 19:106376. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106376. PubMed           Abstract available YURGELONIS I, Rai DK, Li Z, Washington ...

  Ann Intern Med LIM SY, Lee J, Chang E, Kwon JS, et al Neither Metformin nor Ursodeoxycholic Acid Effectively Treats Postacute Sequelae of COVID-19 : A Randomized Clinical Trial. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Mar 3. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-04883. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res ZUO X, Xiao X, Dong X, Wang J, et al Direct-acting antivirals and beyond: emerging approaches to targeting viral RNA and ribonucleoprotein complexes. Antiviral Res. 2026;249:106383. PubMed           Abstract available RUDRAMURTHY GR, Gudla CS, Harisha R, Selvam V, et al FNDR-11124, a broad-spectrum small molecule inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase, restricts replication of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar 2:106382. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106382. PubMed           Abstract available Clin Infect Dis RIERA MT, Prato R, Perez-Rubio A, Ec...

  Ann Intern Med SACKS HS In older adults, high- vs. standard-dose influenza vaccine reduced hospitalization for influenza or pneumonia in those with CKD. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Mar 3. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-26-00324. PubMed           Abstract available ANAND R, Glatt AE In healthy adults, a modified RNA vs. inactivated influenza vaccine reduced laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness at >/=14 d. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Mar 3. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05681. PubMed           Abstract available Antiviral Res RUDRAMURTHY GR, Gudla CS, Harisha R, Selvam V, et al FNDR-11124, a broad-spectrum small molecule inhibitor of viral RNA polymerase, restricts replication of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. Antiviral Res. 2026 Mar 2:106382. doi: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2026.106382. PubMed           Abstract available Arch Virol DUTTA M, Sarmah N, Siddique AI, Borah...

  Abstract Wastewater monitoring enables non-invasive, population-scale tracking of community infections independent of healthcare-seeking behavior and clinical diagnosis. Metagenomic sequencing extends this capability by enabling broad, pathogen-agnostic detection, genomic characterization , and identification of novel or unexpected threats . Here, we present data from CASPER (the Coalition for Agnostic Sequencing of Pathogens from Environmental Reservoirs), a U.S.-based wastewater metagenomic sequencing network designed for deep, untargeted pathogen monitoring at national scale. This release includes 1,206 samples collected between December 2023 and December 2025 from 27 sites across nine states , covering 13 million people . Deep sequencing (~1 billion read pairs per sample) generated 1.2 trillion read pairs ( 347 terabases ), enabling detection of even rare taxa , with CASPER representing 66% of all untargeted wastewater sequencing data currently available on the NCBI Sequence ...

  {Excerpt} (...) COVID-19 current vaccine safety status and insights   -- Since 2021, GACVS has regularly reviewed the safety of COVID-19 vaccines , including through global pharmacovigilance data and dedicated reviews of myocarditis, pregnancy outcomes and other adverse events of special interest (AESI).  -- The most recent updates reaffirmed that the benefits of vaccination outweigh the risks across all groups and advised continued monitoring for younger males and follow-up of persons who have reported vaccine-associated myocarditis .  -- Many individuals have received three or more doses of COVID-19 vaccine.  -- Some adverse events – such as myocarditis – seem to occur mainly after the second dose of mRNA COVID- 19 vaccines.  -- However, the outcomes were less severe in persons who developed myocarditis after vaccination compared to those unvaccinated and following infections, including SARS- CoV-2.  -- Also, children under six months of age seem t...

  Am J Respir Crit Care Med MENDEZ R, Gonzalez-Jimenez P, Latorre A, Piqueras M, et al The Long-term Pneumonia Mortality Index. An International Multicenter Derivation and Validation Study for Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026 Feb 21:aamag060. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available GAERTNER VD, Ramin-Wright L, Waldmann AD, Belting C, et al The first breaths after birth-early lung function in healthy term infants. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2026 Jan 30:aamag008. doi: 10.1093. PubMed           Abstract available Ann Intern Med QASEEM A, Obley AJ, Harrod CS, Wilt TJ, et al COVID-19 Vaccines for 2025-2026 in Adults Who Are Not Pregnant or Immunocompromised: Rapid Practice Points From the American College of Physicians. Ann Intern Med. 2026 Feb 24. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05026. PubMed           Abstract available Ann...

  Arch Virol KOBAYASHI D, Hiono T, Adachi R, Igarashi M, et al Length and density of alpha2-3 sialyllactose-containing chains on glycopolymers determine receptor binding of avian influenza viruses. Arch Virol. 2026;171:100. PubMed          PARK SH, Lee SH, Seo YR, Kim DJ, et al Evolution and spread of H8Nx avian influenza viruses from wild birds in East Asia, 2019-2024. Arch Virol. 2026;171:95. PubMed           Abstract available NAVEED A The bovine mammary gland as a crucible for zoonotic influenza virus emergence: Receptor-mediated adaptation of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b. Arch Virol. 2026;171:89. PubMed          Biochem Biophys Res Commun SINGH VA, Nehul S, Saha A, Singh V, et al Bioengineered chimeric VLPs targeting chikungunya virus and SARS-CoV-2 show high immunogenicity in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026;805:153346. PubMed        ...