ETIDIOH - NEW

{Excerpt} This Week : [Date of report - Country - Province / Region District / City - Sex - Age - Condition at time of reporting  - Subtype of virus] 1) .../10/2025 - Cambodia - Takeo Province - F - 14 - Hospitalised - H5N1  2) 16/10/2025 - Cambodia - Kampong Speu Province - F - 3 - Under intensive care - H5N1 (...) [Place of occurrence - No. of cases  (No. of deaths) - Details] -- Bangladesh - 1(0)  - Avian influenza A(H5) :  1) Sylhet Division : A boy with onset on July 27, 2025.  -- Chinese Mainland - 4(0)  - Avian influenza A( H9N2 ):  - Guangdong Province :  1) An individual with onset in February 2025. The case was retrospectively reported.  - Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region :  2, 3) Two individuals with onset in February 2025. Both cases were retrospectively reported.   - Tianjin Municipality :  4) An individual with onset in February 2025. The case was retrospectively reported.  -- Mexico - 1(0)  - ...

  {[ Common Raven ] By Accipiter (R. Altenkamp, Berlin) - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6806927 } ___ Note 16/10/2025 : The case reported in this event was confirmed to be H5 but was negative for N1 and N5. Therefore, it is assumed that a new serotype has been detected in the country. The raven was found sick with a broken wing, emaciated and with diarrhea. It was euthanized. Source: WOAH,  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/6868 ____

  Abstract Influenza continues to cause significant mortality globally and possesses substantial pandemic potential . Assessing pandemic risk requires a clear understanding of existing population immunity . Leveraging a unique large-scale cohort of human sera , we evaluated total and neutralising antibody -mediated immunity to multiple haemagglutinin (HA) proteins, including those from subtypes with high pandemic potential. Our analysis reveals that population immunity is heterogeneous , with distinct age-dependent differences in responses to H5, H7, and H9 avian influenza subtypes. These shifts align with historical circulation patterns of seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 human viruses. Notably, H7 viruses are primarily neutralised through head domain epitopes , while H5 viruses are targeted mainly via stem epitopes , although in both instances some neutralisation occurred via receptor binding site-adjacent epitopes . Furthermore, H7 responses were dominated by non-glycan-targeted IgG2 anti...