ETIDIOH - NEW

  Situation at a glance Between 20 September and 30 October 2025, a total of 404 confirmed human cases of Rift Valley fever (RVF), including 42 deaths , were reported by national health authorities in two West African countries : Mauritania and Senegal .  RVF is a zoonotic disease , which mainly affects animals, but can also infect humans.  The majority of human infections result from contact with the blood or organs of infected animals, but human infections have also resulted from the bites of infected mosquitoes .  To date, no human-to-human transmission of RVF has been documented.  While RVF often leads to severe illness in animals, its impact in humans varies, ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe hemorrhagic fever that can be fatal .  RVF is endemic in both countries, where recurrent outbreaks have been previously reported in both livestock and humans.  The risk of further spread remains high , especially with environmental conditions favo...

  {Excerpt} Risk statement This risk assessment is based on the current epidemiological and epizootic situation of Rift Valley fever (RVF) in Senegal and Mauritania , from 20 September through 8 October 2025. The risk assessment was conducted separately for each country . However, the findings indicate that the level of risk is the same for both countries across all levels, for both human and animal health .   During this period , Senegal reported 119 confirmed human RVF cases , including 16 deaths , resulting in a case fatality rate (CFR) of 13.4% . Cases were recorded across eight health districts in three regions of Senegal, with the majority in Saint-Louis Region with 110 cases (92%) followed by Louga (four cases) and Matam (one case).  The affected districts in Saint-Louis Region : Podor, Richard-Toll, Dagana, and Saint-Louis are located along the northern border with Mauritania along the Senegal River.   The most affected age groups were 15- 35 years ...

  ABSTRACT Oropouche virus (OROV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and Dabie bandavirus (DBV) are significant re-emerging and emerging human pathogens with major public health implications. Notably, the ongoing OROV disease epidemic spanning South America, Central America, and the Caribbean now exceeds 11,000 cases, including several fatalities and reports of neurological disease and congenital abnormalities associated with infection. Rift Valley fever outbreaks continue to plague sub-Saharan Africa , and DBV, the etiologic agent of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS), is expanding its reach throughout several Asian countries . No vaccines or approved therapies are available to prevent or treat these viral infections. Here, we report on the antiviral activity and protective efficacy of the ribonucleoside analog , 4′-fluorouridine (4′-FlU), against OROV, RVFV, and DBV in cell culture and murine models of infection and disease. In cell culture, the potency of 4′-FlU wa...