Intensive #reassortment and frequent #intercontinental #transmission revealed by long-term genetic analysis of #H10 avian #influenza viruses in #Taiwan
ABSTRACT H10 subtype avian influenza viruses primarily circulate among wild waterfowl but can occasionally infect mammals , including humans , and recent sporadic human cases have raised significant public health concerns . In this study, we sequenced and analysed 59 H10 subtype viruses isolated from wild birds in Taiwan . Results showed that all isolates were genetically distinct from human and other mammalian H10 subtype isolates. Taiwanese isolates exhibited high genetic diversity and could be categorized into 34 distinct genotypes , with each genotype circulating only in a single migratory season and not recurring during subsequent seasons. Additional analyses revealed that certain gene pools frequently circulate in the Pacific Rim , with evidence of North American lineage genes establishing long-term populations in Eurasia and vice versa. Although no characteristics indicative of mammalian adaptation was found in the Taiwanese isolates, temporal changes in the haemagglutinin...