Research Note: Molecular Characteristics and #Genetic #Evolution of #H1N1 Avian #Influenza Virus from Wild #birds in #Shanghai, #China
ABSTRACT The H1N1 influenza virus is a major pandemic and seasonal pathogen with a broad host range , posing a substantial threat to human health and underscoring the need for continuous surveillance . Wild birds , as natural reservoirs of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), carry H1N1 strains capable of reassorting with other influenza viruses, which can drive pandemic emergence. The global migration of wild birds facilitates the spread of these viruses, and their interactions with poultry increase the risk of cross-species transmission , further amplifying the public health threat. However, knowledge of H1N1 genetic diversity in wild birds remains limited. Database analysis shows 80% of avian-origin H1N1 isolates come from wild birds across over 40 countries , mainly in North America, Europe and Asia . This study characterized the molecular traits and genetic evolution of four H1N1 AIVs isolated from common teal and spot-billed ducks during 2019–2021 . Phylogenetic and sequence ana...