Abstract
In 2026, a hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) outbreak caused by Andes virus (ANDV) occurred on a cruise ship. Analyses revealed an unexpected relationship to an outbreak in Argentina in 2018. Retrospective investigation clarified the 2018 outbreak could involve person-to-person transmission and a common ANDV lineage spanned HPS cases from 2018 to 2025 in a geographically defined area in northern Patagonia, without widespread community transmission of ANDV. Route reconstruction for the index cases in the cruise ship outbreak identified geographically plausible exposures to viruses of this lineage in Argentina, but their timing was inconsistent with the expected ANDV incubation period. The infection source for the cruise ship outbreak cannot be resolved with current information, highlighting the need to expand viral surveillance in the ANDV endemic region.
Source: Science Journal, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aej1679
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