{Click on Image to Enlarge}
By PetrS. - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=19896613
Source:
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Czech_locomotive_classes
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Sunday, May 3, 2026
History of Mass Transportation: The Diesel Multiple Unit 844.001 ČD in Cerhenice
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Cardsharps (I Bari), Caravaggio (c.1594)
{Click on Image to Enlarge}
Public Domain.
Source:
Link: https://www.wikiart.org/en/caravaggio/cardsharps-1594-1
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Saturday, May 2, 2026
History of Mass Transportation: The Romanian CFR 77-0913-2 Autorail at Pitești Station
{Click on Image to Enlarge}
By Ștefan Pușcașu - http://cfr.stfp.net/?op=C&class=77, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25390809
Source:
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_stock_of_the_Romanian_Railways
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Coronavirus Disease Research #References (AMEDEO, May 2 '26)
- COTTON D
"Never More Than 15 Feet From the Respirator": Housestaff Research During the 1955 Boston Polio Epidemic.
Ann Intern Med. 2026 Apr 28. doi: 10.7326/ANNALS-25-05440.
PubMed Abstract available - WALLS G, McGrath L, Herdman MT, Campbell AJ, et al
Patient-reported perceptions, experiences and preferences around intravenous and oral antibiotics for the treatment of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia: a descriptive qualitative study.
Clin Infect Dis. 2025 Sep 24:ciaf522. doi: 10.1093.
PubMed Abstract available - SHAH AB, Lindsey KN, Zambrano LD, Free RJ, et al
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), United States, 2023-2024.
Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag259. doi: 10.1093.
PubMed Abstract available - RAMACHANDRAN V, Onukwube Okaro J, Prasad N, Park S, et al
Epidemiology of Pediatric Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections in 10 U.S. States, 2004-2023.
Clin Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:ciag284. doi: 10.1093.
PubMed Abstract available - SHAH P, Pischel L, Sack B, Km AB, et al
Air Conditioning, Ventilation, and Respiratory Virus Transmission Potential in South India.
Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 22:108724. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108724.
PubMed Abstract available - REICH S
Re: Petersen E, Hviid AP. Inosine pranobex as a treatment of SARS-CoV-2? Int J Infect Dis. 2026.
Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 24:108736. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108736.
PubMed - TERLIESNER N, Lesniowski D, Unterwalder N, von Bernuth H, et al
RSV as an independent driver of a subsequent influenza epidemic in Berlin before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108741. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108741.
PubMed Abstract available - YAO C, Dong Y, Zou X, Alhaskawi A, et al
Severe acute limb ischemia in patients with COVID-19: a single-center case series.
Int J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 28:108740. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2026.108740.
PubMed Abstract available - VENKATESAN N, Shah FA, Bain W, Yang Z, et al
Risk heterogeneity within hypoinflammatory acute respiratory failure: continuous probabilities identify high-risk patients masked by binary classification.
Intensive Care Med. 2026 Apr 27. doi: 10.1007/s00134-026-08406.
PubMed Abstract available - KIM HK, Jo S, Min KD, Cho SI, et al
Effectiveness of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in Patients With Cancer: Evidence From a Nationwide Target Trial Emulation.
J Infect. 2026 Apr 28:106753. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2026.106753.
PubMed Abstract available - LARSEN L, Bistrup C, Sorensen SS, Jorgensen CS, et al
Torque Teno Virus Viral Load as a Predictive Marker of Serotype-Specific Antibody Response Following the 13-Valent Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine in Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Cohort Study.
J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70949.
PubMed Abstract available - WEISS JJ, Messina J, Saullo J, Li Y, et al
Respiratory Viral Infections Following CD19 CAR T-Cell Therapy.
J Med Virol. 2026;98:e70941.
PubMed Abstract available - GUO D, Yu S, Ma K, Tao H, et al
Concanavalin A targets phylogenetically conserved N-linked glycans on coronavirus spike proteins for broad-spectrum antiviral activity.
J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0167925. doi: 10.1128/jvi.01679.
PubMed Abstract available - NASIR A, Lee D, Avena LE, Berrueta DM, et al
Predictive modeling of immune escape and antigenic grouping of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0022526. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00225.
PubMed Abstract available - CHEN L, Su H, Shang W, Nie T, et al
SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro mutations T21I and E166A confer differential resistance to simnotrelvir, bofutrelvir, and ensitrelvir.
J Virol. 2026 Apr 27:e0222325. doi: 10.1128/jvi.02223.
PubMed Abstract available - KOTANI N, Iwasa K, Amimoto T, Yamashita C, et al
Pseudovirus-mediated proximity labeling identifies candidate host cell membrane proteins involved in viral attachment.
J Virol. 2026 Apr 29:e0050726. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00507.
PubMed Abstract available - ANDERER S
Most US Health Care Workers Vaccinated for Flu, Less Than Half for COVID-19.
JAMA. 2026 May 1. doi: 10.1001/jama.2026.2126.
PubMed - SHANKAR-HARI M, Ming D, Mendelson M, Rupali P, et al
The Lancet Commission on Sepsis: transforming sepsis care and outcomes.
Lancet. 2026 Apr 22:S0140-6736(26)00648-3. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00648.
PubMed - BOHM R, Schneider A, Betsch C, Lilleholt L, et al
CDC communication undermines trust in vaccines.
Science. 2026;392:475-477.
PubMed Abstract available
Ann Intern Med
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses Research #References (AMEDEO, May 2 '26)
- SAKTHI P, Arun K, Priya D
Integrative network pharmacology and molecular simulation analysis reveals the therapeutic potential of Coscinium fenestratum alkaloids against SARS-CoV-2.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2026;817:153681.
PubMed Abstract available - TOZDUMAN B, Gulle BT
Influenza Vaccination Coverage and Determinants of Vaccination Among Older Adults in Turkey.
Epidemiol Infect. 2026 Apr 30:1-17. doi: 10.1017/S0950268826101563.
PubMed - CHIANG HL, Lin HT, Chen WY, Liang KH, et al
Broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies derived from mRNA LNP immunization exhibit potent neutralizing ability against JN.1, KP.3.1.1 and XEC new Omicron variants.
J Gen Virol. 2026;107:002251.
PubMed Abstract available - BENEZECH S, Picq L, Villard M, Rousseaux N, et al
Single-cell analysis identifies CPT1a-associated metabolic remodeling in human NK cells during COVID-19.
J Immunol. 2026;215:vkag036.
PubMed Abstract available - O'HALLORAN A, Hood N, Ujamaa D, Merced-Morales A, et al
Effects of age and birth cohort on influenza A virus subtype-specific hospitalization rates, United States 2010-2025.
J Infect Dis. 2026 Apr 27:jiag232. doi: 10.1093.
PubMed Abstract available - ISHIKAWA S, Okada N, Fukui Y, Ueha R, et al
Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Mediated Gas6/Axl Axis Induces Hyporesponsive Macrophages to Promote Pneumococcal Proliferation in the Nasopharynx.
J Infect Dis. 2026;233:674-684.
PubMed Abstract available - ESNEAU C, Boettiger D, Leask S, Bryant NE, et al
The Pandemic Respiratory Virus Epidemiological Surveillance Trial - A Self-swab Surveillance System for Respiratory Viruses Nested Within FluTracking.
J Infect Dis. 2026;233:e1031-e1039.
PubMed Abstract available - KLAASSEN F, Swartwood NA, Chitwood MH, Lopes R, et al
National- and State-level SARS-CoV-2 Immunity Trends From January 2020 to December 2023: a Mathematical Modeling Analysis.
J Infect Dis. 2026;233:714-724.
PubMed Abstract available - DAINES R, Sadeyen J-R, Chang P, Iqbal M, et al
Mapping hemagglutinin residues driving antigenic diversity in H5Nx avian influenza viruses.
J Virol. 2026 Apr 30:e0009526. doi: 10.1128/jvi.00095.
PubMed Abstract available - DU X, Anderson CS
Off-target benefits of influenza vaccination in cardiovascular disease - Authors' reply.
Lancet. 2026;407:1600.
PubMed - FROBERT O, Pedersen IB, Hjelholt AJ, Erikstrup C, et al
Off-target benefits of influenza vaccination in cardiovascular disease.
Lancet. 2026;407:1599-1600.
PubMed - ENGSTROM EE, Kaplan SL, Barson WJ, Lin PL, et al
Pneumococcal Pneumonia in Hospitalized Children: 2017-2023.
Pediatrics. 2026;157:e2025073196.
PubMed Abstract available - KUTZ C, Alarcon-Andrade G, Aguilera E, Garfias C, et al
Incidence and Severity of Type 1 Diabetes in Children Through the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile.
Pediatrics. 2026 Apr 23:e2025072191. doi: 10.1542/peds.2025-072191.
PubMed Abstract available - JACOBSON KB, Merchant M, Fireman B, Klein NP, et al
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Before and During Pregnancy and Prevention of Infant COVID-19 Infection.
Pediatrics. 2026 Apr 22:e2025073000. doi: 10.1542/peds.2025-073000.
PubMed Abstract available - LOWENSTEIN C, Kamdar N, Rehkopf DH
Trends in Youth Mental Health Among Patients in Family Medicine Practices: 2017-2023.
Pediatrics. 2026;157:e2025072305.
PubMed Abstract available - MOSS R, Tobin RJ, O'Hara-Wild M, Adekunle AI, et al
Ensemble forecasts of COVID-19 activity to support Australia's pandemic response: 2020-22.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014199.
PubMed Abstract available - PAMORNCHAINAVAKUL N, Schroeder DC, VanderWaal K
QoALa: A comprehensive workflow for viral quasispecies diversity comparison using long-read sequencing data.
PLoS Comput Biol. 2026;22:e1014208.
PubMed Abstract available - THIPAYAMASKOMON C, Grimaud O, Tattevin P, Lamhaut L, et al
High-speed trains versus air transport vectors for mass transfers of critically ill patients: The TRANSCOV cohort study.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0348090.
PubMed Abstract available - HU R, Valdivia A, White T, Ju W, et al
Poldip2 deficiency attenuates lung disease severity in a mouse model of COVID-19.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0348065.
PubMed Abstract available - OKADA Y, Nishiura H
Changes in life expectancy and life span equality during the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020-22 in Japan.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0345579.
PubMed Abstract available - RODRIGUEZ-CRESPO JJ, Gutierrez-Leon E, Dammann-Beltran P, Seaman-Gomez JA, et al
Outcomes in acute pulmonary embolism and their association with adherence to international recommendations around COVID-19 pandemic-induced hospital-strain: The experience in a Mexican tertiary care center.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347761.
PubMed Abstract available - HASHEMPOUR Y, Zazouli MA, Jaafarzadeh N, Valadan R, et al
Integrated monitoring of enveloped viruses in hospital environments: Detection, persistence, and implications for infection control.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0345644.
PubMed Abstract available - SU B, Sun Z, Chen R, Liu H, et al
Association between psychological distress, lifestyle and career planning on health-related quality of life among the university students during school closure of COVID-19 pandemic in China.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347032.
PubMed Abstract available - WANG M, Laison EKE, Philippsen T, Ghaemi S, et al
Mechanistic modelling of highly pathogenic avian influenza: A scoping review revealing critical gaps in cross-species transmission models.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347929.
PubMed Abstract available - FATHELRAHMAN E, Mohamed Ali M, Challa TG, Osman R, et al
Modeling and assessing Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) spread, epidemiological control measures, and cost.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0340004.
PubMed Abstract available - BASHIR K, Ouedraogo MO, Dharma C, Sobers M, et al
Strengthening access to and confidence in COVID-19 vaccines among equity-deserving populations across Canada: An exploratory qualitative study.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0301953.
PubMed Abstract available - KO CC, Wu JY, Hung KC, Liao SW, et al
The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on long-term risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation/flutter after COVID-19 infection: A retrospective cohort study.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0348133.
PubMed Abstract available - LIU C, Yang L, Lei J
CMAP-Fusion: A cross-modal feature selection and model pruning framework for laboratory and imaging data.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0346875.
PubMed Abstract available - DAS N, Konduru L, Dahia SS, Sagnika S, et al
The stress reduction potential of Bhagavad Gita and Yoga for healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A randomized controlled trial.
PLoS One. 2026;21:e0347320.
PubMed Abstract available - RODRIGUEZ HERNANDEZ CJ, Cruz-Cruz A, Shrestha CL, Terekhova M, et al
Gingipain proteases from the bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis confer protection against airway viral infection.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2503100123.
PubMed Abstract available - HUANG KA, Nguyen HTV, Chen YY, Wu KJ, et al
Broad neutralization of influenza B hemagglutinin antibodies via receptor mimicry and glycan engagement.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2532989123.
PubMed Abstract available - ZHANG Y, Wang C, Zheng Y, Chen F, et al
An Ad5-vectored platform generating self-assembling VLPs elicits potent mucosal immunity against influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2519857123.
PubMed Abstract available - DE LACY N, Lam WY, Collins T, Danks D, et al
A century of suicide: Insights from long-term data in the United States.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2026;123:e2519951123.
PubMed Abstract available - LIU Y, Jia M, Mu X, Jiang B, et al
Designing equitable influenza vaccination services for older adults in rural China: A discrete choice experiment.
Vaccine. 2026;82:128590.
PubMed Abstract available - SILVA LL, Lopes VDS, da Silva DCB, Nemer CRB, et al
Global overview of vaccine trust: Evidence from a scoping review.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128482.
PubMed Abstract available - JAMES E, Christie S, Boye B, Githieya D, et al
How to leverage social media to build confidence in COVID-19 vaccines: findings and lessons learned from nationwide campaigns in four countries.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128475.
PubMed Abstract available - MALDEN DE, Ackerson BK, Gee J, Peryer MA, et al
Self-reported reactogenicity of RSV vaccines among older adults: a post-licensure study within a large integrated healthcare system in Southern California.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128493.
PubMed Abstract available - FANTIN R, Das S, Loria V, Calderon A, et al
Hybrid immunity provides stronger protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection than vaccination alone: Evidence from a population-based active monitoring study.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128506.
PubMed Abstract available - DENG L, Barton B, Choi P, Clarke L, et al
Clinical, psychological and quality of life outcomes up to 12-months following thrombosis with thrombocytopenia syndrome after ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccination in Australia.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128501.
PubMed Abstract available - BRIGGS K, Gingerich MC, Gingerich A, Johnson SK, et al
Intranasal PIV5-vectored SARS-COV-2 KP.2 vaccine protects against homologous and heterologous challenge in mice and hamsters.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128490.
PubMed Abstract available - AZEEZ R, Ames SR, Lotoski LC, Winsor GL, et al
Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 anti-Spike IgG antibody levels following two COVID-19 vaccine doses among children and adults in the Canadian CHILD Cohort.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128342.
PubMed Abstract available - ROOYAKKERS A, Ye L, Cahn PE, Ruiz-Palacios GM, et al
Relative efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity analysis of two doses versus one dose of recombinant coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector) in adults 18 years and older: an international, multicentre, randomized, double blinded phase 3 trial.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128424.
PubMed Abstract available - STRAUTINS K, Foong R, Carcione D, Spencer P, et al
Post-licensure safety monitoring of nirsevimab in Western Australia 2024.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128468.
PubMed Abstract available - AIZAWA Y, Shobugawa Y, Tachikawa J, Ikuse T, et al
Effectiveness of the COVID-19 messenger RNA vaccine against symptomatic omicron infection in children aged 6 months to 11 years in Japan.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128474.
PubMed Abstract available - LLOYD PC, Shah PB, Zhang HT, Shah N, et al
Safety monitoring of health outcomes following RSVPreF3 + AS01 and RSVPreF vaccination among Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older in the United States, 2023-2024.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128459.
PubMed Abstract available - MADNI SA, Olson CK, Zauche LH, Machefsky A, et al
Risk of perinatal death and preterm birth among an observational cohort of women vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy: CDC COVID-19 vaccine pregnancy registry.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128461.
PubMed Abstract available - GIOVANATTI A, Shapiro AE
Anticipating tuberculosis vaccine acceptability in Kenya and South Africa: a narrative review of behavioral and social drivers and strategies to optimize acceptability.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128457.
PubMed Abstract available - GUARDALINI LGO, Martins IM, Bernardino TC, Quintilio W, et al
Non-clinical analysis of virus-like particles (VLP) containing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine antigens.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128406.
PubMed Abstract available - DURIER C, Benhamouda N, Besbes A, Lefebvre M, et al
Ancestral Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike CD4(+) T cells predict protection from symptomatic omicron breakthrough infection.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128425.
PubMed Abstract available - VISKUPIC F, Wiltse DL, Liebl Z, Kinslow T, et al
The prevalence and nature of anti-vaccination legislation in ten midwestern states: Implications for public health and policy.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128452.
PubMed Abstract available - DRISLANE S, Lake J, Attwell K
Learning from government communication strategies to promote infant RSV immunisation: A cross-national study of France, Luxembourg, Spain, and Australia.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128432.
PubMed Abstract available - CABIESES B, Obach A, Madrid P, Blukacz A, et al
Mapping the continuum of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in Chile: Insights from qualitative research among nationals and migrants.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128433.
PubMed Abstract available - LU PJ, Hung MC, Srivastav A, Kriss JL, et al
RSV vaccination uptake by the end of the 2024-25 respiratory virus season among adults aged 60-74 years at increased risk of severe RSV and adults aged >/=75 years.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128427.
PubMed Abstract available - JANSSEN RS, Coffman RL
A narrative review of immune-mediated adverse events in clinical trials of CpG oligonucleotide toll-like receptor 9 agonists.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128437.
PubMed Abstract available - IRVING SA, Crane B, Daley MF, Dixon BE, et al
2023-2024 COVID-19 vaccination coverage in pregnancy in ten healthcare delivery organizations in the United States.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128441.
PubMed Abstract available - COSTANTINO V, Notaras A, MacIntyre CR
Long COVID in children in Australia and the potential impact of vaccination.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128442.
PubMed Abstract available - LLANES-KIDDER C, Gaythorpe K, Rawson T
Sociodemographic factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine uptake and dropout rates in England.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128477.
PubMed Abstract available - MCEVOY R, Hervol JR, Zhang Y, Wagner EM, et al
A modified self-controlled case series on mortality risk following primary series doses of COVID-19 vaccines in U.S. Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older.
Vaccine. 2026;79:128460.
PubMed Abstract available
Biochem Biophys Res Commun
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Friday, May 1, 2026
Rapid #risk #assessment: #Chikungunya virus disease, #Global (WHO, 24 April 2026, v2, summary)
{Summary)
Overall Risk statement
-- This rapid risk assessment aims to assess the overall public health risk posed by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) transmission in 2026 at the global level.
-- It considers the potential risk to human health, the likelihood of geographical spread, limitations in prevention and control capacities, and the influence of regional seasonal patterns that favour Aedes mosquito activity, which could drive outbreaks during the 2026 transmission season.
-- Chikungunya virus poses a significant and growing global health risk due to large and widespread regional outbreaks in recent years, lack of specific treatment, limited use of vaccine, and climate- and conveyance-driven mosquito range expansion, with increasing international travel.
-- While mortality remains relatively low, the CHIKV infection can cause prolonged arthritis with disability as well as severe illness in some patients.
-- In 2025, an overall of 502 264 CHIKV disease cases including 208 335 confirmed cases, and 186 deaths were reported globally from 41 countries and territories, including autochthonous and imported cases in travellers.
-- From 1 January to 31 March 2026, Chikungunya transmission was reported by 18 countries, with the vast majority of cases occurring in the Region of the Americas.
-- Brazil and Bolivia account for 87% of cases in the Region; together with Argentina, Suriname, and Cuba, these five countries represent approximately 99% of reported cases.
-- The European Region reported the second-highest number of cases, predominantly reported from French overseas departments, particularly Mayotte and La Réunion.
-- Global aggregation is limited due to incomplete reporting.
-- With the rainy season about to begin in many regions in the coming months, cases of CHIKV are expected to rise, as rainfall events create favourable conditions for Aedes mosquito breeding and increase the risk of CHIKV transmission, including in previously unaffected areas.
-- Transmission dynamics will also be impacted by the population immunity acquired from outbreaks in recent years.
-- Peak CHIKV transmission months in the respective WHO regions include:
• Southeast Asia & Western Pacific: May–October
• Americas: May–November (Northern hemisphere)/November–March (Southern hemisphere)
• Continental Europe: June–September (main season) (transmission in overseas departments aligns with climatic conditions within their geographic location/proximity)
• Africa & Eastern Mediterranean: During/after local rainy seasons (varies by country)
-- The global public health risk posed by CHIKV transmission is assessed as moderate.
-- This takes into account the widespread transmission and outbreaks across multiple WHO regions in 2025, which continued into early 2026, including in areas with previously low or no transmission.
-- Ongoing transmission in parts of the Indian Ocean region, such as Seychelles, Mauritius and Mayotte demonstrates continued regional activity.
-- The resurgence and emergence of cases in new geographic areas are facilitated by the presence of competent Aedes mosquito vectors, limited population immunity, favorable environmental conditions, and increased human mobility coupled with under-performing/disrupted health systems, particularly in fragile, conflict-affected and vulnerable countries- leading to poor control measures.
-- The uneven distribution of cases across regions complicates the interpretation of a global trend but highlights significant localized transmission.
-- Prevention and control capacities remain challenged by gaps in surveillance, equitable access to quality-assured diagnostics and laboratory confirmation, healthcare infrastructure, and sustained vector surveillance and control management.
(...)
Source:
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Replication Efficiency of Contemporary Highly Pathogenic Avian #Influenza #H5N1 Virus Isolates in #Human #Nasal Epithelium Model
Abstract
Replication of influenza A virus in human nasal epithelium affects transmissibility and disease. We compared virus replication and immune responses in human nasal epithelium infected with seasonal and highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses. Contemporary H5N1 viruses replicated better than the historical isolate; however, interferon response to B3.13 genotype viruses was dampened.
Source:
Link: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/32/5/26-0053_article
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Severe Respiratory Illness and Death Associated with #Outbreak of #Human #Rhinovirus B14 among Older Adults, #France, 2024
Abstract
We investigated an outbreak of unknown respiratory disease and 8 deaths among older adults in a long-term care facility in France. We identified human rhinovirus (HRV) by quantitative PCR and HRV-B14 by metagenomics. We obtained 5 HRV-B14 genomes that diverged from 5 publicly available genomes. Real-time metagenomics could enable rapid clinical diagnoses.
Source:
Link: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/32/5/25-0981_article
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Human #infections with avian #influenza #H5 viruses with potential #pandemic #risk: 1997–2025
ABSTRACT
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) viruses have caused sporadic human infections since 1997, with recent detections in the Americas and Asia. However, the evolutionary dynamics of different HPAI A(H5) viruses at the animal–human interface, along with their associated disease severity, propensity for animal-to-human (zoonotic) spillover, and human-to-human transmission potential, remain unclear. Here, we combine available genetic and epidemiological data with mechanistic models to better understand the global spread of HPAI A(H5) viruses that spilled over to humans in 1997–2025. Analysis of 7445 subsampled hemagglutinin gene sequences revealed frequent regional succession of HPAI A(H5) virus clades that varied by geographic location. The 1104 reported human HPAI A(H5) cases exhibited subtype- and clade-specific heterogeneity in age, gender, and exposure sources (p < 0.001). After adjusting for under-reporting, we estimated case-fatality risk to be low for HPAI A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b (0.7%, 95%CI: 0.02%–3.9%) and for A(H5N6) clades 2.3.4x (0%, 0%–1.1%) and 2.3.4.4b (1.6%, 0.7%–3.2%), compared with other A(H5) clades (range: 4.7%–15.0%). We also show that, while the transmissibility of HPAI A(H5) viruses between humans remains very low to date (mean Rt: 0.10–0.23), zoonotic transmission has increased with the emergence of bovine-origin clade 2.3.4.4b (incidence: 7.85 per million people per year), relative to other avian-origin A(H5) clades (range: 1.54–5.04 per million people per year). Although other factors such as exposure sources, routes of transmission, immune function, underlying medical conditions, and clinical management can influence outcomes of case-patients, these findings highlight the ongoing pandemic threat posed by HPAI A(H5) viruses and the need for ongoing comprehensive surveillance, genotypic and phenotypic characterization, and preparedness.
Source:
Link: https://academic.oup.com/nsr/article/13/7/nwaf471/8317928
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#USA, #Wastewater Data for Avian #Influenza #H5 (CDC, May 1 '26)
{Excerpt}
(...)
Time Period: April 19, 2026 - April 25, 2026
-- A(H5) Detection: 11 site(s) (2.6%)
-- No Detection: 414 site(s) (97.4%)
-- No samples: 117 site(s)
{Click on Image to Enlarge}
(...)
Source:
Link: https://www.cdc.gov/wastewater/emerging-viruses/h5.html?
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Mechanistic #modelling of highly pathogenic avian #influenza: A scoping #review revealing critical gaps in cross-species #transmission models
Abstract
Background
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses, particularly subtypes such as H5N1 and H7N9, have caused widespread outbreaks in wild birds, poultry, livestock and occasionally humans, raising concerns about cross-species transmission and pandemic potential. Effective control and surveillance strategies require a thorough understanding of HPAI transmission dynamics, which can be supported by mathematical modelling.
Objective
This scoping review aimed to identify mechanistic models used to study HPAI transmission. Specifically, we sought to categorize model types, describe their application contexts (e.g., wild birds, poultry, livestock, and humans), and highlight modelling gaps relevant to understanding and mitigating the risks of HPAI spread.
Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines and the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR), we conducted systematic searches of PubMed and Web of Science to identify peer-reviewed studies employing deterministic and stochastic models to analyze HPAI transmission. Eligible articles published between January 2023 and June 2025 were screened and grouped by model structure, host populations, transmission pathways, and modelling objectives.
Results
After screening, 30 studies published after 2023 were included in this scoping review. Compartmental models were the most common (26 studies), with 16 deterministic and 10 stochastic approaches. These models were primarily used to describe transmission among wild birds, poultry, livestock, and humans and to evaluate interventions such as culling, vaccination, and movement restrictions. Agent-based models (2 studies) captured individual-level interactions and spatial heterogeneity, while network models (2 studies) represented contact structures and transmission pathways between farms or species.
Conclusions
Currently, mechanistic modelling of HPAI is dominated by compartmental approaches, including both deterministic and stochastic formulations, whereas agent-based and network models remain relatively underused. Although most studies focus on transmission in wild birds and poultry, and in some cases spillover infections to humans, few explicitly examine infection dynamics in livestock or in transmission between livestock and humans, despite the importance of livestock (e.g., cattle) as potential intermediaries in human infection. Key gaps persist in the integration of empirical data, representation of multi-host interactions, and evaluation of realistic intervention strategies. Addressing these limitations is essential to improve predictive accuracy and to strengthen the role of modelling in informing HPAI surveillance and control.
Source:
Link: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0347929
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Thursday, April 30, 2026
Prior #immunity to seasonal #influenza #H3N2 virus confers varying levels of cross - #protection against challenge with clade 2.3.4.4b #H5N1, #H7N9, or #H9N2 virus in a #ferret model
ABSTRACT
Evaluating how prior immunity to seasonal influenza viruses influences subsequent zoonotic influenza A virus (IAV) infection in animal models is critical for pandemic preparedness. In this study, we investigated the cross-protective effect of pre-existing A(H3N2) immunity in ferrets challenged with three distinct subtypes of zoonotic IAVs: low pathogenic A(H7N9) and A(H9N2) viruses, and highly pathogenic clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) virus. Our results show that A(H3N2) preimmunity conferred some protection against A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) virus infection, as evidenced by more rapid viral clearance in the upper respiratory tract, reduced virus shedding in the nasal wash on select days post-inoculation, and a lowered frequency of viral detection in specific tissues compared with naive animals. In contrast, A(H3N2) preimmunity provided minimal cross-protection against A(H7N9) infection, as weight loss and viral dissemination in tissues were not significantly reduced in A(H3N2) preimmune ferrets relative to naive animals. These findings highlight the variable breadth and magnitude of cross-protection elicited by prior seasonal IAV immunity against zoonotic influenza virus challenges in the ferret model. Seasonal influenza A(H3N2) preimmunity provided differing levels of cross-protection against zoonotic influenza A virus infections in ferrets.
Source:
Link: https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/spectrum.03974-25
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#France - High pathogenicity avian #influenza #H5N1 viruses (Inf. with) (#poultry) - Immediate notification
{Tarn-et-GaronneRegion} Gallus gallus and vaccinated ducks. Clinical signs on Gallus gallus.
{Dordogne} A poultry farm.
Source:
Link: https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/7521
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Emergence and #Evolution of Triple #Reassortant Highly Pathogenic Avian #Influenza #H5N1 Virus, #Argentina, 2025
Abstract
The H5N1 subtype of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) poses a major zoonotic threat due to its high fatality rate and capacity for cross species transmission. In early 2025, Argentina detected a novel triple reassortant A(H5N1) virus in Chaco Province, combining Eurasian, North American, and South American lineage segments. Genomic analyses of subsequent outbreaks in Buenos Aires and Entre Ríos confirmed persistence of this reassortant and additional HA substitutions (T204K, P251S) potentially linked to increased mammalian receptor affinity. Although PB2 sequences lacked canonical mammalian-adaptive markers (E627K, Q591K, D701N), all contained I292M, a mutation associated with human adaptation. Phylogenetic analyses revealed distinct genotypes and increasing divergence. These findings indicate ongoing viral evolution and adaptation within Argentina, emphasizing the urgent need for sustained genomic surveillance, timely data sharing, and integrated One Health strategies to mitigate zoonotic and socioeconomic risks associated with H5N1 spread in South America.
Source:
Link: https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/18/5/525
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Characterizing #viral #clearance kinetics in acute #influenza
Abstract
Pharmacometric assessment of antiviral efficacy in acute influenza informs treatment decisions and pandemic preparedness. We characterized natural viral clearance in acute influenza to guide phase II trial design using simulations based upon observed data. Standardized duplicate oropharyngeal swabs were collected daily over 14 days from 80 untreated low-risk Thai adults, with viral densities measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. We evaluated three models to describe viral clearance: exponential, bi-exponential and growth-and-decay. The growth-and-decay model provided the best fit, but the exponential decay model was the most parsimonious. The median viral clearance half-life was 10.3 h (interquartile range (IQR): 6.8–15.4h), varying by influenza type: 9.6 h (IQR: 6.2–13.0 h) for influenza A and 14.0 h (IQR: 10.3–19.3 h) for influenza B. Simulated trials using parameters from the exponential decay model showed that 148 patients per arm provide over 90% power to detect treatments accelerating viral clearance by 40%. Variation in clearance rates strongly impacted the power; doubling this variation would require 232 patients per arm for an antiviral with a 60% effect size. A sampling strategy with four swabs per day reduces the required sample size to 81 per arm while maintaining over 80% power. We recommend this approach to assess and compare current anti-influenza drugs.
This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evaluating anti-infective drugs’.
Source:
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Antiviral treatment for #influenza
Abstract
Seasonal influenza is a widespread acute respiratory infection that causes significant illness and death worldwide. Two major antiviral classes are neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) and polymerase inhibitors. NAIs, including oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivir, block viral release, while polymerase inhibitors such as baloxavir disrupt viral RNA replication. Early administration within 48 h of symptom onset reduces illness duration, severity and complications, particularly in high-risk groups. Oseltamivir is the most widely studied NAI, demonstrating reduced viral shedding, faster symptom resolution and lower complication rates, though gastrointestinal side effects are common. Higher doses generally do not improve outcomes compared to standard dosing. Zanamivir is more effective against influenza B and is inhibitory for most influenza A viruses resistant to oseltamivir, but the inhaled formulation is less suitable for patients with severe illness or airway disease. Intravenous (IV) zanamivir is approved for hospitalized influenza patients in some countries. Peramivir offers IV treatment options, while laninamivir is mainly used in Japan. Baloxavir shows superior viral load reduction and comparable symptom relief to oseltamivir in outpatients, though resistance variants can emerge. Favipiravir and newer polymerase inhibitors are under investigation. Combination therapies may enhance recovery, with limited evidence. Overall, timely antiviral use is critical to reducing influenza’s burden.
This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Evaluating anti-infective drugs’.
Source:
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Cambodia - High pathogenicity avian #influenza #H5N1 viruses (Inf. with) (#poultry) - Immediate notification
On 22 April 2026, an outbreak investigation team visited a backyard poultry farm following reports of illness and mortality suspected to be caused by Avian Influenza (AI). A total of four chicken samples were collected and submitted to NAHPRI/GDAHP for testing of Avian Influenza (H5N1). And on 23 April 2026, laboratory results confirmed that all four chicken samples tested positive for Avian Influenza (H5N1). Additionally, in the same area, one human case of Avian Influenza (H5N1) was confirmed by the Ministry of Health on 22 April 2026.
Source:
Link: https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/7520
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#Orthopoxvirus #Antibodies in Feral #Mammals in #Mpox #Outbreak Areas, #Nigeria, 2021–2022
Abstract
We analyzed tissue and serum samples from 124 wild animals from communities with confirmed mpox cases in Nigeria. Tissue samples were PCR-negative, but serum samples from 8 animals (6.45%)—3 feral cats, 4 giant pouched rats, and 1 shrew—revealed Orthopoxvirus antibodies, suggesting these species as probable reservoirs.
Source:
Link: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/32/5/25-1565_article
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
#qRTPCR #Detection of Inactivated #H5 Avian #Influenza Virus in Raw #Milk Samples by Miniaturized Instruments Designed for On-Site Testing
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) of H5 and H7 subtypes has emerged as one of the most important zoonotic pathogens in the 21st century with significant economic consequences. The recent outbreak of H5N1 avian influenza (AI) in dairy cattle highlighted the importance of early detection in managing and mitigating HPAIV outbreaks. A successful high-speed diagnostic response requires rapid site and specimen access, minimal time for test protocols, and prompt communication of the diagnostic results to government officials. A new diagnostic paradigm that consists of miniaturized extractor and qPCR instruments (EZextractor and EZcycler MiniQ), designed for mobile, on-site testing has been compared with a platform of benchtop instruments (QIAGEN RNeasy and QuantStudio 5) for detecting inactivated H5 avian influenza virus (AIV) spiked in raw milk samples. Two sets of experiments were performed: 1) 15 raw milk samples, obtained from 15 different farms, diluted with phosphate-buffered saline and spiked with the virus to reach approximately 10 copies/mcL virus concentration, and 2) raw milk samples from two farms, each spiked with the inactivated AIV H5 followed by 5 series of dilution to reach AIV concentrations of 1000, 100, 10, 1 and 0.1 copies/mcL. Results show that despite the inhibitors in raw milk, AIV in all samples can be detected by both platforms. The MT platform showed higher sensitivity than the benchtop platform: the Ct values from the MT were ~2 units lower than the benchtop Ct values. Our findings demonstrate the robustness of the MT platform for diagnosing AIV H5 in raw milk samples and support its use as an on-site diagnostic for rapid surveillance and response.
Competing Interest Statement
The authors have declared no competing interest.
Funder Information Declared
DiaVac Biotech Co.
Schweitzer Biotech Co.
Source:
Link: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.06.02.657307v3
____
I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
Wednesday, April 29, 2026
Highly Pathogenic Avian #Influenza #H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus and Mass #Mortality in Eurasian #Cranes, #Germany, 2025
Abstract
In autumn 2025, highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus, genotype EA-2024-DI.2.1, caused systemic infections leading to a mass mortality event among the western migrating subpopulation of Eurasian cranes (Grus grus) in Germany. Gregarious behavior at feeding and resting sites likely promoted rapid viral spread within the population.
Source:
Link: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/32/5/26-0170_article
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I am an Italian blogger, active since 2005 with main focus on emerging infectious diseases such as avian influenza, SARS, antibiotics resistance, and many other global Health issues. Other fields of interest are: climate change, global warming, geological and biological sciences. My activity consists mainly in collection and analysis of news, public services updates, confronting sources and making decision about what are the 'signals' of an impending crisis (an outbreak, for example). When a signal is detected, I follow traces during the entire course of an event. I started in 2005 my blog ''A TIME'S MEMORY'', now with more than 40,000 posts and 3 millions of web interactions. Subsequently I added an Italian Language blog, then discontinued because of very low traffic and interest. I contributed for seven years to a public forum (FluTrackers.com) in the midst of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa in 2014, I left the site to continue alone my data tracking job.
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Abstract In autumn 2025, highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus, genotype EA-2024-DI.2.1 , caused systemic infecti... -
Abstract We tested wild ruminants, boar, and carnivores in northeast Germany for highly pathogenic avian influenza subtype H5 antibodies .... -
{Excerpts} (...) {-- H5N1: } - Date of report: 22/04/2026 - Country: Cambodia - Province / Region: Svay Rieng province - District / C...