ETIDIOH - NEW

Abstract Highly pathogenic henipaviruses (Nipah and Hendra viruses) and parahenipaviruses (Langya virus) have demonstrated significant zoonotic potential . We aimed to identify Henipavirus or Parahenipavirus species in rodents and shrews in South Korea to underline the potential zoonotic transmission risk. Kidney and lung tissues from 285 rodents and shrews were screened for Henipavirus and Parahenipavirus using quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) targeting the Gamak virus and Daeryong virus (DARV) sequences. Based on the qRT-PCR results, 75 out of the 285 individuals tested positive , with the highest viral loads in the kidneys of Apodemus agrarius, Crocidura lasiura , and Crocidura shantungensis . A kidney sample from C. shantungensis that exhibited the lowest Ct value was further analyzed using PCR, Sanger sequencing, and metagenomic analysis, yielding a near-complete genome of a novel Parahenipavirus, designated Parahenipavirus_GH (PHNV-...

Abstract Background :  The detection of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) in lactating dairy cattle in the United States , with high viral titers in raw milk, has raised concerns about potential zoonotic transmission through the consumption of unpasteurized milk and raw-milk dairy products. While inactivation studies exist for pasteurized milk, data on virus persistence during the manufacture of raw-milk cheeses remain scarce .  Aim :  To evaluate the survival and inactivation of avian influenza viruses (AIV), including both low pathogenic (LPAIV, H1N1) and highly pathogenic (HPAIV, H5N1) strains, during the production and ripening of Grana-type hard cheeses made from raw bovine milk.  Methods :  Experimental cheesemaking was conducted using raw milk artificially contaminated with A-Duck-Italy-281904-2-06 (H1N1; 10 7,75 EID50 per mL) or A-Duck-Italy-326224-2-22 (H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b; 10 6,75 EID50 per mL). Cheeses were produced in accordance wi...