ETIDIOH - NEW

  {Summary} Time Period: August 03, 2025 - August 09, 2025 -- H5 Detection :  2 sites ( 0.5% ) -- No Detection :  425 sites ( 99.5% ) -- No samples in last week :  33 sites (...) Source: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,  https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/wwd-h5.html ____

Abstract The continuous evolution and widespread dissemination of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses , particularly clade 2.3.4.4b, pose critical challenges to global pandemic preparedness . In this study, we assessed a low-dose inactivated split virus vaccine derived from clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1, formulated with an Alum/CpG adjuvant , using a preclinical mouse model . This vaccine induced potent humoral and cellular immune responses , generating high titers of cross-reactive antibodies targeting both hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) glycoproteins across homologous and heterologous H5 clades. The Alum/CpG adjuvant enabled significant antigen dose-sparing while promoting a balanced Th1/Th2 immune profile . Functional analyses demonstrated strong virus neutralization , neuraminidase inhibition, and potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity activity . Additionally, the vaccine elicited robust antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses and effectively con...

  Abstract A 2023 outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza in seabirds in Norway caused substantial environmental contamination of grazing areas frequented by local sheep . Eleven months later, 220 sheep were tested for antibodies to type A influenza and H5 subtype using ELISA, haemagglutination inhibition, and microneutralisation assays. One ewe (0.5%) tested positive by all methods, consistent with prior spillover infection . This underscores the importance of restricting livestock access to outbreak areas to mitigate cross-species transmission and zoonotic risk. Source: BioRxIV,  https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2025.08.14.670265v1 ____