ETIDIOH - NEW

  Summary -- What is already known about this topic? - As of January 1, 2025, 37 human cases of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A( H5N1 ) had been detected in California , none of which occurred in San Francisco. -- What is added by this report? - On January 9, 2025, a case of HPAI A(H5N1) infection was identified in a school-aged child in San Francisco through enhanced surveillance (influenza A virus subtyping of a sample of specimens weekly). No source of exposure was identified, and investigations found no laboratory evidence of human-to-human transmission among close contacts. -- What are the implications for public health practice? - Enhanced surveillance and timely subtyping of a subset of influenza A–positive specimens, including specimens from persons without known A(H5N1) exposure, are important to detect avian influenza A virus infections. Public health investigations are critical to monitoring for human-to-human transmission. Abstract In response to a highly pat...

  Kinshasa – Health authorities in the Democratic Republic of the Congo have declared an outbreak of Ebola virus disease in Kasai Province where 28 suspected cases and 15 deaths , including four health workers, have been reported as of 4 September 2025. The outbreak has affected Bulape and Mweka health zones in Kasai Province where health officials have been carrying out investigations after the cases and the deaths reported presented with symptoms including fever, vomiting, diarrhoea and haemorrhage . Samples tested on 3 September at the country’s National Institute of Biomedical Research in the capital Kinshasa confirmed the cause of the outbreak as Ebola Zaire caused by Ebola virus disease.    A national Rapid Response Team joined by World Health Organization (WHO) experts in epidemiology, infection prevention and control, laboratory and case management has been deployed to Kasai Province to rapidly strengthen disease surveillance, treatment and infection prevention an...

{Summary} -- During current surveillance week (28 August - 3 September 2025):  - 72 new confirmed human cases of West Nile Virus infection have been confirmed;  -- The total number of cases since the beginning of epidemic season has risen to 502 (they were 430 in the last bulletin); of these:  - 226 were West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND):  11 in Piedmont, 16 in Lombardy, 17 Veneto, 1 Friuli-Venezia Giulia, 1 Liguria, 15 Emilia-Romagna, 3 Tuscany, 71 Latium, 2 Molise, 72 Campania, 1 Apulia, 2 Basilicata, 5 Calabria, 1 Sicily, 8 Sardinia,  - 40 were asymptomatic cases detected in blood donors ,  - 226 were West Nile Fever cases (one of them imported from Kenya ), - 5 asymptomatic cases,  - 5 unspecified.  -- So far there have been 33 fatal cases : 3 in Piedmont, 1 Lombardy, 1 Emilia-Romagna, 14 Latium, 12 Campania, 2 Calabria.  - The Case-Fatality rate among WNND cases is thus far at 14.6% (in 2018 it was 20%, in 2024 14%).  -- During...