ETIDIOH - NEW

  Abstract The highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) of subtype H5N1 represent a major threat to animal and public health . The current panzootic with H5 clade 2.3.4.4b has caused numerous, widespread outbreaks in various domestic and wild avian species with high mortalities, massive losses and a high frequency of spillover events to unexpected novel mammalian hosts such as dairy cows . The global H5N1 situation raises serious concerns about zoonotic risks due to effective mammal-to-mammal transmission . Therefore, it is critical to increase surveillance intensity of a broadened species range, particularly at the human-animal interface . For this purpose, reliable and cost-effective serological tools that are easy to perform and suitable for high-throughput screenings are critically needed. The newly developed double antigen ELISA format employing a luminescence-based detection technology has demonstrated to comply with such prerequisites. The assay allowed the detectio...

  {Abstract} Background :  Emerging threats such as highly pathogenic influenza strains like H5N1 emphasize the need for vaccines that induce cross-reactive immunity against conserved epitopes. Existing influenza vaccines primarily elicit strain-specific responses , leaving gaps in protection against pandemic subtypes. This study aimed to evaluate T cell responses to seasonal influenza A and H5N1 and compare them to SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell responses to understand differences shaped by distinct exposure histories and vaccination strategies. Methods :  T cell responses were assessed in 41 laboratory workers who received annual seasonal influenza vaccines using ELISpot to quantify responses to peptide pools derived from influenza ( H1N1 hemagglutinin [HA], H3N2 HA, H5N1 HA, matrix protein 1 [MP1], nucleoprotein [NP]) and SARS-CoV-2 (spike [S2S], nucleocapsid [S2N]). Ten-day expansion assays were used to evaluate functional cross-reactivity between H1, H3, and H5 HA. Intra...

  {Excerpt} Time Period: December 21, 2025 - December 27, 2025 -- H5 Detection :  4 site(s) ( 1.1% ) -- No Detection :  359 site(s) (98.9%) -- No samples in last week :  168 site(s) (...) Source:  Link:  https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/wwd-h5.html ____

  Abstract Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b has expanded rapidly across the Southern Ocean since 2023 , causing extensive mortality in sub-Antarctic wildlife . Yet its penetration into Antarctica and impacts on ice-dependent species remain poorly resolved primarily due to surveillance constraints . We report the first confirmed H5N1 infection in an Antarctic ice-dependent seal (crabeater seal; Lobodon carcinophaga) and document mortality of crabeater seals across the northern Weddell Sea during November-December 2024 . Combining genomic, serological and observational data across nine species, we detected H5N1 RNA in a crabeater seal and a kelp gull (Larus dominicanus), and recovered complete HA, NA and M2 gene sequences from both. Phylogenetic analyses allowed us to identify at least two independent introductions of HPAI H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b into the northern Antarctic Peninsula region. Serology provided strong evidence of prior exposure in scavenging bir...

  A poultry farm in Lubelskie Region. Source:  Link:  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/7162 ____

  {Kerala} 1) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 2) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 3) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 4) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 5) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 6) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 7) The outbreak was detected in ducks within an integrated rice–duck farming system. 8, 9 & 10) Poultry farms. Source:  Link:  https://wahis.woah.org/#/in-review/7161 ____