ETIDIOH - NEW

  Am J Obstet Gynecol REGAN AK, Rowe SL, Birchfield J, Liu J, et al Adherence to Recommended Antiviral Treatment Guidelines for COVID-19 and Influenza during Pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Mar 16:S0002-9378(26)00155. PubMed          BONIFACE ER, Alvergne A, Darney BG, Benhar E, et al Menstrual cycle patterns during acute and long COVID-19 infection among a cohort of individuals with regular menstrual cycles. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2026 Mar 11:S0002-9378(26)00132. PubMed          BMJ SCANDRETT K, Sitch AJ, Barratt J, Brettell EA, et al Accuracy of glomerular filtration rate estimation based on creatinine and cystatin C for monitoring moderate chronic kidney disease in adults: prospective, longitudinal cohort study. BMJ. 2026;392:e085005. PubMed           Abstract available LANG K How does covid-19 affect the skin? BMJ. 2026;392:s264. PubMed      ...

  Cell VARGAS-MALDONADO N, Shetty N, Ferreri LM, Pauly MD, et al Controlled human influenza infection reveals heterogeneous expulsion of infectious virus into air. Cell. 2026 Mar 19:S0092-8674(26)00232-1. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2026. PubMed           Abstract available J Immunol VAHED H, Chentoufi AA, Prakash S, Quadiri A, et al CXCL13/CXCR5 chemokine axis promotes antiviral CXCR5+CD19+ B Cells and follicular/effector CXCR5+CD4+ T Cells in the lungs associated with protection from severe and fatal COVID-19 following infection with pathogenic SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant. J Immunol. 2026;215:vkag017. PubMed           Abstract available HANSEN MR, Sedney CJ, Xiao S, Prasad DBR, et al Adult mice with neonatal-like T cell subsets exhibit increased susceptibility to Bordetella pertussis and influenza infection. J Immunol. 2026;215:vkaf361. PubMed           Abstract available ...

  By Václav Vyskočil (Upload: Jagro) - www.vlaky.net : [1], CC BY-SA 3.0,  https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5776155 Source:  Link:  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Czech_locomotive_classes ____

{Summary) Risk statement -- This WHO Rapid Risk Assessment (RRA, v2) aims to assess the risk of diphtheria at the regional level , considering the public health impact , the risk of geographical spread and the risk of insufficient control capacities with available resources.  -- Diphtheria is a major public health problem in the WHO African Region (AFR) despite significant efforts on immunization in the past decades (e.g. introduction of DTP vaccine in the Expanded Program on Immunisation in 1974).  -- Between 2000 and 2024, 75 789 diphtheria suspected cases were reported across the Region with an average 3 500 cases per year .     -- Between the beginning of 2025 and as of 1 March 2026 , over 29 000 suspected diphtheria cases with 1 420 deaths ( CFR 4.9% ) have been reported across these eight countries: Algeria, Chad, Guinea, Mali, Mauritania , Niger, Nigeria and South.  -- This represents a 67% increase in the number of suspected cases (11 749 additional...

Weekly epidemiological record   20 MARCH 2026, 101th YEAR, No 12, 2026, 101, 53–56 http://www.who.int/wer   Executive Summary   The WHO Expert Working Group on Surveillance of Influenza Antiviral Susceptibility (AVWG) supports the WHO GISRS by providing practical guidance for monitoring antiviral susceptibility of seasonal and emerging influenza viruses through global surveillance efforts .  The 14th WHO-AVWG meeting was held in virtual format on 10-12 June 2025 .  Update on susceptibility of seasonal influenza viruses to approved antiviral agents   From approximately May 2024 to May 2025 , five WHO Collaborating Centres (CCs) and two National Influenza Centres (NICs) reported co-circulation of influenza A(H1N1) pdm09, A(H3N2), and B/Victoria viruses.  A(H1N1)pdm09 dominated in Eastern Asia {1}. Elevated frequency of influenza neuraminidase (NA) inhibitor (NAI) reduced inhibition/ highly reduced inhibition (RI/HRI) was identified among A(H1N1)pdm09 vir...

  {Excerpt} Time Period: March 08, 2026 - March 14, 2026 -- H5 Detection :  8 site(s) ( 1.8% ) -- No Detection :  444 site(s) ( 98.2% ) -- No samples in last week :  120 site(s) (...) Source:  Link:  https://www.cdc.gov/nwss/rv/wwd-h5.html ____

  Abstract Background :  Avian Influenza (AI) is a potential pandemic threat , specifically when human-to-human transmission occurs . For outbreak management testing is essential. Current knowledge on testing behaviour is mostly derived from other infectious diseases such as COVID-19 . It is necessary to identify determinants of testing behaviour for AI in an early phase . Therefore, this interview study aims to identify a wide range of behavioural determinants of testing during a hypothetical human-to-human transmissible AI outbreak .  Methods :  Semi-structured in-depth interviews , based on the Theoretical Domains Framework, were carried out between May 2024 and February 2025. Participants were included through purposive and convenience sampling. During the interviews an animation was shown illustrating a hypothetical AI outbreak. Verbatim transcripts were thematically analysed.  Results :  We included seventeen participants (median age 44, range 20-81; ...

  Summary -- What is already known about this topic? - CDC tracks SARS-CoV-2 variants internationally using digital public health surveillance and in the United States using genomic surveillance, including wastewater and traveler-based surveillance.  - The highly divergent SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.3.2 was first detected in a respiratory sample collected on November 22, 2024, in South Africa. -- What is added by this report? - As of February 11, 2026, BA.3.2 had been reported in 23 countries.  - Detections began increasing in September 2025.  - In the United States , BA.3.2 was detected in nasal swabs from four travelers, three airplane wastewater samples, clinical samples from five patients, and 132 wastewater samples from 25 U.S. states. -- What are the implications for public health practice? - Monitoring the spread of BA.3.2 provides valuable information about the potential for this new SARS-CoV-2 lineage to evade immunity from a previous infection or vaccination. Ab...

  The Meningitis B vaccine will now be offered to everyone who has been offered preventative antibiotic treatment as part of this outbreak . -- Vaccination will now be extended to everyone who has been offered preventative antibiotic treatment as part of this outbreak. -- Preventative antibiotics – and vaccination – will also now be offered to the 6th form students ( years 12 and 13 ) in schools and colleges in Kent where confirmed or probable cases are identified. -- On a case-by-case basis, future risk assessment may also support use in other year groups or settings. -- Students can, and should, continue to attend schools and colleges as normal.  -- The NHS Kent and Medway website will be updated shortly with vaccination sites for those eligible. -- The key intervention to protect people and halt the spread remains for people to come forward for antibiotic treatment . A single course of antibiotics is highly effective in preventing the contraction and spread of this disease ...